{{Short description|Most distant barred spiral galaxy observed to date}} {{Infobox galaxy | name = CEERS-2112 | epoch = J2000 | constellation name = [[Boötes]]<ref name="DJM-2008">{{cite web |author=Staff |title=Finding the constellation which contains given sky coordinates |url=http://djm.cc/constellation.html |date=2008 |work=DJM.cc |accessdate=4 August 2022 }}</ref> | ra = {{RA|14|19|55.18}} | dec = {{DEC|+52|59|31.1}} | z = 3.03 | h_radial_v = {{convert|986317|km/h|abbr=on}} | gal_v = {{convert|986440|km/h|abbr=on}} | dist_ly = {{convert|11.7|e9ly|e9pc|abbr=unit|lk=on}} (light travel distance) <br /> ~{{convert|20|e9ly|e9pc|abbr=unit|lk=on}} <br />(comoving distance) | type = SBbc <!-- Same as the Milky Way --> | mass = {{val|3.9|e=9}} | size = {{convert|30|kly|kpc|abbr=on|lk=on}} <!-- Estimated --> | size_v = 0.009 x 0.005 [[Minute of arc|moa]] | names = CANDELS J141955.18+525931.0, SYM2017 30172 }}
'''CEERS-2112''' is the most distant [[barred spiral galaxy]] observed as of 2023.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Costantin |first1=L. |display-authors=etal |year=2023 |title=A Milky Way-like barred spiral galaxy at a redshift of 3 |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=623 |issue=7987 |pages=499–501 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06636-x |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06636-x|arxiv=2311.04283 |bibcode=2023Natur.623..499C |s2cid=265048621 }}</ref> The light observed from the galaxy was emitted when the [[universe]] was only 2.1 billion years old. It was determined to be similar in mass to the [[Milky Way]].
== Observations == The galaxy is located in the [[Extended Groth Strip]] cosmological field and it was identified as a barred spiral galaxy thanks to the observations of the [[NIRCam]] instrument onboard the [[James Webb Space Telescope]]. These observations were made in June 2022 as part of the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science ([[CEERS]]) survey and are publicly available for the general community.
== Morphology == CEERS-2112 is a barred spiral galaxy, resembling the structure of the Milky Way. It presents a concentration of stars moving on very elliptical orbits in its central region, which appears as an elongated structure (stellar bar), from which two faint spiral arms develop. In the local Universe,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Marinova |first1=I. |last2=Jogee |first2=S. |year=2007 |title=Characterizing Bars at z~0 in the Optical and NIR: Implications for the Evolution of Barred Disks with Redshift |journal=[[The Astrophysical Journal]] |volume=659 |issue=2 |pages=1176–1197 |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/512355 |doi=10.1086/512355|arxiv=astro-ph/0608039 |bibcode=2007ApJ...659.1176M |s2cid=16789909 }}</ref> about 70% of galaxies show this appearance, which is quite rare in the early Universe,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Le Conte |display-authors=etal |year=2023 |title=A JWST investigation into the bar fraction at redshifts 1 < z < 3 |journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]] |arxiv=2309.10038 }}</ref> where the percentage diminishes to about 5% at redshift z > 2.
== Stellar mass == The galaxy has a stellar mass of 3.9 billion times that of the [[Sun]], comparable with that of the Milky Way 11.7 billion years ago.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Papovich |first1=C. |display-authors=etal |year=2015 |title=ZFOURGE/CANDELS: On the Evolution of M* Galaxy Progenitors from z = 3 to 0.5 |journal=[[The Astrophysical Journal]] |volume=803 |issue=1 |pages=26–49 |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/26 |doi=10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/26|arxiv=1412.3806 |bibcode=2015ApJ...803...26P |s2cid=3960409 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sotillo-Ramos |first1=D. |display-authors=etal |year=2022 |title=The merger and assembly histories of Milky Way- and M31-like galaxies with TNG50: disc survival through mergers |journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]] |volume=516 |issue=4 |pages=5404–5427 |url=https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/516/4/5404/6702434 |doi=10.1093/mnras/stac2586|doi-access=free |arxiv=2211.00036 }}</ref>
== References == {{reflist}}
== External links == * CEERS public webpage: https://ceers.github.io * The Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (CEERS datasets): https://archive.stsci.edu/hlsp/ceers
{{Boötes}}
[[Category:Dwarf spiral galaxies]] [[Category:Barred spiral galaxies]] [[Category:Boötes]] [[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 2023]]