Ceuta (Senate constituency)

{{Short description|Spanish Senate constituency}} {{For|the [[Congress of Deputies]] constituency|Ceuta (Congress of Deputies constituency)}} {{Infobox constituency | name = Ceuta | type = [[Senate of Spain]]<br/>Electoral | image = SpanishCongressDistricts(Ceuta).png | image_size = 400px | caption = Location of Ceuta within [[Spain]] | district_label = [[Provinces of Spain|Province]] | district = [[Province of Cádiz|Cádiz]] (1977–1995)<br/>''None'' (1995–present) | region_label = [[Autonomous communities of Spain|Autonomous community]] | region = [[Andalusia]] (1977–1995)<br/>''None'' (1995–present) | population = {{increase|size=10px}} 83,229 (2024)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2024-25973 |title=Real Decreto 1210/2024, de 28 de noviembre, por el que se declaran oficiales las cifras de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal referidas al 1 de enero de 2024 |language=es |website=[[Boletín Oficial del Estado]] |access-date=23 December 2024}}</ref> | electorate = {{increase|size=10px}} 63,310 (2023) | towns = [[Ceuta]] | year = [[1977 Spanish general election|1977]] | seats = 2 | members = {{unbulleted list | {{Color box|{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}|border=darkgray}} [[People's Party (Spain)|PP]] (2) }} }} '''Ceuta''' is one of the 59 constituencies ({{langx|es|link=no|circunscripciones}}) represented in the [[Senate of Spain]], the upper chamber of the Spanish parliament, the [[Cortes Generales]]. The constituency elects two [[senator]]s. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish autonomous city of [[Ceuta]]. The [[electoral system]] uses [[open list]] [[partial block voting]], with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. Electors can vote for up to two candidates.

==Electoral system== The constituency was created as per the [[Political Reform Law]] and was first contested in the [[1977 Spanish general election|1977 general election]]. The Law provided for the [[provinces of Spain]] to be established as multi-member districts in the [[Senate of Spain|Senate]],<ref name="PRL">{{harvp|Law 1/1977|1977|loc=trans. prov. 1}}.</ref> with this regulation being maintained under the [[Spanish Constitution of 1978]].<ref name="Cons">{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. III, ch. I, art. 69}}.</ref> Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an [[Organic Law (Spain)|organic law]], needing an [[absolute majority]] in the [[Cortes Generales]].<ref>{{harvp|Const. Esp.|1978|loc=tit. VIII, ch. II, art. 141}}.</ref>

Voting is on the basis of [[universal suffrage]], which comprises all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights.<ref>{{harvp|LOREG|1985|loc=tit. I, ch. I, art. 2}}.</ref> The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals ''over 21 years of age'' and in full enjoyment of their political ''and'' civil rights.<ref>{{harvp|RDL 20/1977|1977|loc=tit. I, art. 2}}.</ref>{{sfn|Carreras de Odriozola|Tafunell Sambola|2005|p=1077}} Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for [[Spanish diaspora|Spaniards abroad]] to [[Voter registration|apply for voting]] before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote ({{langx|es|Voto rogado}}),<ref>{{harvp|LOREG|1985|loc=tit. I, ch. VI, art. 75}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Reig Pellicer |first=Naiara |date=16 December 2015 |url=http://www.cafebabel.co.uk/politics/article/spanish-elections-begging-for-the-right-to-vote.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415142104/http://www.cafebabel.co.uk/politics/article/spanish-elections-begging-for-the-right-to-vote.html |url-status=usurped |archive-date=April 15, 2016 |title=Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote |website=cafebabel.co.uk |access-date=17 July 2017}}</ref> which was abolished in 2022.<ref>{{cite news |last=Araque Conde |first=Pilar |date=8 June 2022 |title=El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero |url=https://www.publico.es/politica/congreso-acaba-voto-rogado-diez-anos-trabas-burocraticas-residentes-extranjero.html |language=es |newspaper=Público |location=Madrid |access-date=31 July 2022}}</ref> 208 seats are elected using an [[open list]] [[Limited voting|partial block voting system]], with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. In constituencies electing four seats, electors can vote for up to three candidates; in those with two or three seats, for up to two candidates; and for one candidate in single-member districts. Each of the 47 peninsular provinces is allocated four seats, whereas for insular provinces, such as the [[Balearic Islands|Balearic]] and [[Canary Islands]], districts are the islands themselves, with the larger—[[Mallorca]], [[Gran Canaria]] and [[Tenerife]]—being allocated three seats each, and the smaller—[[Menorca]], [[Ibiza]]–[[Formentera]], [[Fuerteventura]], [[La Gomera]] and [[El Hierro]] (which comprised a single constituency only for the 1977 election), [[Lanzarote]] and [[La Palma]]—one each. [[Ceuta]] and [[Melilla]] elect two seats each.<ref name="PRL"/><ref name="Cons"/><ref>{{harvp|RDL 20/1977|1977|loc=tit. II, ch. II, art. 19 & 21}}.</ref><ref>{{harvp|LOREG|1985|loc=tit. II, ch. III, art. 162 & 165–166}}.</ref> Until 1985, the law also provided for [[by-election]]s to fill Senate seats vacated up to two years into the legislature.<ref>{{harvp|RDL 20/1977|1977|loc=tit. III, art. 29}}.</ref>

The electoral law allows for [[Political party|parties]] and [[Political alliance|federations]] registered in the [[Ministry of the Interior (Spain)|interior ministry]], [[Electoral alliance|coalitions]] and [[Grouping of electors (Spain)|groupings of electors]] to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.<ref>{{harvp|RDL 20/1977|1977|loc=tit. IV, art. 30–31 & 34}}.</ref><ref>{{harvp|LOREG|1985|loc=tit. I, ch. VI, art. 44 & tit. II, ch. V, art. 169}}.</ref>

==Senators== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;" |- bgcolor="#CCCCCC" ! colspan="3"| [[Senator]]s for Ceuta 1977– |- | colspan="3"| {{hidden begin|title=''Key to parties''|contentstyle=font-size:95%; border:solid 1px silver; padding:8px; background:white;}} {{colbegin|colwidth=5em}} {{legend|{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}|[[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|{{party color|Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}}|[[Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)|UCD]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}|[[People's Party (Spain)|PP]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|{{party color|Vox (political party)}}|[[Vox (political party)|Vox]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{colend}} {{hidden end}} |- bgcolor="#CCCCCC" ! Legislature ! Election ! Distribution |- | Constituent | [[#1977 general election|1977]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |- | 1st | [[#1979 general election|1979]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |- | 2nd | [[#1982 general election|1982]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |- | 3rd | [[#1986 general election|1986]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |- | 4th | [[#1989 general election|1989]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |- | 5th | [[#1993 general election|1993]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |- | 6th | [[#1996 general election|1996]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |- | 7th | [[#2000 general election|2000]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |- | 8th | [[#2004 general election|2004]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |- | 9th | [[#2008 general election|2008]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |- | 10th | [[#2011 general election|2011]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |- | 11th | [[#2015 general election|2015]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |- | 12th | [[#2016 general election|2016]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |- | 13th | [[#April 2019 general election|2019 (Apr)]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |- | 14th | [[#November 2019 general election|2019 (Nov)]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}; width:50.00%; color:white;"| 1 | style="background:{{party color|Vox (political party)}}; width:50.00%; color:white;"| 1 |} |- | 15th | [[#2023 general election|2023]] | {| style="width:2.5em; font-size:90%; text-align:center; font-family:Courier New;" |- style="font-weight:bold" | style="background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}; width:100.00%; color:white;"| 2 |} |}

==Elections== ===2023 general election=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; font-size:95%;" |+ Summary of the 23 July 2023 [[Senate of Spain]] [[2023 Spanish general election|election results]] |- ! style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2" width="325"| Candidates ! style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2" colspan="2" width="175"| Parties and coalitions ! colspan="2"| Popular vote |- ! width="75"| Votes ! width="45"| % |- | align="left"| {{tick|15}} [[Cristina Díaz Moreno]] | width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}"| | align="left"| [[People's Party (Spain)|PP]] | 12,194 | 37.14 |- | align="left"| {{tick|15}} [[Abdelhakim Abdeselam Al Lal]] | width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}"| | align="left"| [[People's Party (Spain)|PP]] | 11,694 | 35.62 |- | align="left"| • [[María Blanca Gómez Serra]] | width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"| | align="left"| [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]] | 10,672 | 32.50 |- | align="left"| • [[Miguel Señor Alonso]] | width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"| | align="left"| [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]] | 10,208 | 31.09 |- | align="left"| • [[Yolanda Merelo Palomares]] | width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Vox (political party)}}"| | align="left"| [[Vox (political party)|Vox]] | 7,927 | 24.14 |- | align="left"| • [[Carlos Francisco Verdejo Ferrer]] | width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Vox (political party)}}"| | align="left"| [[Vox (political party)|Vox]] | 7,523 | 22.91 |- | align="left"| • [[Miriam Ahmed Sánchez]] | width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Sumar (electoral platform)}}"| | align="left"| [[Sumar (electoral platform)|Sumar]] | 1,016 | 3.09 |- | align="left"| • [[Ismael Abdeselam Martín]] | width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Sumar (electoral platform)}}"| | align="left"| [[Sumar (electoral platform)|Sumar]] | 762 | 2.32 |- | align="left"| • [[Octavio Alejandro Arce García]] | width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|For a Fairer World}}"| | align="left"| [[For a Fairer World|PUM+J]] | 84 | 0.25 |- | align="left"| • [[Damián Vallejo Rominguera]] | width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Free (Spanish political party)}}"| | align="left"| [[Free (Spanish political party)|LB]] | 75 | 0.22 |- | align="left"| • [[Antonio José Corts Piris]] | width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Zero Cuts}}"| | align="left"| [[Zero Cuts|Recortes Cero]] | 38 | 0.11 |- | align="left" colspan="3"| Blank ballots | 428 || 1.30 |- | colspan="5" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"| |- style="font-weight:bold;" | align="left" colspan="3"| Total | 62621 || bgcolor="#E9E9E9"| |- | colspan="5" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"| |- | align="left" colspan="3"| Valid votes | 32,827 || 97.11 |- | align="left" colspan="3"| Invalid votes | 975 || 2.88 |- style="font-weight:bold;" | align="left" colspan="3"| Votes cast / turnout | 33,802 || 55.99 |- | align="left" colspan="3"| Abstentions | 26,564 || 44.00 |- style="font-weight:bold;" | align="left" colspan="3"| Registered voters | 60366 || bgcolor="#E9E9E9"| |- | colspan="5" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"| |- | align="left" colspan="5"| Sources<ref>{{cite web |url=https://resultados.generales23j.es/es/resultados/1/28/90 |title=Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. 2023 |language=es |website=Ministry of the Interior |access-date=29 August 2023}}</ref> |} ===November 2019 general election=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; font-size:95%;" |+ Summary of the 10 November 2019 [[Senate of Spain]] [[November 2019 Spanish general election|election results]] in Ceuta |- ! style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2" width="325"| Candidates ! style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2" colspan="2" width="175"| Parties and coalitions ! colspan="2"| Popular vote |- ! width="75"| Votes ! width="45"| % |- | align="left"| {{tick|15}} Juan Ros Alcaide | width="1" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Vox (political party)}}"| | align="left"| [[Vox (political party)|Vox]] | 11,284 || 34.81 |- | align="left"| {{tick|15}} David Juan Muñoz Arbona | style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}"| | align="left"| [[People's Party (Spain)|PP]] | 10,071 || 31.07 |- | align="left"| • María Blanca Gómez Serra | style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"| | align="left"| [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]] | 9,383 || 28.94 |- | align="left"| • Hamed Mohamed Ahmed | style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party}}"| | align="left"| [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]] | 9,210 || 28.41 |- | align="left"| • María Nieves Sorroche Alcina | style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|People's Party (Spain)}}"| | align="left"| [[People's Party (Spain)|PP]] | 7,557 || 23.31 |- | align="left"| • Julián Manuel Domínguez Fernández | style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Citizens (Spanish political party)}}"| | align="left"| [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Cs]] | 1,521 || 4.69 |- | align="left"| • Nabila Solimán Alí | style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Unidas Podemos}}"| | align="left"| [[Unidas Podemos|Podemos–IU]] | 1,158 || 3.57 |- | align="left"| • María Yéssica de Torres Gómez | style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Citizens (Spanish political party)}}"| | align="left"| [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Cs]] | 1,129 || 3.48 |- | align="left"| • Antonio Nepomuceno Moreno | style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Unidas Podemos}}"| | align="left"| [[Unidas Podemos|Podemos–IU]] | 1,025 || 3.16 |- | align="left"| • Liria Taieb Mohamed | style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Movement for Dignity and Citizenship}}"| | align="left"| [[Movement for Dignity and Citizenship|MDyC]] | 745 || 2.30 |- | align="left"| • Álvaro María Guzmán Esteban | style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Movement for Dignity and Citizenship}}"| | align="left"| [[Movement for Dignity and Citizenship|MDyC]] | 694 || 2.14 |- | align="left"| • Francisco Manuel Ramírez González | style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Zero Cuts}}"| | align="left"| [[Zero Cuts|Recortes Cero]]–[[The Greens–Green Group|GV]] | 183 || 0.56 |- | align="left"| • Emilio Francisco Nepomuceno Moreno | style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|For a Fairer World}}"| | align="left"| [[For a Fairer World|PUM+J]] | 91 || 0.28 |- | align="left" colspan="3"| Blank ballots | 515 || 1.59 |- | colspan="5" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"| |- style="font-weight:bold;" | align="left" colspan="3"| Total | 32,419 || bgcolor="#E9E9E9"| |- | colspan="5" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"| |- | align="left" colspan="3"| Valid votes | 32,419 || 96.21 |- | align="left" colspan="3"| Invalid votes | 1,278 || 3.79 |- style="font-weight:bold;" | align="left" colspan="3"| Votes cast / turnout | 33,697 || 53.90 |- | align="left" colspan="3"| Abstentions | 28,816 || 46.10 |- style="font-weight:bold;" | align="left" colspan="3"| Registered voters | 62,513 || bgcolor="#E9E9E9"| |- | colspan="5" bgcolor="#E9E9E9"| |- | align="left" colspan="5"| Sources<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.infoelectoral.mir.es/min/busquedaAvanzadaAction.html?vuelta=1&codTipoEleccion=3&codPeriodo=201911&codEstado=99&codComunidad=18&codProvincia=51&codMunicipio=0&codDistrito=0&codSeccion=0&codMesa=0 |title=Electoral Results Consultation. Senate. November 2019. Ceuta |language=es |website=Ministry of the Interior |access-date=11 August 2020}}</ref> |}

===April 2019 general election===

===2016 general election===

===2015 general election===

===2011 general election===

===2008 general election===

===2004 general election===

===2000 general election===

===1996 general election===

===1993 general election===

===1989 general election===

===1986 general election===

===1982 general election===

===1979 general election===

===1977 general election===

==References== {{reflist}}

==Bibliography== {{refbegin}} *{{cite act |italics=y |title=Ley 1/1977, de 4 de enero, para la Reforma Política |type=Law |number=1/1977 |date=4 January 1977 |reporter=[[Boletín Oficial del Estado]] |volume=4 |issn=0212-033X |id=BOE-A-1977-165 |language=es |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1977-165 |access-date=27 December 2016 |ref={{harvid|Law 1/1977|1977}}}} *{{cite act |italics=y |title=Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales |type=Royal Decree-Law |number=20/1977 |date=18 March 1977 |reporter=[[Boletín Oficial del Estado]] |volume=70 |issn=0212-033X |id=BOE-A-1977-7445 |language=es |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1977-7445 |access-date=27 December 2016 |ref={{harvid|RDL 20/1977|1977}}}} *{{cite act |italics=y |title=Constitución Española |type=Spanish Constitution |date=29 December 1978 |orig-date=latest version |reporter=[[Boletín Oficial del Estado]] |volume=311 |issn=0212-033X |id=BOE-A-1978-31229 |language=es |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1978-31229 |access-date=24 December 2024 |ref={{harvid|Const. Esp.|1978}}}} *{{cite act |italics=y |title=Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General |type=Organic Law |number=5/1985 |date=19 June 1985 |orig-date=latest version |reporter=[[Boletín Oficial del Estado]] |volume=147 |issn=0212-033X |id=BOE-A-1985-11672 |language=es |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1985-11672 |access-date=24 December 2024 |ref={{harvid|LOREG|1985}}}} *{{cite book |last1=Carreras de Odriozola |first1=Albert |last2=Tafunell Sambola |first2=Xavier |year=2005 |orig-year=1989 |title=Estadísticas históricas de España, siglos XIX-XX |url=http://www.fbbva.es/TLFU/dat/autores.pdf |language=es |volume=1 |location=Bilbao |publisher=Fundación BBVA |pages=1072–1097 |edition=II |isbn=84-96515-00-1 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924010950/http://www.fbbva.es/TLFU/dat/autores.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2015 |df=dmy-all}} {{refend}}

[[Category:Senate constituencies in Spain]] [[Category:1977 establishments in Spain]] [[Category:Constituencies established in 1977]] [[Category:Politics of Ceuta]]