C. P. Mainali

{{short description|Nepalese politician}} {{Infobox officeholder | honorific_prefix = | name = Chandra Prakash Mainali | native_name = {{nobold|चन्द्रप्रकाश मैनाली}} | native_name_lang = mai | honorific_suffix = | image = CP Mainali.jpg | caption = | office = General Secretary of the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) | term_start = 2002 | term_end = | predecessor = Bam Dev Gautam | successor = | office1 = Deputy Prime Minister of Nepal | term_start1 = 4 November 2015 | term_end1 = 4 August 2016 | alongside1 = Bijay Kumar Gachhadar, Kamal Thapa, Bhim Rawal, Chitra Bahadur K.C. and Top Bahadur Rayamajhi | president1 = Bidhya Devi Bhandari | prime_minister1 = Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli | predecessor1 = Prakash Man Singh Bam Dev Gautam | successor1 = Bimalendra Nidhi Krishna Bahadur Mahara Bijay Kumar Gachhadar | office2 = Minister of Women, Children and Social Welfare of Nepal | term_start2 = 4 November 2015 | term_end2 = 4 August 2016 | president2 = Bidhya Devi Bhandari | prime_minister2 = Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli | predecessor2 = Nilam K.C. (Khadka) | successor2 = Kumar Khadka{{efn|name=fn0|Until 19 January 2017, Prime Minister Dahal also served as the Minister of Women, Children and Social Welfare<ref>{{Cite report |url=http://rajpatra.dop.gov.np/welcome/book/?ref=22407 |title=मन्त्री परिषद् गठन |trans-title=Council of Ministers formation |date=4 August 2016 |publisher=Nepal Gazette |language=Nepali}}</ref><ref>{{Cite report |url=http://rajpatra.dop.gov.np/welcome/book/?ref=22583 |title=मन्त्रिपरिषद गठन |trans-title=Council of Ministers formation |date=14 August 2016 |publisher=Nepal Gazette |language=Nepali}}</ref><ref>{{Cite report |url=http://rajpatra.dop.gov.np/welcome/book/?ref=22584 |title=मन्त्रिपरिषद गठन |trans-title=Council of Ministers formation |date=25 August 2016 |publisher=Nepal Gazette |language=Nepali}}</ref>}} | office3 = Minister of Local Level of Nepal | term_start3 = 30 November 1994 | term_end3 = 12 September 1995 | monarch3 = Birendra of Nepal | prime_minister3 = Man Mohan Adhikari | predecessor3 = Ram Chandra Poudel | successor3 = Khum Bahadur Khadka | office4 = Minister of Supplies of Nepal | term_start4 = 30 November 1994 | term_end4 = 12 September 1995 | monarch4 = Birendra of Nepal | prime_minister4 = Man Mohan Adhikari | predecessor4 = Surendra Prasad Chaudhary {{small|(as Minister of Commerce and Supplies)}} | successor4 = Gajendra Narayan Singh | office5 = Member of Parliament, Pratinidhi Sabha | term_start5 = 1994 | term_end5 = 1999 | predecessor5 = Devi Prasad Ojha | successor5 = Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli | constituency5 = Jhapa 2 | term_start6 = 1991 | term_end6 = 1994 | predecessor6 = ''Constituency created'' | successor6 = Radha Krishna Mainali | constituency6 = Jhapa 5 | office7 = Member of the Constituent Assembly / Legislature Parliament | term_start7 = 28 May 2008 | term_end7 = 14 October 2017 | office8 = Member of the Interim Legislature Parliament | term_start8 = 28 April 2006 | term_end8 = 16 January 2008 | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1951|08|22}} | birth_place = Chokpur, Taplejung | death_date =  | death_place = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | birth_name = | citizenship = | party = CPN(ML) | other_party =  | spouse = | partner =  | relations = | children = | parents = Dhanpati Mainali Chandrakumari Mainali<ref name="surendra">K.C., Surendra. ''Aitihasik dastavej sangroh - bhag 2''. Kathmandu: Pairavi Prakashan, 2063 B.S.. p 459.</ref> | alma_mater = | occupation = | profession = Politician | cabinet = | committees = | portfolio = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = }}

'''Chandra Prakash Mainali''', more commonly known as '''C. P. Mainali''', (born August 22, 1951, in Chokpur, Taplejung District) is a Nepalese communist politician and former Deputy Prime Minister of Nepal.

== Political life ==

=== Jhapa revolt === In the early 1970s he was one (along with his brother, R.K. Mainali) of the radical communists who led the Jhapa rebellion, inspired by the Naxalite movement in India.

=== Early politics ===

From 1965 onwards he was involved in the student movement. In 1970, Mainali joined the Communist Party of Nepal. During his years as a political activist, he had aliases ('party names') such as Jay, Subhas, Devi and Kanchan.<ref name="surendra"/>

In 1971, Mainali was one of a group of young leaders of the Jhapa District Committee of the Communist Party of Nepal. The other main leaders of this group were Radha Krishna Mainali, Mainali's brother, and Mohan Chandra Adhikari. The group was inspired by the Naxalbari rebellion in India and its leader Charu Majumdar. In May 1971, the group initiated an armed rebellion, killing landlords and other perceived class enemies.

The party's leadership did not approve of the methods used by the Jhapa movement, and Mainali and his fellows were now an independent grouping. The state forces rapidly crushed the rebellion and hundreds of its followers were killed, jailed or forced into exile. Nevertheless, the group continued to conduct clandestine political work amongst the peasants of Jhapa.

In 1975, the survivors of the Jhapa movement took the initiative to found the All Nepal Communist Revolutionary Coordination Committee (Marxist-Leninist). Other small groups merged with ANCRCC (ML). On December 26, 1978, ANCRCC (ML) organized the founding congress of the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist). Mainali was elected general secretary of the party. CPN (ML) was an underground party, and conducted small-scale, armed activities against the regime and feudal landlords.

However, the tactics of armed struggle did not prove to be successful for CPN (ML). The party changed its political approach and started to focus more on mobilizing mass movements for a democratic change. Mainali, clearly identified with the initial militant phase of the party, was removed from his post of general secretary and replaced by Jhala Nath Khanal.

Later CPN (ML) would merge into Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist).

=== First term as minister === left|thumb|250x250px|Mainali in 1993 When CPN (UML), under Man Mohan Adhikari's premiership, formed a minority government in 1994, C.P. Mainali was nominated to become the speaker of the legislative. He was, however, defeated by the Nepali Congress nominee, Ram Chandra Paudel.<ref>{{Cite news|agency=Associated Press|date=1994-12-18|title=Nepal Communist Set Back|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/12/18/world/nepal-communist-set-back.html|access-date=2021-12-18|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Mainali was then named Minister for Local Development and Supply.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dosfan.lib.uic.edu/erc/bgnotes/sa/nepal9501.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2006-12-31 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061230071734/http://dosfan.lib.uic.edu/ERC/bgnotes/sa/nepal9501.html |archivedate=2006-12-30 }}</ref>

=== CPN (UML) split === In 1998 CPN (UML) was torn by internal strife.<ref>{{Cite web|title=नेकपाको ७१ वर्षे इतिहास : स्थापनाको १३ वर्षसम्म विवाद, त्यसपछि फुटैफुट|url=https://www.himalkhabar.com/news/121670|access-date=2021-12-18|website=Himal Khabar}}</ref> Mainali and Bam Dev Gautam led a break-away group that was named Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist). CPN (ML) briefly joined a Nepali Congress government led by G.P. Koirala. In the 1999 parliamentary elections CPN (ML) failed miserably to challenge the domination of CPN (UML).<ref>{{Cite web|title=नेपाली कम्युनिष्ट आन्दोलन टुट–फुट, गुट र एकताका श्रृंखलाबाट गुज्रदैं|url=https://kantipurtv.com/news/2018-02-15/20180215125627.html|access-date=2021-12-18|website=kantipurtv.com}}</ref> The party did get an impressive 6.4% of the national vote, but failed to win a single seat.<ref>{{Cite web|author=शोभा शर्मा|title=नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टीको ७० वर्षे फुट र जुटको कथा|url=https://www.setopati.com/politics/159146/|access-date=2021-12-18|website=Setopati|language=hi}}</ref>

At the time of the 2000 CPN (ML) party congress, Mainali challenged Bam Dev Gautam for the post of general secretary. Whereas Gautam upheld the line of People's Multiparty Democracy as formulated by Madan Kumar Bhandari (which was also the political line of CPN (UML)), Mainali argued for a more radical political approach.<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/11243699.cms CPN-ML warns of stir over statute reforms demand-World-The Times of India]</ref><ref>[http://www.nepalitimes.com/issue/22/FromtheNepaliPress/8333 ML Bolsheviks and Mensheviks – Nepali Times]</ref>

In 2002 CPN (ML) and CPN (UML) re-unified. However, C.P. Mainali refused to go along with the merger and refounded CPN(ML). He remained as the general secretary of the party.

During the anti-government protests in 2002–2006, Mainali was one of the main leaders of the United Left Front. He has served as ULF chairman for a period. Following the February 1, 2005 royal coup d'état, Mainali was placed in house arrest. He was released on February 25.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.achrweb.org/briefingpapers/Nepal-BP-0405_HTML.htm |title=Asian Centre for Human Rights |access-date=2006-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051226130709/http://www.achrweb.org/briefingpapers/Nepal-BP-0405_HTML.htm |archive-date=2005-12-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Constituent assembly === In January 2007, Mainali was inducted into the interim parliament. He was the chairman of the Natural Resources Committee of the interim parliament.<ref>[https://archive.today/20070514203656/http://www.nepalnews.com.np/archive/2007/may/may10/news16.php Nepalnews.com Mercantile Communications Pvt. Ltd]</ref> After the 2008 Constituent Assembly election, Mainali became a Constituent Assembly member.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thehimalayantimes.com/prwinnerlist.asp |title=The Himalayan Times: Breaking News, Views, Reviews, Sports, Business, Entertainment from Nepal |access-date=2008-05-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705153522/http://www.thehimalayantimes.com/prwinnerlist.asp |archive-date=2008-07-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== As Deputy Prime minister === Mainali served as deputy prime minister for a brief period in the first Oli cabinet. He was also assigned Minister for Women, Children and Social Welfare.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kantipur-७ जना मन्त्रीहरुले लिए सपथ - कान्तिपुर समाचार|url=https://ekantipur.com/ampnews/2015-11-05/20151105153300.html|access-date=2021-12-18|website=ekantipur.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nepal Gazette|url=http://rajpatra.dop.gov.np/welcome/download%3Fref%3D22554&ved=2ahUKEwjQwK74iO70AhVEzTgGHZnyBtkQFnoECAcQAQ&usg=AOvVaw0KnAXoK-XqzKaAQEc8lbds|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230815110750/http://rajpatra.dop.gov.np/welcome/download?ref=22554&ved=2ahUKEwjQwK74iO70AhVEzTgGHZnyBtkQFnoECAcQAQ&usg=AOvVaw0KnAXoK-XqzKaAQEc8lbds|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 15, 2023}}</ref>

== Notes == {{notelist}} ==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070312084647/http://www.nepalnews.com.np/contents/englishweekly/independent/8-96/encounter.htm "We cannot think of any association with the UML"] - 2003 interview

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mainali, Chandra Prakash}} Category:Living people Category:1951 births Category:People from Taplejung District Category:Government ministers of Nepal Category:Communist Party of Nepal (Amatya) politicians Category:Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (1978) politicians Category:Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) politicians Category:Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (2002) politicians Category:Deputy prime ministers of Nepal Category:Nepal MPs 1991–1994 Category:Nepal MPs 1994–1999 Category:People of the Nepalese Civil War Category:Nepalese escapees Category:Khas people Category:Members of the 1st Nepalese Constituent Assembly Category:Members of the 2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly