{{Infobox Italian comune | name = Calangianus | official_name = Comune di Calangianus | native_name = {{nativename|sc|Calanzanos}}<br>{{nativename|sdn|Caragnani}} | image_skyline = Calangianus - Panorama (03).JPG | imagesize = | image_alt = | image_caption = View of Calangianus | image_shield = | shield_alt = | image_map = | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Italy Sardinia | coordinates = {{coord|40|55|N|9|12|E|type:city(4,572)_region:IT|display=inline}} | coordinates_footnotes = | region = [[Sardinia]] | province = [[Province of Gallura North-East Sardinia|Gallura North-East Sardinia]] | frazioni = | mayor_party = | mayor = Fabio Albieri | area_footnotes =<ref name="area">{{cite web|url=https://www.istat.it/it/archivio/156224|title=Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011|language=it|publisher=[[Italian National Institute of Statistics|ISTAT]]}}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 126.84 | population_footnotes = <ref name="population">{{cite web|title=Resident population|url=https://demo.istat.it/app/?i=POS&l=en|publisher=[[Italian National Institute of Statistics|ISTAT]]}}</ref> | population_total = 3692 | population_as_of = 2026 | population_demonym = Calangianesi | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 518 |istat=| saint = | day = | postal_code = 07023 | area_code = 079 | website = {{official website|http://www.comune.calangianus.ot.it/}} | footnotes = }} '''Calangianus''' ({{IPA|it|kalanˈdʒaːnus|lang}}; {{langx|sc|Calanzanos}} {{IPA|sc|kalanˈdzanɔzɔ|}}; {{langx|sdn|Caragnani}} {{IPA|sdn|karaˈɲanj|}}) is a town and ''[[comune]]'' (municipality) in the [[Province of Gallura North-East Sardinia]] in the autonomous island region of [[Sardinia]] in [[Italy]], located about {{convert|190|km|mi}} north of [[Cagliari]] and about {{convert|25|km|mi}} west of [[Olbia]]. It has 3,692 inhabitants.<ref name="population" />
Calangianus is surrounded by large [[cork (material)|cork]] woods, for whose work was described as "Cork's Capital".
==History== {{stack|[[File:Chiesa parrocchiale di Santa Giusta, Calangianus.jpg|thumb|Church of St. Just]]}} The territory of Calangianus has been inhabited since the [[Bronze Age]], and was also settled during the [[Roma Republic]] and the [[Roman Empire]]. This was proved by the discovery of a multitude of historical piece and archeological sites. Among them are the [[Tombs of the Giants of Pascaredda]], the Fountain "Li Paladini" and 9 "[[nuraghe|nuraghi]]", but five of them are destroyed.
In the [[Middle Ages]], Calangianus belonged to the [[Giudicato of Gallura]], and was later ruled by the Aragonese and the Spanish Empire. In the 17th century Calangianus has an important repopulation after several epidemics that scourged Sardinia, and became the second city of Gallura for population. In 1771 it became autonomous. In the early 19th century some entrepreneurs moved to Calangianus, and they transformed the cork forests of Calangianus into a source of wealth. In time, nearly the entire population of Calangianus was working on cork.
The 20th century marked a turning point for Calangianus economic. In the second half of the century Calangianus was home to 300 industries, a number that by 2012 had increased to 677.
Calangianus in 1977 held its first exhibition of cork, and in 1987 obtained the title of one of the hundred most industrialized municipalities of Italy.
== Demographics == As of 2026, the population is 3,692, of which 49.9% are male, and 50.1% are female. Minors make up 10.9% of the population, and seniors make up 30.1%.<ref name="population" /> {{Historical populations|1861|1543|1871|1678|1881|1893|1901|2583|1911|3004|1921|3038|1931|3351|1936|3552|1951|4293|1961|4472|1971|4315|1981|4505|1991|4679|2001|4642|2011|4267|2021|3853|cols=2|align=none|source=[[National Institute of Statistics (Italy)|ISTAT]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Popolazione residente dei comuni. Censimenti dal 1861 al 1991|trans-title=Resident population of the municipalities. Censuses from 1861 to 1991|url=https://ebiblio.istat.it/digibib/Censimenti%20popolazione/Censimentipopolazioneresidentedal1861/RML0050288Pop_res_cens_1861_1991.pdf|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251112200324/https://ebiblio.istat.it/digibib/Censimenti%20popolazione/Censimentipopolazioneresidentedal1861/RML0050288Pop_res_cens_1861_1991.pdf |archive-date=2025-11-12|lang=it|publisher=[[National Institute of Statistics (Italy)|ISTAT]]}}</ref><ref name="timeseries">{{cite web |title=Resident population - Time series|url=https://esploradati.istat.it/databrowser/#/en/censpop/dashboards|publisher=[[National Institute of Statistics (Italy)|ISTAT]]}}</ref>}}
=== Immigration === As of 2025, immigrants make up 6.2% of the total population. The 5 largest foreign countries of birth are [[Morocco]], [[Romania]], [[Argentina]], [[France]], and [[Senegal]].<ref name="foreignborn">{{cite web |title=Resident population by sex, municipality and citizenship |url=https://demo.istat.it/app/?i=RCS&a=&l=en |publisher=[[Italian National Institute of Statistics|ISTAT]]}}</ref>
==Main sights== [[File:Piazza_del_popolo_di_Calangianus.jpg|thumb|Square of Calangianus]] *Church of St. Just, built in the 17th century. It is an example of architecture typical of Gallura, completely built of granite and decorated to the smallest detail. *Church of Santa Maria degli Angeli, built in the 18th century next to the convent of the Capuchin friars. The convent is home to the cork museum. *The church of Santa Croce and the Oratory Our Lady of the Rosary (16th century). The Our Lady of the Rosary chapel houses the Museum of Sacred Art. *The church of St. Anne, built in 1665, located in the charming old town of Calangianus. *The palace La Littranga (18th century) *The palace Corda, built in the nineteenth century by the first contractor of Calangianus cork.
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== {{commons category|Calangianus}} * [http://www.comune.calangianus.ot.it/ Official website] * [http://www.calangianus.eu/ www.calangianus.eu - Official Portal of Calangianus in Sardinia/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080423230316/http://www.calangianus.eu/ |date=2008-04-23 }}
{{Province of Gallura North-East Sardinia}} {{authority control}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in Sardinia]]
{{Sardinia-geo-stub}}