{{Short description|Genus of spiders}} {{Automatic taxobox | taxon = Calommata | image = Calommata signata 436313500.jpg | image_caption = ''C. signata'' in burrow (Japan) | image2 = Calommata_megae_-_Calommata_species_(cropped).jpg | image2_caption = ''C. megae'' | authority = Lucas, 1837<ref name=NMBE /> | type_species = ''C. fulvipes'' | type_species_authority = (Lucas, 1835) | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = 16, see text }}
'''''Calommata''''' is a genus of purseweb spiders first described by Hippolyte Lucas in 1837.<ref name=Luca1837 />
==Description== The carapace is glabrous and yellowish brown with darker stains on the cephalic region. The cephalic region is strongly arched, and the fovea is deep and bipartite. Eight eyes are situated on a compact transverse tubercle near the fovea.<ref name="fourie2011" />
The opisthosoma is dull greyish brown to yellowish brown with an irregularly shaped dorsal sclerite. The legs are pale yellowish brown, with leg I greatly reduced in size, especially the femur in females. Males have longer and more slender legs than females. The legs lack spines but have small spinules, and the tarsal claws are raised on a common process. Female pedipalps have the tibiae and tarsi slightly flattened.<ref name="fourie2011" />
==Behavior and ecology== ''Calommata'' species construct silk-lined burrows 25-30 cm deep with the top part excavated to form a small surface chamber that is crater-like in shape. Their burrows are slightly raised above the ground and neatly rounded off from the inner rim, gradually sloping outwards and downwards to ground level. The outer surface is covered by earth that resembles the surroundings.<ref name="dippenaar-atypidae" />
==Distribution and species== The genus has a wide distribution across Africa and Asia. The African species were revised by Fourie et al. (2011).<ref name="fourie2011" />
==Species== {{as of|2025|9}} it contains sixteen species:<ref name="NMBE" /> *''Calommata fulvipes'' <small>(Lucas, 1835)</small> (type) – Indonesia (Java, Sumatra) *''Calommata hangzhica'' <small>F. Li & Xu, 2022</small> – China *''Calommata jinggangica'' <small>F. Li & Xu, 2022</small> – China *''Calommata megae'' <small>Fourie, Haddad & Jocqué, 2011</small> – Zimbabwe *''Calommata meridionalis'' <small>Fourie, Haddad & Jocqué, 2011</small> – South Africa *''Calommata namibica'' <small>Fourie, Haddad & Jocqué, 2011</small> – Namibia *''Calommata obesa'' <small>Simon, 1886</small> – Thailand *''Calommata pichoni'' <small>Schenkel, 1963</small> – China *''Calommata signata'' <small>Karsch, 1879</small> – China, Korea, Japan *''Calommata simoni'' <small>Pocock, 1903</small> – West, Central, East Africa *''Calommata sundaica'' <small>(Doleschall, 1859)</small> – Indonesia (Java, Sumatra), Israel *''Calommata tamdaoensis'' <small>Zha, Pham & Li, 2012</small> – Vietnam *''Calommata tibialis'' <small>Fourie, Haddad & Jocqué, 2011</small> – Ivory Coast, Togo *''Calommata transvaalica'' <small>(Hewitt, 1916)</small> – South Africa *''Calommata truculenta'' <small>(Thorell, 1887)</small> – Myanmar *''Calommata yuanjiangica'' <small>F. Li & Xu, 2022</small> – China
==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name="NMBE">{{cite journal|year=2022|title=Gen. Calommata Lucas, 1837|url=http://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/genus/432|publisher=Natural History Museum Bern|doi=10.24436/2|website=World Spider Catalog|accessdate=2025-09-19}}</ref> <ref name="dippenaar-atypidae">{{cite journal | last1=Dippenaar-Schoeman | first1=A.S. | last2=Haddad | first2=C.R. | last3=Foord | first3=S.H. | last4=Lotz | first4=L.N. | year=2020 | title=South African National Survey of Arachnida Photo Identification Guide: The Atypidae of South Africa | journal=Version 1 | pages=1–7 | doi=10.5281/zenodo.6032638}}{{Creative Commons text attribution notice|cc=by4}}</ref> <ref name="fourie2011">{{cite journal | last1=Fourie | first1=R. | last2=Haddad | first2=C.R. | last3=Jocqué | first3=R. | year=2011 | title=A revision of the purse-web spider genus Calommata Lucas, 1837 (Araneae, Atypidae) in the Afrotropical region | journal=ZooKeys | issue=95 | pages=1–28 | doi=10.3897/zookeys.95.745 | pmid=21594067 | pmc=3095129 | bibcode=2011ZooK...95....1F | doi-access=free }}{{Creative Commons text attribution notice|cc=by4|from this source=yes}}</ref> <ref name=Luca1837>{{cite journal| last=Lucas| first=H.| year=1837| title=Observations sur les aranéides du genre ''Pachyloscelis'', et synonymie de ce genre.| journal=Annales de la Société Entomologique de France| pages=369–392| volume=6}}</ref> }}
{{Taxonbar |from=Q98786}}
Category:Atypidae Category:Mygalomorphae genera Category:Spiders of Africa Category:Spiders of Asia
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