{{Short description|Cabildo of Spain}} {{Infobox government agency | name = Cabildo of Lima | native_name = Cabildo de la Ciudad de los Reyes | type = [[Cabildo (council)|Cabildo]] | seal = Old Coat of arms of Lima.svg | seal_size = 150 | image = Antiguo Palacio Municipal de Lima.jpg | image_caption = Former premises, {{circa}} 1890s. | formed = {{Start date|1535|01|22}} | dissolved = {{dts|1821|10|08}} | agency_type = Cabildo | jurisdiction = [[Intendancy of Lima]] | status = | headquarters = [[Plaza Mayor, Lima]], [[Viceroyalty of Peru|Peru]] | chief1_name = ''[[List of mayors of Lima|Alcalde Ordinario]]'' | chief1_position = [[Nicolás de Ribera]] <small>(first)</small> }} The '''Cabildo of Lima''' ({{langx|es|Cabildo de Lima; Cabildo de la Ciudad de los Reyes}}) was the [[Cabildo (council)|governing body]] of [[Lima]] and, since 1874, its [[Intendancy of Lima|intendancy]]. It was created four days after the creation of the city in 1535, existing until its suppression during the [[independence of Peru]] in 1821. It was headed by the ''[[List of mayors of Lima|Alcalde Ordinario]]''.
==History== Created on January 22, 1535, the foundation of the city and the constitution of the municipal government was confirmed almost a year later, by the ''[[Real Cédula]]'' of December 7, 1535. Its functions were administrative, judicial and economic. At the administrative level, it was in charge of presiding over public shows, supervising the cleanliness of the city, organizing the reception of the [[Viceroy of Peru|viceroys]], taking care of the decoration of the streets and [[Law enforcement in Peru|low-level police]]. As for judicial cases, they administered justice in the first instance and were in charge of the security police. Among the economic functions, the fixing of food prices and the control of the entry into the city of the necessary merchandise and the administration of income from real estate properties.<ref name=MML>{{Cite web |url=https://www.munlima.gob.pe/images/Historia-Municipalidad.pdf |title=Historia de la Municipalidad de Lima |website=[[Municipalidad de Lima]] |year=2005 |access-date=2024-02-24 |archive-date=2022-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006212316/https://www.munlima.gob.pe/images/Historia-Municipalidad.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
The cabildo was headquartered at the [[Municipal Palace of Lima|palace of the same name]], next to the city's [[Plaza Mayor, Lima|main square]], from 1584 to 1821.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Aniversario de Lima: Una visita al interior del Palacio Municipal de Lima |url=https://elcomercio.pe/lima/patrimonio/aniversario-de-lima-una-visita-al-interior-del-palacio-municipal-de-lima-infografia-noticia/ |date=2021-01-16 |work=[[El Comercio (Peru)|El Comercio]]}}</ref>
In 1564 the governor, [[captain general]] and president of the [[Real Audiencia of Lima]], [[Lope García de Castro]] ordered the suppression of the ''[[corregimiento]]s'' of Lima, [[Huamanga]], [[Huánuco]], [[Chachapoyas, Peru|Chachapoyas]], and [[San Miguel de Piura]], passing his authority to the ''[[Alcalde ordinario|alcaldes ordinarios]]'' of the ''cabildos''. Under the jurisdiction of the Cabildo of Lima was:<ref>{{Cite journal |title=La Intendencia de Puno: de circunscripción colonial a departamento de la República del Perú (1784-1824) |journal=[[Revista Complutense de Historia de América]] |url=https://biblioteca.ucm.es/revistas/ghi/11328312/articulos/RCHA9999110219A.PDF |last=Luque Talaván |first=Miguel |via=[[Universidad Complutense de Madrid]] |year=1999 |location=Madrid |issn=1132-8312 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014163000/https://biblioteca.ucm.es/revistas/ghi/11328312/articulos/RCHA9999110219A.PDF |archive-date=2023-10-14 |access-date=2024-02-24 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Diccionario histórico-biográfico del Perú |last=de Mendiburu |first=Manuel |publisher=Imprenta de J. Francisco Solis |year=1876 |location=Lima |language=es |url=https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra/diccionario-historicobiografico-del-peru-tomo-segundo--0/ |volume=2 |author-link=Manuel de Mendiburu}}</ref> *[[Huaylas District|Huaylas]] *[[Chancay]] (initially ''Villa de Arnedo'') *[[Ica, Peru|Ica]] *[[Jauja]] *[[Cajatambo]] (initially ''Ámbar y Cajatambo'') *[[Canta]] *[[Yauyos]] *[[Conchucos]] *[[Huamalíes Province|Huamalíes]] *[[Tarma]] *[[Santa, Peru|Santa]] *[[Huánuco]] *[[San Vicente de Cañete|Cañete]] (created in 1576) *[[Lima|Cercado de Lima]] (created in 1591) *''[[Huarochirí Province|Gobierno de Huarochirí]]'' (created in 1783) *''[[Callao|Gobierno del Callao]]''
The ''corregimientos'' were suppressed in 1784 by [[Charles III of Spain|Charles III]], as a consequence of the [[rebellion of Túpac Amaru II]] and replaced by the ''[[Intendencia indiana|intendencias]]''. With the ''corregimientos'' under the administration of the Cabildo of Lima, the ''intendencias'' of [[Intendancy of Lima|Lima]] and [[Intendancy of Tarma|Tarma]] were formed.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Retazos de la Historia de Moquegua |last=Kuong Cabello |first=Luis E. |publisher=Universidad de Moquegua |year=1982 |pages=67 |language=es |url=http://www.luiskuoncabello.com/retazos-de-moquegua.html}}</ref>
During the [[Peruvian War of Independence]], [[José de San Martín]] issued the ''Provisional Statute'' on October 8, 1821, which established the creation of republican municipalities, which in some structural and administrative aspects resembled the colonial council. In 1839 the municipal government ceased, delegating some functions to the Police Department. The municipalities would be reactivated with the promulgation of the Organic Law of Municipalities of November 29, 1856 during the government of [[Ramón Castilla]].<ref name=MML/>
==See also== *[[Real Audiencia of Lima]] *[[Metropolitan Municipality of Lima]]
==References== {{reflist}} {{Lima landmarks}} [[Category:Cabildos|Lima]] [[Category:1535 establishments in Spain]]