{{Short description|Genus of lichens}} {{italic title}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = | image_caption = | taxon = Bryonora | authority = Poelt (1983) | type_species = ''Bryonora castanea'' | type_species_authority = (Hepp) Poelt (1983) | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision =''B. castanea''<br /> ''B. castaneoides''<br /> ''B. curvescens''<br /> ''B. granulata''<br /> ''B. microlepis''<br /> ''B. peltata'' }}
'''''Bryonora''''' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Lecanoraceae.<ref name="Wijayawardene et al. 2022"/> These lichens typically grow on soil, mosses, plant debris, or rocks in arctic or alpine environments. The genus was circumscribed in 1983 by lichenologist Josef Poelt, with ''Bryonora castanea'' assigned as the type species.<ref name="Poelt 1983"/>
==Taxonomy==
Phylogenetic studies have confirmed ''Bryonora''{{'}}s placement within the Lecanoraceae. The genus ''Bryodina'', previously considered separate, is now treated as a synonym of ''Bryonora'' based on molecular evidence.<ref name="Svensson et al. 2022"/>
As of 2022, the genus comprises 15 accepted species.<ref name="Svensson et al. 2022"/> Recent taxonomic changes include the description of a new species, ''Bryonora microlepis'', and the transfer of ''Lecanora castaneoides'' to ''Bryonora'' as ''B. castaneoides''.<ref name="Svensson et al. 2022"/>
==Description==
''Bryonora'' species exhibit various thallus types, including crustose (forming a crust-like layer), {{lichengloss|squamulose}} (composed of small, scale-like structures), and {{lichengloss|fruticose|subfruticose}} (somewhat shrub-like).<ref name="Svensson et al. 2022"/> The reproductive structures, called apothecia, can vary in appearance among species, with some having a distinct rim (margin) around the spore-producing surface ({{lichengloss|disc}}).<ref name="Svensson et al. 2022"/>
Some ''Bryonora'' species contain lichen substances such as norstictic acid or stictic acid, which can be detected through chemical tests and are useful for identification.<ref name="Svensson et al. 2022"/>
Key features distinguishing ''Bryonora'' from other genera in the Lecanoraceae include its ecology, thallus structure, and details of its reproductive structures.<ref name="Svensson et al. 2022"/>
==Habitat and distribution==
''Bryonora'' species are primarily found in arctic and alpine regions. They have been reported from various locations including Norway, Sweden, Svalbard, and high-elevation areas in Asia. These lichens often grow on soil, dead mosses, plant debris, or rocks, and some species show preferences for particular {{lichengloss|substrates}} or environmental conditions.<ref name="Svensson et al. 2022"/>
==Species== *''Bryonora castanea'' {{small|(Hepp) Poelt (1983)}} *''Bryonora castaneoides'' {{small|(H.Magn.) Arup, M.Svensson & M.Westb. (2022)}}<ref name="Svensson et al. 2022"/> *''Bryonora curvescens'' {{small|(Mudd) Poelt (1983)}} *''Bryonora granulata'' {{small|Fryday (2012)}}<ref name="Fryday & Øvstedal 2012"/> – Falkland Islands *''Bryonora microlepis'' {{small|Haugan & Timdal (2022)}}<ref name="Svensson et al. 2022"/> – Norway *''Bryonora peltata'' {{small|Øvstedal (2001)}}<ref name="Øvstedal & Lewis Smith 2001"/> – Antarctica
==References== {{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Fryday & Øvstedal 2012">{{cite journal |last1=Fryday |first1=Alan M. |last2=Øvstedal |first2=Dag O. |title=New species, combinations and records of lichenized fungi from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) |journal=The Lichenologist |volume=44 |issue=4 |year=2012 |doi=10.1017/s0024282912000163 |pages=483–500}}</ref>
<ref name="Øvstedal & Lewis Smith 2001">{{cite book |last1=Øvstedal |first1=D.O. |last2=Lewis Smith |first2=R.I. |year=2001 |title= Lichens of Antarctica and South Georgia. A Guide to their Identification and Ecology |series=Studies in Polar Research |publisher=Cambridge University Press |page=109 |isbn=978-0-521-66241-3}}</ref>
<ref name="Poelt 1983">{{cite journal |last1=Poelt |first1=J. |year=1983 |title=''Bryonora'', eine neue Gattung der Lecanoraceae |journal=Nova Hedwigia |volume=38 |pages=73–111 |language=de}}</ref>
<ref name="Svensson et al. 2022">{{cite journal |last1=Svensson |first1=Måns |last2=Haugan |first2=Reidar |last3=Timdal |first3=Einar |last4=Westberg |first4=Martin |last5=Arup |first5=Ulf |title=The circumscription and phylogenetic position of ''Bryonora'' (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota), with two additions to the genus |journal=Mycologia |volume=114 |issue=3 |year=2022 |doi=10.1080/00275514.2022.2037339 |pages=516–532 |pmid=35605089 |doi-access=free |hdl=10852/101249 |hdl-access=free}}</ref>
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}}
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Category:Lecanoraceae Category:Lecanorales genera Category:Lichen genera Category:Taxa described in 1983 Category:Taxa named by Josef Poelt