{{Short description|Subspecies of New World monkey}} {{Subspeciesbox | name = Trinidad white-fronted capuchin | image = Trinidad White-fronted Capuchin imported from iNaturalist photo 65490767 on 29 December 2023.jpg | status = CR | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = <ref name="iucn"/> | genus = Cebus | species = albifrons | subspecies = trinitatis | authority = (Pusch, 1942) | subdivision_ranks = | subdivision = | range_map = | range_map_caption = }}

The '''Trinidad white-fronted capuchin''' is a subspecies ('''''Cebus albifrons trinitatis''''') or species ('''''Cebus trinitatis''''') of gracile capuchin monkey. It is found on the island of Trinidad.

== Taxonomy ==

Boubli ''et al''. found in a 2012 study that the capuchins on Trinidad had derived from within ''C.&nbsp;olivaceus brunneus'' (or more specifically, the mitochondrial genes of the single Trinidad specimen they sampled derived from ''brunneus'').<ref name="all2">{{cite book|author=Miller, Lynne E.|title=All the World's Primates|publisher=Pogonias Press|year=2016|isbn=978-1-940496-06-1|editor=Rowe, Noel|page=283|editor2=Myers, Marc}}</ref><ref name="boubli">{{cite journal|author=Boubli, Jean P.|display-authors=etal|year=2012|title=''Cebus'' Phylogenetic Relationships: A Preliminary Reassessment of the Diversity of the Untufted Capuchin Monkeys|url=http://socgen.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/CebusPhylogeneticRelationships.pdf|journal=American Journal of Primatology|volume=74|issue=4|pages=1–13|doi=10.1002/ajp.21998|pmid=22311697|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304103046/http://socgen.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/CebusPhylogeneticRelationships.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-04|access-date=2018-12-30|s2cid=12171529}}</ref><ref name="handbook2">{{cite book|author=Mittermeier, Russell A.|title=Handbook of the Mammals of the World: Volume 3, Primates|author2=Rylands, Anthony B.|publisher=Lynx|year=2013|isbn=978-84-96553-89-7|editor=Mittermeier, Russell A.|pages=410–411|editor2=Rylands, Anthony B.|editor3=Wilson, Don E.}}</ref> However, the morphological distinctiveness of Trinidad populations has led to doubts over its taxonomic position. Further complicating this taxonomy is the fact that subsequent morphological inspection of the ''C.&nbsp;brunneus'' specimens used for the study found them to be distinct from the actual type specimen of ''C.&nbsp;brunneus''.<ref>{{Cite iucn |last1=Urbani |first1=B. |last2=Boubli |first2=J.P. |last3=Lynch Alfaro |first3=J.W. |year=2021 |title=''Cebus brunneus'' |article-number=e.T81237954A17981252 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T81237954A17981252.en |access-date=4 September 2022}}</ref> Due to this controversy, taxonomic authorities take differing views on the Trinidad capuchins; the IUCN Red List classifies them as a distinct, critically endangered species (''C.&nbsp;trinitatis''), the American Society of Mammalogists recognizes them as conspecific with ''C.&nbsp;brunneus'', and the ITIS considers them a subspecies of the Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin (''C.&nbsp;a.&nbsp;trinitatis'').<ref>{{Cite ITIS |taxon= Cebus albifrons|id=572975|access-date=2021-12-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite mdd|title=Explore the Database|url=https://www.mammaldiversity.org/explore.html#species-id=1000830|access-date=2021-12-07|website=www.mammaldiversity.org}}</ref> Furthermore, the ITIS listing for ''C.&nbsp;a.&nbsp;trinitatis'' notes: {{quote|Anthony Rylands (email dated 8 March, 2021) indicates that ''Cebus albifrons trinitatis'' Pusch, 1942 should no longer be considered a junior synonym of ''C.&nbsp;brunneus'' Allen, 1914, due to reconsideration of the specimens used in Boubli et al. (2012). New work on the genus is pending which will address this.}}

== Habitat and distribution == The Trinidad white-fronted capuchin is found on the island of Trinidad.<ref name=handbook>{{cite book|title=Handbook of the Mammals of the World: Volume 3, Primates|year=2013|isbn=978-84-96553-89-7|publisher=Lynx| editor=Mittermeier, Russell A. |editor2=Rylands, Anthony B. |editor3=Wilson, Don E. | author=Mittermeier, Russell A. | author2 =Rylands, Anthony B. |pages=408–409}}</ref><ref name=all>{{cite book|title=All the World's Primates|author=Phillips, Kimberley A. | author2 = Jack, Katherine M. |editor=Rowe, Noel |editor2=Myers, Marc|page=282|year=2016|publisher=Pogonias Press|isbn=978-1-940496-06-1}}</ref> It prefers primary forest but is also found in various types of secondary forest.<ref name=handbook/> It tends to prefer moister and less disturbed forest than other capuchin species.<ref name=handbook/>

The Trinidad white-fronted capuchin is classified as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, having a population of only 50 mature individuals.<ref name="iucn">{{Cite iucn |last1=Seyjagat |first1=J. |last2=Biptah |first2=N. |last3=Ramsubage |first3=S. |last4=Lynch Alfaro |first4=J.W. |year=2021 |title=''Cebus trinitatis'' |article-number=e.T4085A115560059 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T4085A115560059.en |access-date=4 September 2022}}</ref>

==References== {{reflist}}

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Category:Capuchin monkeys Category:Mammals of the Caribbean Category:Mammals of Trinidad and Tobago Category:Subspecies Category:Mammals described in 1942