{{Short description|Canadian Coast Guard research vessel}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}} {{Infobox ship |section1={{Infobox ship/image | image = CCGS Hudson2.gif | image_caption = CCGS ''Hudson'' }}
|section2={{Infobox ship/career | hide_header = | country = Canada | flag = {{shipboxflag|Canada|coast guard}} | name = *''Hudson'' | namesake = Henry Hudson, explorer | operator = *Canadian Oceanographic Service *Canadian Coast Guard | registry = Ottawa | ordered = | awarded = | builder = Saint John Shipbuilding, Saint John | original_cost = | yard_number = 1046 | way_number = | laid_down = | launched = 28 March 1963 | sponsor = | christened = | completed = December 1963 | acquired = | commissioned = February 1964 | recommissioned = | decommissioned = 19 January 2022 | in_service = | renamed = | reclassified = | refit = 2017 | struck = | reinstated = | homeport = *CCG Base Dartmouth, Nova Scotia (Maritime Region) | identification = * CGDG * {{IMO|540279}} | motto = | nickname = | honours = | captured = | fate = Sold for scrap | notes = | badge = }}
|section3={{Infobox ship/characteristics | hide_header = | header_caption = | type = Oceanographic and hydrographic survey vessel | tonnage = * {{GT|3444}} * {{DWT|1150}} * {{NetT|1033}} | length = * {{convert|90.4|m|ftin|abbr=on}} oa. * {{convert|80.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pp. | beam = {{convert|15.4|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | draught = {{convert|6.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | ice_class = CASPPR Arctic Class 2 | propulsion = * Diesel electric DC/DC – 4 × Alco V16-251B diesel engine * 2 × fixed pitch propellers, {{convert|6469|kW|abbr=on}} * 2 × Caterpillar 398 generators (AC Electrical Distribution) | speed = {{convert|17|kn|lk=in}} | range = {{convert|23100|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10.5|kn|abbr=on}} | endurance = 105 days | complement = 31 | boats = 1 × RHIB | sensors = | EW = | armament = | armour = | aircraft = 1 × MBB Bo 105 helicopter | aircraft_facilities = * {{convert|28|m2|abbr=on}} hangar * {{convert|138|m2|abbr=on}} flight deck | notes = }} }}
'''CCGS ''Hudson'''''{{efn|CCGS stands for Canadian Coast Guard Ship}} was an offshore oceanographic and hydrographic survey vessel operated by the Canadian Coast Guard. The ship entered service in 1963 with the Canadian Oceanographic Service, stationed at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography, called CSS ''Hudson''. The ship made several significant scientific voyages, among them the first circumnavigation of the Americas in 1970. The ship was transferred to the Canadian Coast Guard in 1996 and decommissioned in 2022, and was later replaced by CCGS ''Naalak Nappaaluk''.
==Description== The first Canadian ship built specifically for hydrographic and oceanographic survey work, ''Hudson'' was designed by the Montreal firm of Gilmore, German and Milne.<ref name=dfo>{{cite web |url=http://www2.mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/review/2002/english/BIO_2002_in_Review.asp?n=14 |title=CCGS Hudson – A Snapshot of Historic Firsts |first=Richard |last=Smith |publisher=Department of Fisheries and Oceans |date=23 March 2005 |access-date=28 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031224639/http://www2.mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/review/2002/english/BIO_2002_in_Review.asp?n=14 |archive-date=31 October 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''Hudson'' is {{convert|90.4|m|ftin}} long overall and {{convert|80.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}} between perpendiculars with a beam of {{convert|15.4|m|ftin}} and a draught of {{convert|6.8|m|ftin}}{{sfn|Canadian Coast Guard}}{{sfn|Miramar Ship Index}} The ship has a tonnage of {{GT|3444|disp=long}}, {{DWT|1150|disp=long}} and a {{NetT|1033|disp=long}}.{{sfn|Canadian Coast Guard}}{{sfn|Miramar Ship Index}}{{efn|The Miramar Ship Index{{sfn|Miramar Ship Index}} and the Canadian Coast Guard{{sfn|Canadian Coast Guard}} have the same tonnage numbers, though the Miramar Ship Index uses as built numbers, giving it as {{GRT|3444|disp=long}}.}} ''Hudson'' is certified as Arctic class 2. The ship is powered by a diesel electric DC/DC system composed of four Alco 251B diesel engines for propulsion and two Caterpillar 398 generators for AC electrical distribution. The propulsion system, rated at {{convert|6469|kW|lk=on}}, drives two fixed pitch propellers and bow thrusters, giving the ship a maximum speed of {{convert|17|kn|lk=in}}. The ship is also equipped with one Caterpillar 398 emergency generator.{{sfn|Canadian Coast Guard}}{{sfn|Maginley|Collin|2001|p=245}} The ship has a fuel capacity of {{convert|1268.00|m3|impgal|abbr=on}} of diesel fuel, giving the ship a range of {{convert|23100|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|10.5|kn}} and an endurance of 105 days.{{sfn|Canadian Coast Guard}}
The ship is outfitted with a {{convert|138|m2|abbr=on}} flight deck and a {{convert|28|m2|abbr=on}} hangar and is capable of operating one light helicopter of either the MBB Bo 105 or Bell 206L types.{{sfn|Canadian Coast Guard}}{{sfn|Maginley|Collin|2001|p=245}} ''Hudson'' is equipped with one RHIB and has four laboratories. There is one {{convert|40|m2|abbr=on}} geo-chem lab, two {{convert|20|m2|abbr=on}} labs, one hydrographic and one oceanographic and one {{convert|18|m2|abbr=on}} general purpose lab. The ship has a complement of 31, comprising 11 officers and 20 crew, with 23 additional berths available.{{sfn|Canadian Coast Guard}}
==Service history== ''Hudson'' was constructed and funded by the Canadian Department of Energy, Mines and Resources on behalf of the Canadian Oceanographic Service.<ref name=dfo/> The ship was built by Saint John Shipbuilding at their shipyard in Saint John, New Brunswick with the yard number 1046. The vessel was launched on 28 March 1963 and completed in December later that year.{{sfn|Miramar Ship Index}} Named for the explorer Henry Hudson{{sfn|Canadian Coast Guard}} the ship entered service as CSS ''Hudson'',{{efn|CSS stands for Canadian Survey Ship}} in February 1964.<ref name=dfo/><ref name=bio>{{cite web |url=http://www.bio.gc.ca/facilities-installations/vessels-navires/ccgs-hudson-ngcc-en.php |title=CCGS Hudson |publisher=Bedford Institute of Oceanography |date=16 June 2015 |access-date=28 May 2017 |archive-date=28 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171128132336/http://www.bio.gc.ca/facilities-installations/vessels-navires/ccgs-hudson-ngcc-en.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> The ship is based at Dartmouth, Nova Scotia at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography.{{sfn|Canadian Coast Guard}}
During the 1960s, ''Hudson'' performed five surveys of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge as part of the world-wide study of continental drift.<ref name=bio/> The ship took part in Expo '67 and had satellite navigation installed, becoming the first ship outside the United States Navy to have the technology.<ref name=dfo/> In 1969, ''Hudson'' circumnavigated North America.{{sfn|Maginley|2003|p=125}} From November 1969 to October 1970, the vessel circumnavigated North and South America, starting in Nova Scotia, travelling south to Antarctic waters, around the southern tip of South America, north through the mid-Pacific and back to Nova Scotia through the Northwest Passage. ''Hudson'' was the first vessel to circumnavigate both continents.{{sfn|Maginley|Collin|2001|p=245}} While transiting, the ship carried out several experiments, among them studies of marine life along the east coast of the Americas, tidal current surveys of Chilean fjords and geographic discoveries in the Pacific Ocean.<ref name=dfo/> This voyage, in which over 100 scientists participated during various stages, was documented in the 1973 book ''"Voyage to the Edge of the World"'' by Alan Edmonds {{ISBN|0771030673}}.
During surveys of Canada's Arctic, ''Hudson'' employed a helicopter for the first time.{{sfn|Maginley|2003|p=79}} During the early 1970s, ''Hudson'' performed surveys of the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine.<ref name=dfo/> In March 1976, ''Hudson'' rescued the entire crew of the fishery patrol vessel ''Cape Freels'', which had been abandoned on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland after catching fire.<ref name=bio/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8EtdQwAACAAJ |title=Summary Report of Investigation Into the Circumstances Surrounding the Fire and Abandonment on March 12 and Subsequent Sinking on March 13, 1976, of the Fishery Patrol Vessel "Cape Freels" on the Grand Banks, Off Newfoundland |publisher=Marine Casualty Investigations |date=1976 |access-date=28 May 2017}}</ref> In the late 1970s, ''Hudson'' carried out the first survey of Baffin Bay.<ref name=bio/>
[[File:Hudson03.jpg|thumb|left|''Hudson'' searching for debris from Swissair Flight 111 in foreground]] In the 1980s and 1990s, ''Hudson'' took part in large surveys that were part of international programs such as the Joint Global Ocean Fluxes Study and World Ocean Circulation Experiment.<ref name=bio/> In 1980, ''Hudson'' circumnavigated North America.<ref name=dfo/> ''Hudson'' contributed significantly during recovery operations during the aftermath of the semi-submersible mobile offshore drilling unit {{ship||Ocean Ranger}} that sank in Eastern Canadian waters on 15 February 1982. ''Hudson'' saved all 24 crew members of MV ''Skipper 1'' in the North Atlantic on 29 April 1987. On 28 April 1988, an explosion was spotted by the crew over the horizon. When ''Hudson'' arrived on scene, they found the tanker ''Athenian Venture'' on fire and in two pieces. ''Hudson'' recovered only one body from among the wreckage.<ref name=dfo/>
In the 1990s, ''Hudson'' performed surveys in Greenland waters, Rankin Inlet and Chesterfield Inlet. During operations in Greenland waters, ice tore a {{convert|15|ft|m|adj=on|1}} gash in the hull of the ship. ''Hudson'' was forced to return to Canada for repairs. In 1996, ''Hudson'' joined the fleet of the Canadian Coast Guard.<ref name=dfo/> ''Hudson'' contributed to the recovery operations during the recovery operations of Swissair Flight 111 in the waters off of Peggy's Cove, Nova Scotia, Canada during the autumn months of 1998.<ref name=dfo/><ref name=UsnRescue>{{cite web| url=http://www.navy.mil/navydata/navy_legacy_hr.asp?id=285| title=U.S. Navy sends new underwater detection system to Halifax| publisher=United States Navy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100519193155/http://www.navy.mil/navydata/navy_legacy_hr.asp?id=285 |archive-date=19 May 2010 |access-date=2 August 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> From 1999 to 2001, ''Hudson'' performed surveys in the Sable Island region.<ref name=dfo/>
===Replacement and retirement=== In 2007 the Government of Canada announced several new shipbuilding projects for the Canadian Coast Guard, including a replacement for ''Hudson'', expected to be in service by 2012.<ref name="cbc">{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/scientific-ship-s-replacement-delayed-1.1210062 |title=Scientific ship's replacement delayed |work=CBC News |date=4 July 2012 |access-date=28 May 2017}}</ref> The ship rescued the seven-man crew of the fishing vessel ''Ocean Commander'' which burned and sank on 6 July 2009.<ref name=Telegraph>{{cite news| url=http://www.thetelegram.com/index.cfm?sid=267034&sc=79| title='Smoke, fire and a life-raft, that's all' Rescue Crew safe after fishing vessel burns at sea |date=7 July 2009 |first=James |last=McLeod |work=The Telegram |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225141910/http://www.thetelegram.com/index.cfm?sid=267034&sc=79 |archive-date=25 February 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The construction of the replacement for ''Hudson'' was delayed, forcing the Canadian Coast Guard to replace rusting plates aboard ''Hudson'' in 2012.<ref name="cbc"/> The repairs were completed in September 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://thechronicleherald.ca/metro/1311676-ccgs-hudson-good-to-go-after-repairs |title=CCGS Hudson good to go after repairs |last=Mellor |first=Claire |work=Halifax Chronicle Herald |date=17 September 2015 |access-date=28 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831183102/http://thechronicleherald.ca/metro/1311676-ccgs-hudson-good-to-go-after-repairs |archive-date=31 August 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''Hudson'' underwent a $4 million CAD refit beginning on 19 December 2016. The refit was performed by Heddle Marine at their shipyard in Hamilton, Ontario.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/canadian-coast-guard-ship-refit-months-behind-schedule-1.4265891 |title=$4M Canadian Coast Guard ship refit months behind schedule |work=CBC News |last=Withers |first=Paul |date=29 August 2017 |access-date=31 August 2017}}</ref> ''Hudson'' was towed out of Heddle Marine's shipyard to the Canada Centre for Inland Waters in Burlington, Ontario, a Government of Canada facility. The vessel's refit, scheduled to be finished in May 2017 was unfinished at the time of the ship's removal.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/government-canada-ccgs-hudson-coast-guard-hamilton-1.4344520 |title=Why Ottawa yanked a Coast Guard ship out of $4M refit |work=CBC News |last=Withers |first=Paul |date=6 October 2017 |access-date=7 October 2017}}</ref> ''Hudson'' returned to the East Coast on 14 November 2017 to ensure that the ship was out of the Saint Lawrence Seaway before it closed.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/hudson-research-vessel-halifax-port-1.4400732 |title=Canadian Coast Guard ship back in Halifax 6 months later than planned |last=Withers |first=Paul |work=CBC News |date=14 November 2017 |access-date=15 November 2017}}</ref> The ship underwent further refit at Halifax, which included modification to the cabins and laboratories. The ship is scheduled to return to service in April 2018.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/coast-guard-coasts-delayed-hudson-refit-1.4407288 |title=Costs pile up from delayed Canadian Coast Guard vessel refit |last=Withers |first=Paul |work=CBC News |date=20 November 2017 |access-date=20 November 2017}}</ref> On 12 February 2019, St. John's Dockyard Ltd. of St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador was awarded the contract to extend ''Hudson''{{'}}s service life by another five to ten years. ''Hudson'' began the six-month refit on 25 February.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/hudson-retrofit-contract-awarded-st-john-s-dockyard-1.5015831 |title=N.L. company gets $10M contract to refit 56-year-old coast guard ship |work=CBC News |last=Withers |first=Paul |date=12 February 2019 |access-date=25 April 2019}}</ref> On completion of her refit in mid-2020, the ship's retirement date was estimated as 2024.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/ccgs-hudson-resuming-service-2020-1.5645743 |title=Oldest Canadian Coast Guard ship to return to service after lengthy refit |work=CBC News |last=Withers |first=Paul |date=13 July 2020 |access-date=4 August 2020}}</ref> In 2021, further mechanical problems forced the curtailment of one mission and the cancellation of another.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/generator-failure-ccgs-hudson-1.6124822 |title=One mission cut short, one cancelled after generator failure aboard CCGS Hudson |work=CBC News |last=Withers |first=Paul |date=31 July 2021 |access-date=28 August 2021 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731094839/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/generator-failure-ccgs-hudson-1.6124822 |archive-date=31 July 2021 }}</ref> After suffering a starboard engine failure ''Hudson'' was decommissioned in January 2022. The replacement, {{ship|CCGS|Naalak Nappaaluk}}, is not scheduled for delivery until 2024–2025.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-coast-guard/news/2022/01/statement-from-the-canadian-coast-guard-decommissioning-of-the-ccgs-hudson.html |title=Statement from the Canadian Coast Guard: Decommissioning of the CCGS Hudson |publisher=Government of Canada |date=19 January 2022 |access-date=20 January 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title=Research Vessel for Scrap |magazine=Ships Monthly |date=February 2023 |page=8}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |publisher=Public Services and Procurement Canada |date=24 July 2024 |title=Offshore oceanographic science vessel |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/public-services-procurement/services/acquisitions/defence-marine/national-shipbuilding-strategy/projects/large-vessels/offshore-oceanographic-science.html |access-date=28 August 2024 |via=canada.ca}}</ref>
==See also== * {{ship|CFAV|Quest}} - Survey vessel in the Royal Canadian Navy
==Notes== {{notelist}}
==Citations== {{reflist}}
==Sources== * {{cite web |url=http://www.ccg-gcc.gc.ca/Fleet/Vessel?vessel_id=71 |title=CCG Fleet: Vessel Details – CCGS Hudson |publisher=Canadian Coast Guard |date= 24 March 2017 |accessdate=28 May 2017 |ref={{sfnref|Canadian Coast Guard}}}} * {{csr|register=MSI|id=5405279|shipname=Hudson|accessdate=28 May 2017 |ref={{sfnref|Miramar Ship Index}}}} * {{cite book |last1=Maginley |first1=Charles D. |last2=Collin |first2=Bernard |name-list-style=amp |year=2001 |title=The Ships of Canada's Marine Services |publisher=Vanwell Publishing Limited |location=St. Catharines, Ontario |isbn=1-55125-070-5}} * {{cite book |last=Maginley |first=Charles D. |year=2003 |title=The Canadian Coast Guard 1962–2002 |url=https://archive.org/details/canadiancoastgua0000magi |url-access=registration |publisher=Vanwell Publishing Limited |location=St. Catharines, Ontario |isbn=1-55125-075-6}}
==External links== * [http://www.sailwx.info/shiptrack/shipposition.phtml?call=CGDG Latest Reported Position] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070812164015/http://www.sailwx.info/shiptrack/shipposition.phtml?call=CGDG |date=12 August 2007 }} from Sailwx
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hudson}} Category:Ships of the Canadian Coast Guard Category:Research vessels of Canada Category:1963 ships Category:Circumnavigation Category:Ships built in Saint John, New Brunswick