{{short description|Province of Burundi}} {{Infobox settlement <!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --> | name = Buhumuza | native_name = | native_name_lang = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead --> | settlement_type = Province | image_skyline = Market of Cankuzo set up by World Bank (6915214601).jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = Market in Cankuzo, the capital of Buhumuza | image_flag = | flag_alt = | image_seal = | seal_alt = | image_shield = | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = Buhumuza in Burundi.svg | map_alt = | map_caption = Location of Buhumuza in Burundi | pushpin_map = | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|3|S|30.5|E|display=inline,title|region:BI_type:adm2nd_source:GNS-enwiki}} | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{Flag|Burundi}} | subdivision_type1 = | subdivision_name1 = | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | established_title = Inaugurated | established_date = 2025 | founder = | seat_type = Capital | seat = Cankuzo | government_footnotes = | leader_party = CNDD-FDD | leader_title = Governor | leader_name = Dénise Ndaruhekeye <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> | area_footnotes = <ref name=citypop>{{cite web |last=Brinkhoff |first=Thomas |url=https://citypopulation.de/en/burundi/admin/ |title=Burundi: Administrative Division |website=City Population |date=7 June 2025 |access-date=2 August 2025}}</ref> | area_water_percent = | area_rank = | area_blank1_title = | area_blank2_title = <!-- square kilometers --> | area_total_km2 = 5931 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_urban_km2 = | area_rural_km2 = | area_metro_km2 = | area_blank1_km2 = | area_blank2_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = <ref name=citypop/> | population_total = 2052261 | population_as_of = 2024 census | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | timezone1 = CAT | utc_offset1 = +2 | timezone1_DST = | utc_offset1_DST = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | iso_code = | website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> | footnotes = }} '''Buhumuza''' is the least populous of Burundi's five provinces. It covers an area of {{convert|5931|km2}} and recorded a population of 2,052,261 in the 2024 Burundian census.<ref name=citypop/> The province's capital is Cankuzo,<ref name=law /> while Muyinga is its largest town, reporting a population of 9,609 in the 2008 Burundian census.<ref>{{cite web |last=Brinkhoff |first=Thomas |url=https://citypopulation.de/en/burundi/cities/ |title=Burundi |website=City Population |date=8 June 2025 |access-date=2 August 2025}}</ref>
==Geography== Located in eastern Burundi, Buhumuza borders the Burundian provinces of Burunga, Gitega and Butanyerera to the southwest, west and northwest respectively, Rwanda's Eastern Province to the north, and Tanzania's Kagera Region and Kigoma Region to the northeast and southeast respectively. Buhumuza's topography is characterized by a series of alternating lowlands and highlands: from north to south, these are the Bugesera Depression, Bweru plateau, the Ruvubu River valley, the Buyogoma plateau, and the Moso lowlands.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Lutte antiérosive |last=Duchaufour |first=Hervé |title=Aspects socio-économiques et démographiques du développement durable de la société rurale du Burundi |trans-title=Socio-economic and demographic aspects of sustainable development of Burundiʼs rural society |url=https://books.openedition.org/irdeditions/14249 |year=2012 |publisher=IRD Éditions |doi=10.4000/books.irdeditions.12419 |access-date=2 August 2025 |language=fr |via=OpenEdition Books}}</ref>
Ruvubu National Park, Burundi's largest national park, protects the Ruvubu river valley which crosses the province from southwest to northeast.<ref>{{cite report |last1=Nzigiyimpa |first1=Léonidas |last2=Niyongabo |first2=Joseph |date=January 2017 |title=Evaluation de l’Efficacité de Gestion des Aires Protégées du Burundi avec l’outil IMET - Année 2015 |language=fr |url=https://rris.biopama.org/sites/default/files/2019-04/Efficacit%C3%A9%20de%20gestion%20des%20AP%20Burundi.pdf |page=15 |publisher=Office Burundais pour la Protection de l’Environnement |access-date=2 August 2025}}</ref> Gisagara Protected Landscape is located in the eastern part of the province near the Tanzanian border.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bi.chm-cbd.net/fr/protected-areas/pays-prot-gisagara |title=Paysage Protégé de Gisagara |language=fr |website=Biodiversité du Burundi |publisher=Convention on Biological Diversity |access-date=2 August 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.protectedplanet.net/61707 |title=Gisagara |website=World Database on Protected Areas |publisher=Protected Planet |access-date=2 August 2025}}</ref>
==History== On 16 March 2023, President of Burundi Évariste Ndayishimiye signed into law a reorganization of Burundi's administrative divisions,<ref name=law>{{cite web |last=Ndayishimiye |first=Évariste |author-link=Évariste Ndayishimiye |date=16 March 2023 |title= Loi Organique N° 1/05 du 16 Mars 2023 portant détermination et délimitation des provinces, des communes, des zones, des collines et/ou quartiers de la République du Burundi |language=fr |url=https://www.ceniburundi.bi/loi-organique-n-1-05-du-16-mars-2023-portant-determination-et-delimitation-des-provinces-des-communes-des-zones-des-collines-et-ou-quartiers-de-la-republique-du-burundi |access-date=2 August 2025 |publisher=CENI Burundi}}</ref> which included the reduction of Burundi's provinces from eighteen to five.<ref name=projet>{{cite web |url=https://www.senat.bi/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/PROJET-DE-LOI-ORGANIQUE-PORTANT-DELIM-DES-PROVINCES-DE-1-A-50.pdf |title= Projet de loi organique portant délimitation des provinces, des communes, des zones, des collines/quartiers de la République du Burundi |access-date=2 August 2025 |publisher=Senate of Burundi}}</ref> Buhumuza was created from the former provinces of Cankuzo, Muyinga and Ruyigi.<ref name=projet /> The new provinces took effect with Burundi's 2025 parliamentary and local elections. Buhumuza's first governor Dénise Ndaruhekeye was sworn in on 4 July 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2025 |title=Senate approves Five New Provincial Governors After Major Administrative Reform |url=https://breakingburundi.com/burundi-senate-approves-five-new-provincial-governors-after-major-administrative-reform/ |access-date=2 August 2025 |website=Breaking Burundi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Manirakiza |first=Patrick |date=6 July 2025 |title=Burundi's new Governors sworn in following major provincial reforms |url=https://www.burunditimes.com/burundis-new-governors-sworn-in-following-major-provincial-reforms/ |access-date=2 August 2025 |website=Burundi Times}}</ref>
Buhumuza is an old place name in eastern Burundi.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lejeune |first1=G. |last2=Ntazukura |first2=G. |year=1981 |title=Famine et disette en Buhumuza ancien |language=fr |journal=Culture et Société |volume=4 |publisher=Centre de civilisation burundaise |page=98}}</ref> During the colonial era it was the name of a chiefdom in the territory of Ruyigi.<ref>{{cite book |last=Gahama |first=Joseph |year=2001 |edition=2nd |title=Le Burundi sous administration belge: la période du mandat 1919-1939 |language=fr |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4YKO5zR_OdcC&pg=PA92 |publisher=Éditions Karthala |pages=92, 108 |isbn=2-86537-089-5 |access-date=2 August 2025}}</ref>
==Communes== Buhumuza is divided into seven communes: Butaganzwa, Butihinda, Cankuzo, Gisagara, Gisuru, Muyinga, and Ruyigi.<ref name=law />
==Infrastructure== Paved roads connect the towns of Cankuzo, Muyinga and Ruyigi.<ref name=projet /> A 220 kV overhead power line extends {{convert|160|km}} from Rusumo Hydroelectric Power Station on Kagera River on the Rwanda–Tanzania border to Muyinga and onwards to Gitega.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://nilebasin.org/content/power-grids-burundi-rwanda-and-tanzania-interconnected-and-synchronized-through-rusumo |title=Power grids of Burundi, Rwanda, and Tanzania Interconnected and synchronized through Rusumo project, in March 2024 |website=Nile Basin Initiative |date=16 August 2024 |access-date=2 August 2025}}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Burundi-prov}}
Category:Provinces of Burundi Category:States and territories established in 2025 Category:2025 establishments in Burundi