Canada Water station

{{short description|London Underground and London Overground station}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}} {{Use British English|date=August 2012}} {{Infobox London station | name = Canada Water | symbol=underground|symbol2=overground | image_name = Canada Water stn in 2024 08.jpg | caption = Cylindrical main station entrance | manager = [[London Underground]] | owner=[[Transport for London]] | fare_zone = 2 | locale = [[Canada Water]] | borough = [[London Borough of Southwark]] | original = [[London Regional Transport]] | years1=19 August 1999 | events1=East London line opened | years2=17 September 1999 | events2=Jubilee line opened | years3=23 December 2007 | events3=East London line services as part of London Underground withdrawn | years4=27 April 2010<ref name="BBC">[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/london/8620188.stm BBC London:The new East London Line opens to the public]. Retrieved 27 April 2010</ref> | events4=East London line services as part of London Overground begin | platforms= 4  | railexits2021 = {{decrease}} 5.576 | railexits2122 = {{increase}} 13.645 | railexits2223 = {{increase}} 16.226 | raillowint2223 = {{pad|1em}}{{nochange}} 914 | railexits2324 = {{increase}} 17.517 | raillowint2324 = {{pad|1em}}{{increase}} 6,339 | railexits2425 = {{increase}} 18.669 | raillowint2425 = {{pad|1em}}{{decrease}} 3,719 | access = yes | access_note = <ref>{{citation step free tube map}}</ref> | railcode = ZCW | coordinates = {{coord|51.498333|-0.05|type:railwaystation_region:GB|display=inline,title}} }} '''Canada Water''' is an [[interchange station]] in [[London]]. It is on the [[Jubilee line]] of the [[London Underground]] and the [[Windrush line]] of the [[London Overground]], and is in [[London fare zone 2]]. The station is in [[Rotherhithe]] in the London borough of [[London Borough of Southwark|Southwark]]. It takes its name from [[Canada Water]], a lake which was created from a former dock in the [[Port of London]]. London Overground services commenced on 27 April 2010, as the replacement extension of the historic [[East London line|East London tube line]].

==History== Canada Water was originally intended to be a stop on the aborted [[Jubilee line|Fleet line Extension]] to [[Thamesmead]]. The extension was never built, but Canada Water became the only projected Fleet line Extension station to be realised on the [[Jubilee Line Extension]].<ref name="Powell">Kenneth Powell. ''The Jubilee Line Extension: A Celebration'', p. 84. Laurence King, 2000. {{ISBN|1-85669-184-5}}</ref>

The station is a wholly new building on a derelict site formerly occupied by Albion Dock, part of the old [[Surrey Commercial Docks]].<ref name="Powell" /> The station was one of the first designed for the Jubilee line Extension. The contract for the station's construction was initially awarded to [[George Wimpey|Wimpey]] in 1993 for £21.3 million and was later taken over by [[Tarmac Limited|Tarmac]].<ref name="Mitchell2">Bob Mitchell. ''Jubilee Line Extension: From Concept to Completion'', pp. 169-172. Thomas Telford, 2003</ref> Construction began in 1995. It proved extremely challenging, requiring the excavation (by [[cut-and-cover]]) of a void {{convert|150|m|ft|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|23|m|ft|abbr=on}} wide and {{convert|22|m|ft|abbr=on}} deep. The building of the [[East London line]] station required a separate slot at right angles, {{convert|130|m|ft|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|13|m|ft|abbr=on}} deep and tapering in width, incorporating a Victorian railway tunnel. Construction was complicated by the high water table on the site, which is located on the Thames flood plain; extensive deep-well dewatering was required to lower the water table before the enclosure to the excavations could be built. A total of {{convert|120000|m3||0|abbr=on}} of spoil had to be excavated. An additional complication was the location of the excavation site, near the foundations of two existing 22-storey tower blocks and the northern end of the former Canada Dock, now the ornamental lake [[Canada Water]]. The section of East London line running through the station was completely reconstructed, with the 19th-century brick railway tunnel being dismantled and the track relaid over a new structure bridging the Jubilee line tracks below. As the East London line had to be closed for this work, London Underground took the opportunity to carry out other remedial works such as repairs to the [[Thames Tunnel]], a short distance to the north.<ref name="Bennett">David Bennett, Dennis Gilbert, Roland Paoletti. ''Architecture of the Jubilee Line Extension'', p. 64-71. Thomas Telford, 2004. {{ISBN|0-7277-3088-6}}</ref>

It was opened on 19 August 1999, served initially by East London line trains. The Jubilee line passenger service from the station began on 17 September that year.<ref>Horne, M: ''The Jubilee Line'', page 80. Capital Transport Publishing, 2000.</ref>

In 2012, it was used as a filming location for part of the pilot episode of the [[BBC]]/[[Cinemax]] British-American spy drama, [[Hunted (2012 TV series)|''Hunted'' (TV series)]].

Canada Water was the first station to receive external sponsorship; [[Nestlé]] sponsored the station on the day of the [[2015 London Marathon]], and roundels in the station were edited to advertise Nestlé's [[Buxton water|Buxton Water]]. The one-day sponsorship was part of a plan to increase [[Transport for London]]'s non-fare revenue, costing Nestlé £110,000.<ref>{{cite web|author=Ben Tufft |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/canada-water-underground-to-be-renamed-buxton-water-for-london-marathon-day-10199174.html |title=Canada Water underground to be renamed Buxton Water for London Marathon day |work=The Independent|date=23 April 2015 |access-date=14 July 2017}}</ref>

==Architecture== {{stack|{{multiple image | align =left | direction = horizontal | footer = Canada Water station | footer_align = center | image1 = cmglee_London_Canada_Water_station.jpg | width1 = {{#expr: (150 * 1600 / 1200) round 0}} | alt1 = | caption1 = Station viewed from the roof of Canada Water library | image2 = canada water drum.jpg | width2 = {{#expr: (150 * 450 / 600) round 0}} | alt2 = | caption2 = Below-ground view of the "drum" }} }}

The station, which was the first to be designed in the Jubilee line Extension project, has been described by the [[Hong Kong]] [[MTR]]'s chief architect [[Roland Paoletti]] as "the only station on the JLE that has been built to the strict engineering economies of the specification of a Hong Kong interchange station." Above ground, its most salient feature is a striking glass "drum" {{convert|25|m|ft|abbr=on}} across, which covers a deep opening descending almost to the Jubilee line platforms, {{convert|22|m|ft|abbr=on}} below the surface. This feature was designed to allow natural light to reach deep into the station, a design principle common to many of the stations on the Jubilee line Extension. The drum was designed and constructed by [[Buro Happold]].<ref name="Bennett" /> It is notably similar to the brick drum designed by [[Charles Holden]] for {{stl|LUL|Arnos Grove}} station on the [[Piccadilly line]] in the 1930s, but is much more oriented towards the entry of daylight.<ref>Derek Phillips, Carl Gardner. ''Daylighting: Natural Light in Architecture''. Elsevier, 2004. {{ISBN|0-7506-6323-5}}</ref>

The drum is accompanied by a glass-roofed [[Canada Water bus station|bus station]] designed by [[Eva Jiřičná]] which serves as a hub for services in the [[Rotherhithe]] and [[Bermondsey]] areas. The bus station was designed to fit in a relatively small site between the station drum, the railway's ventilation openings, a high wall and the adjoining tower blocks. Its most distinctive feature is a row of {{convert|16|m|ft|abbr=on}}-long roof spans cantilevered from a row of central columns supporting a {{convert|100|m|ft|abbr=on}}-long glass and aluminium canopy. This provides acoustic protection to the residential blocks and shelters passengers waiting below.<ref name="Mitchell2" />

Below ground, the station is dominated by a huge concrete box, large enough to accommodate one of the [[Canary Wharf]] skyscrapers on its side. It is lined by a series of huge concrete pillars designed to take the weight of a planned nine-storey building on the surface as well as the roadway and bus station.<ref name="Bennett" /> The station has four lifts and eight escalators with an average rise of about {{convert|6.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} to connect the lower parts of the station with street level. It is built on three levels: the ticket office and shops lie immediately below ground, the two north-south Windrush line platforms are situated on the second level {{convert|11|m|ft|abbr=on}} below the ground, and the two east-west Jubilee line platforms are on the lowest level {{convert|22|m|ft|abbr=on}} down.

The station was the winner of the [[Civic Trust Awards|Civic Trust]] Building of the Year Award for 2000, and the Interchange Awards' Medium Size Project of the Year award for 2001.<ref>Mitchell, p. 356.</ref>

==Connections== [[London Buses]] routes [[London Buses route 1|1]], [[London Buses route 47|47]], [[London Buses route 188|188]], [[London Buses route 199|199]], [[London Buses route 225|225]], [[London Buses route 381|381]], [[London Buses route C10|C10]], [[London Buses route P12|P12]] and night routes [[London Buses route N199|N199]] and [[London Buses route N381|N381]] serve the station and [[Canada Water bus station|bus station]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://content.tfl.gov.uk/bus-route-maps/canada-water-and-surrey-quays-a4-290423.pdf|title=Buses from Canada Water and Surrey Quays|date=29 April 2023|website=TfL|access-date=29 April 2023|archive-date=29 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230429164536/https://content.tfl.gov.uk/bus-route-maps/canada-water-and-surrey-quays-a4-290423.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Services== {{Overground RDT}} The station currently is served off peak during the day by 24 [[Jubilee line]] trains per hour, increasing to 30 in the peak, and 16 [[Windrush line]] trains per hour at all times. On Friday and Saturday nights, the station receives 6 Jubilee line trains per hour and 4 Windrush line trains per hour. Canada Water is the busiest two-platform [[National Rail]] station, with 25 million entries and exits to the Overground platforms in 2017–18.<ref>ORR statistics as per infobox</ref>

There is a scissors crossover to the south of the [[London Overground]] platforms to enable trains to terminate there.

{{Adjacent stations |system1=London Underground |line1=Jubilee|left1=Bermondsey|right1=Canary Wharf |system2=London Overground |line2=Windrush|left2=Rotherhithe|right2=Surrey Quays |header3=Former Service  |system4=London Underground |line4=East London|left4=Rotherhithe|right4=Surrey Quays|note-mid4=(1999-2007) }}

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== {{commons category|Canada Water station}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20040902171830/http://www.ejal.com/PAGES/1_4.html Eva Jiricna Architects - Canada Water Bus Station]

[[Category:Jubilee line stations]] [[Category:London Underground Night Tube stations]] [[Category:London Overground Night Overground stations]] [[Category:Tube stations in the London Borough of Southwark]] [[Category:Railway stations in the London Borough of Southwark]] [[Category:Transport architecture in London]] [[Category:Railway stations served by London Overground]] [[Category:Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1999]] [[Category:Railway stations located underground in the United Kingdom]] [[Category:Windrush line stations]]