Callao District

{{Short description|District of Callao, Peru}}{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2023}}{{Other uses|Callao (disambiguation)}}{{Infobox settlement | name = Callao | native_name = | native_name_lang = es | settlement_type = [[Districts of Peru|District]] | image_skyline = Vista aérea de la Iglesia Matriz del Callao.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_flag = Bandera del Callao.png | flag_alt = | image_shield = Escudo del Callao.png | shield_alt = | nickname = | image_map = Location of the district Callao in Callao (2).png | mapsize = frameless | map_alt = | map_caption = Location in Callao | coordinates = | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Peru}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Peru|Province]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Callao]] | parts_type = [[Subnational entity|Subdivisions]] | parts_style = para | p1 = 1 populated center | established_title = Founded | established_date = August 20, 1836 | seat_type = Capital | seat = [[Callao]] | leader_party = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Pedro López Barrios <br><small>(2019–2022)</small> | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 45.65 | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 7 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 451260 | population_as_of = 2017 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_note = | timezone1 = [[Time in Peru|PET]] | utc_offset1 = -5 | blank_name_sec1 = [[UBIGEO]] | blank_info_sec1 = 070101 | website ={{url|municallao.gob.pe}} | footnotes = }} '''Callao''' is a [[Districts of Peru|district]] of [[Callao]], [[Peru]]. Its creation dates back to 1836, and its territory currently includes [[Jorge Chávez International Airport]] and the [[Port of Callao]], the country's main [[seaport]]. Consequently, Callao is the largest [[port of entry]] to Peru.

==History== In 1956, it expanded to the [[Cono Norte|north]], encompassing latifunds, lands and estates that belonged to the [[San Martín de Porres District]] and the [[Carabayllo District]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 22, 2020|title=22 de Mayo: Creación del distrito de San Martin de Porres|url=http://noticias.laiglesiadejesucristo.org/articulo/22-de-mayo-creaci%C3%B3n-del-distrito-de-san-martin-de-porres?country=peru|access-date=2020-12-29|website=noticias.laiglesiadejesucristo.org|language=es}}</ref> During this expansion, the [[Jorge Chávez International Airport]] is built.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aeropuerto Jorge Chávez: cuando nace un aeródromo|url=https://elperuano.pe/noticia/88305-aeropuerto-jorge-chavez-cuando-nace-un-aerodromo|access-date=2020-12-29|website=elperuano.pe|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Distrito de San Martín de Porres: Análisis y actualidad. - Fhaunt.com|url=https://fhaunt.com/blog/distrito-de-san-martin-de-porres-analisis-y-actualidad/|access-date=2020-12-29|website=fhaunt.com |language=es-PE}}</ref>

==Politics== The district is administered by the provincial municipality, which differs from its [[Regional Government of Callao|regional government]], also headquartered in the district.

===List of mayors=== {{See|Callao#List of mayors}} Since 2023, the incumbent mayor is [[Pedro Spadaro]].

==Geography== ===Boundaries=== The [[Chillón River]] marks the district's northern border with [[Ventanilla District|Ventanilla]]. On the east, the Callao district is bordered by the [[Carmen de la Legua Reynoso District|Carmen de la Legua-Reynoso]] as well as the [[Lima Province]]'s districts of [[San Martín de Porres District|San Martín de Porres]] and [[Lima District|Lima]]. The [[Bellavista District|Bellavista]] and the [[La Perla District|La Perla]] districts are located to the southeast, while [[La Punta District|La Punta]] borders the district on the west. The Pacific Ocean borders the province on the west and south.

=== Territorial dispute === In 1956, due to the expansion of the [[Constitutional Province of Callao]] over the territory of the [[Lima Province]] through Law No. 125382, two conflict zones emerged, one with the [[Lima District]] and the other with the [[San Martín de Porres District]]. This dispute arose from the imprecision in the wording of the boundaries and the lack of cartography of the law, in addition to the disappearance of the original stone milestones due to the urbanization process. The conflict or indetermination of limits remains in force, as it corresponds to a district-provincial struggle, and is waiting to be fully defined by the [[Metropolitan Municipality of Lima]], the Regional Government of Callao, the Provincial Municipality of Callao, the Municipality of San Martín de Porres, the [[Presidency of the Council of the European Union|Presidency of the Council of Ministers]] and the [[Congress of the Republic of Peru|Congress of the Republic]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Regional Government of Callao |title=Diagnosis for the sanitation and determination of territorial limits in the constitutional province of Callao |url=https://cdn.www.gob.pe/uploads/document/file/3614463/Diagnostico%20Para%20El%20Saneamiento%20Y%20Determinaci%C3%B3n%20De%20Limites%20Territoriales%20En%20La%20Provincia%20Constitucional%20Del%20Callao%20-%20Febrero%202006.pdf |language=es-pe}}</ref>

==== Conflict with Lima District ==== The area in territorial conflict with the district of Lima has a linear extension of 0.35 kilometers and is mainly located in a section of Moreau street between Argentina and Benavides avenues. The areas in dispute are for residential, commercial and industrial use, they are developed in two blocks of this street, which the [[Metropolitan Municipality of Lima]] currently provides services in addition to having carried out the corresponding numbering and signage.

==== Conflict with San Martin de Porres District ==== [[File:Conflicto territorial San Martin de Porres y Callao.png|thumb|225x225px|Disputed area of the Callao District and the [[San Martín de Porres District|San Martin de Porres District]].]] The area in territorial conflict with the San Martin de Porres district has a linear extension of approximately 11 kilometers and is located in two segments between the summit of Cerro Márquez to Cerro La Regla and from the eastern edge of Cerro La Regla to the Rímac River.

The first mentioned segment begins between passing through the summit of Cerro Márquez until entering Cerro La Regla. In this area, since 2000, settlements and urbanizations have been developed such as Floresta de Oquendo, Villas de Oquendo, Costa Azul, Palmeras de Oquendo, among others that are located between Alameda Central and Bertello avenues and archaeological sites such as the Inca Palace of Oquendo.

The second mentioned segment is from the eastern edge of Cerro La Regla moving south, crossing the [[Rímac River]] until reaching Colonial Avenue. In this area, since 1980, the El Álamo, Las Fresas, Sesquicentenario, Industrial Bocanegra, Santa Rosa, Bocanegra urbanizations have been developed, among others, which are located between Cuzco and Faucett avenues, close to the [[Jorge Chávez International Airport|Jorge Chávez Airport]].<ref name=":2" />

==See also== *[[Administrative divisions of Peru]]

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060417192938/http://www.gmcweb.net/todocallao/index.htm Todo Callao] (in Spanish)

{{Coord|12.0523|S|77.1391|W|source:wikidata-and-enwiki-cat-tree_region:PE|display=title}}

[[Category:Districts of Callao]] [[Category:Central business districts]]