Bromide Formation

{{Short description|Geological formation in Oklahoma, U.S.}} {{Lead too short|date=April 2021}} {{Infobox rockunit | image = Homotelus bromidensis fossil trilobites (Bromide Formation, Middle Ordovician; Criner Hills, southeastern Carter County, southern Oklahoma, USA) 4 (15402497771).jpg | period = Upper Ordovician | age = early Sandbian 461–458{{fossil range|461|458| Myo|earliest=|latest=|ref=|prefix=|PS=}}| caption = | type = Geological formation | prilithology = limestone | otherlithology = limestone interbedded with shale, and sandstone | namedfor = | namedby = Ulrich, 1911 | region = Central-South Oklahoma: Carter County, Johnston County, Murray County and Pontotoc County|country = United States of America | coordinates = {{Coord|34|00|N|97|00|W|region:US-OK_type:landmark_source:dewiki}} | unitof = Simpson Group | subunits = Mountain Lake Member, Pooleville Member | overlies = Tulip Creek Formation<ref>Jones, R.H. The Middle-Upper Ordovician Simpson Group of the Permian Basin: Deposition, Diagenesis, and Reservoir Development [http://www.beg.utexas.edu/resprog/permianbasin/PBGSP_members/writ_synth/Simpson.pdf]</ref> | underlies = Viola Formation<ref name="Carlucci">Carlucci J.R. and S.R. Westrop. Sequence Stratigraphy and Facies Architecture of the Bromide Formation (Upper Ordovician; Sandbian) of Oklahoma. 2009 Portland Geological Society of America Annual Meeting. Paper No. 36-5.</ref> | thickness = {{convert|71|m|ft|sp=us}} Pooleville Member at type location.<ref name="Fay">Fay, O. and A.A. Graffham. Biostratigraphic and paleontological studies. Echinoderm faunas from the Bromide Formation (Middle Ordovician) of Oklahoma: Lawrence, Kansas, University of Kansas Paleontological Institute Monograph 11 30-33 (1982)</ref> | extent = from Blount to Decorah<ref name="Loeblich">Loeblich, A.R. jr. Bryozoa from the Ordovician Bromide Formation Oklahoma. Journal of Paleontology, 16-4 (1942)[https://www.jstor.org/pss/1298838]</ref> | area = | map = | map_caption = }}

The '''Bromide Formation''' is a geological formation in Oklahoma, USA. It is well known for its diverse echinoderm and trilobite fossil fauna.<ref name="Carlucci"/>

== Location == The Bromide Formation crops out in the Arbuckle and Wichita Mountains and in the Criner Hills of Southern Oklahoma.<ref name="Loeblich"/> It appears at the surface in particular within Carter, Johnston, Murray and Pontotoc counties (34.0° N, 97.0° W).<ref>Amsden, T.W. Upper Bromide Formation and Viola Group (Middle and Upper Ordovician in Eastern Oklahoma). Part I – Welling-Fite-Corbin-Ranch-Strata. Oklahoma Geological Survey. Bulletin 132 (1983)[http://www.ogs.ou.edu/pubsscanned/BULLETINS/Bulletin132.pdf]</ref>

== Stratigraphy == The Bromide Formation is the uppermost part of the Simpson Group, and originates from the Upper Ordovician (early Sandbian). This mostly carbonate succession is divided into the Mountain Lake and overlying Pooleville members.<ref name="Carlucci"/> Although it primarily consists of limestone, limestone interbedded with shale, and sandstone, also occur.<ref>Viola Limestone and Bromide Formation. Mineral Resources On-Line Spatial Data. U.S. Geological Survey [https://mrdata.usgs.gov/geology/state/sgmc-unit.php?unit=OKOvb%3B0]</ref> The Bromide Formation is a shallow water marine sediment.<ref name=" Bauer">Bauer, J.A. Conodonts from the Bromide Formation (Middle Ordovician), South-Central Oklahoma. Journal of Paleontology 68-2 (1994).</ref>

Much of the Mountain Lake Member comprises meter-scale, deep ramp cycles that overlie a lowstand systems tract of sandstones and sandy crinoidal grainstones. Cycle tops are starved surfaces with irregular, mineralized hardgrounds. The Pooleville Member consists of an early highstand interval of shallow subtidal carbonates and late highstand peritidal carbonates (Corbin Ranch Submember). Down-ramp, the Pooleville is represented largely by centimeter-thick shales and interbedded lime mudstones.<ref name="Carlucci"/>

== Economic use == The Bromide Formation has been a source of oil and gas, with exploration slightly north of the area where the formation is exposed.

left|thumb|4×2½ cm of fossil sea floor, from the Bromide Formation. The dark brownish thallus to the left is the green algae ''Ischadites iowensis'', on top of it and to the top of the picture is the pygidium and back part of the thorax of the Corynexochid trilobite ''Nanillaenus punctatus'', to the right is the cephalon of the Harpetid trilobite ''Dolichoharpes reticulata''

== Origin == The Bromide Formation was deposited in a shallow, storm-dominated epeiric sea that extended over part of the Laurentia continent, in what is today Southern Oklahoma. The sea spread into an area that sunk into a rift, that ultimately did not endure, a so-called aulacogen. Lying approximately at 30° Southern latitude, a low-land desert bordered much of the shallow sea from where well-rounded quartz sand blew in. This now represents the sandstone at the base of the Bromide Formation. Eventually, sea level rise caused by subsidence drowned the borderlands cutting off the supply of sand, and now the shales and limestones of the Middle Bromide (upper Mountain Lake Member) accumulated on a broad ramp. Gradually – primarily echinoderm – skeletons build up a carbonate shelf. Further eustatic sea level rise (transgression) cut off the supply of virtually all sediments from land, and remains of carbonate-producing organisms began filling the basin. This now forms the limestone of the upper Bromide (Pooleville Member). Finally, a drop in sea level (regression) exposed the entire platform, and became a broad, nearly featureless, hot, semi-arid sabkha.<ref>Longman, M.W. Deposition of the Bromide Formation, Arbuckle Mountains, Oklahoma: Ontogeny of an Ancient Carbonate Shelf. Oklahoma City Geological Society Volume, pp. 268-285 (1982).[http://payperview.datapages.com/data/open/offer.do?target=%2Focgs%2Fdata%2F010%2F010001%2F0268.htm]</ref>

== Fossils == Fossils have been found in the Bromide Formation of green algae, sponges, corals, graptolites, lampshells, moss animals, trilobites, clam shrimps, molluscs, several groups of echinoderms, and teeth of jawless fish.

=== Green algae === *''Ischadites iowensis''<ref name="Amsden">Amsden, T.W. Catalogue of Fossils from the Middle and Upper Ordovician of Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geological Survey, Circular 43. 1957</ref><ref>Byrnes, J.G. Notes on the Nature and Environmental Significance of the Receptaculitaceae. Lethaia, Vol. 1, pp. 368-381 (1968)</ref>thumb|''Ischadites iowensis''

=== Sponges === *''Dierespongia palla''<ref>Rigby, J.K. and R.C. Gutschick. Two new Lower Paleozoic Hexactinellid Sponges from Utah and Oklahoma. Journal of Paleontology, 50-1, pp. 79-85 (1976)</ref>

=== Corals === *''Saffordophyllum deckeri''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Tetradium oklahomense''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Tetradium spicululatum''<ref name="Amsden"/>

=== Graptolites === *''Dicellograptus gurlei''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Dictyonema francesiae''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Dictyonema rockcrossingensis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Diplograptus (Amplexograptus) maxwelli''<ref name="Amsden"/>

=== Lampshells === thumb|right|''Chaulistomella magna'' is also known as ''Dinorthis subquadrata'' and ''Valcourea magna'' thumb|''Hesperorthis sulcata''thumb|right|an ''Oxoplecia gouldi'' lampshell thumb|right|''Schizambon perspinosum'', 8 mm, used to be covered in hairthin long spines thumb|right|a ''Spirifer perlamellosus'' lampshell thumb|Looking at the brachial valve of a ''Strophomena costellata'' *''Acanthocrania erecta'' (mountain lake member?)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Acanthocrania oklahomensis'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Acanthocrania subquadrata'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Ancistorhyncha costata'' (corbin branche member)<ref name="ggmm">Fossil collection of Geological Enterprises, Ardmore, OK, USA</ref> *''Ancistorhyncha globularis'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Athelelasma oklahomense'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Bellimurina compressa'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Bellimurina subquadrata'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Camerella anteroplicata'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Camerella oklahomensis'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Chaulistomella crassa'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Chaulistomella magna'' [=''Dinorthis subquadrata''] [=''Valcourea magna''] (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Chaulistomella mira'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Chaulistomella mundula'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Chaulistomella nitens'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Chaulistomella obesa'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Cliftonia occidentalis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Craniops tenuis'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Cyclospira parva'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Dactylogonia sculpturata parva'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Dactylogonia subaequicostellata'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Doleroides compressus'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Doleroides oklahomensis'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Ectenoglossa cf. sculpta'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Fascifera dalmanelloidea'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Glossella liumbona'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Glyptorthis costellata'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Glyptorthis crenulata'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Glyptorthis obesa'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Glyptorthis uncinata'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Hesperorthis crinerensis'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Hesperorthis sulcata'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Lingulella galba'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Lingulella cf. glypta'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Lingulasma oklahomense'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Macrocoelia bella'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Mimella extensa'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Mimella subquadrata'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Multicostella sulcata'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Murinella partita'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Onychoplecia tenuis'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Oepikina sp.''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Oepikina expatiata'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Oepikina extensa'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Oepikina formosa'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Oepikina gregaria'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Orbiculoidea eximia'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Orthis tricrenata''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Oxoplecia filosa'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Oxoplecia gouldi'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Oxoplecia occidentalis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Pachyclossa biconvexa'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Paurorthis macrodeltoidea'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Petrocrania sp.'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Petrocrania inflata'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''cf. Philhedra sp.'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Platymena cf. bellatula'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Plectorthis symmetrica''<ref name="ggmm"/> *''Protozyga costata'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Protozyga elongata'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Protozyga loeblichi'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Protozyga magnicostata'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Pseudolingula imperfecta''<ref name="ggmm"/> *''Oepikina minnesotensis'' [=''Rafinesquina minnesotensis'']<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Rostricellula sp.'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Rostricellula cuneata'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Rostricellula parva'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Rostricellula transversa'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Schizambon perspinosum'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Skenidoides oklahomensis'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/ *''Skenidoides perfectus'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Sowerbyella sp.'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Sowerbyella indistincta'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Sowerbyella plicatifera'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Sowerbyella variabilis'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Sowerbyella vulgata'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Sowerbyites hami'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden "/> *''Sowerbyites lamellosus'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Spirifer perlamellosus'' *''Strophomena costellata'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Strophomena crinerensis'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Strophomena oklahomensis'' (pooleville member)<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Valcourea transversa'' (mountain lake member)<ref name="Amsden"/>

=== Moss animals === *''Anolotichia deckeri''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Anolotichia impolita''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Anolotichia spinulifera''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Atactoporella bellula''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Batostoma chapparsi''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Batostoma cumingsi''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Batostoma winchelli''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Dekayella praenuntia'' echinata<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Eridotrypa abrupta''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Fistulipora cf. bassleri''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Hallopora dubia''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Hallopora macrostoma''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Hallopora pachymura''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Hemiphragma irrasum''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Hemiphragma pulchrum''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Heterotrypa taffi''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Homotrypa callitoecha''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Homotrypa multitabulata''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Homotrypa sagittata''<ref name="Amsden"/>thumb|A moss animal called ''Pachydictya bromidensis'' *''Homotrypa ulrichi''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Mesotrypa favosa''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Mesotrypa tubulifera''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Monticuliporella croneisi''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Monticuliporella peculiaris''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Monticuliporella shideleri''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Nicholsonella irregularis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Nicholsonella laminata''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Nicholsonella moniliformis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Pachydictya bromidensis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Prasopora fritzae''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Stromatotrypa frondosa''<ref name="Amsden"/>thumb|right|the cephalon of ''Dolichoharpes reticulata''

=== Arthropods ===

==== Trilobites ==== *''Amphilichas subpunctatus''<ref name="Shaw">Shaw, F.C. Simpson Group (Middle Ordovician) Trilobites of Oklahoma. Journal of Paleontology 48-5, Memoir 6, Part II (1974) [http://www.westerntrilobites.com/Formations/Oklahoma.htm]</ref> *''Apianurus sp.''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Bumastoides milleri''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Bumastus sp.''<ref name="Shaw"/>thumb|right|defensively roled ''Frencrinuroides capitonis'' *''Calliops armatus''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Calliops divaricatus''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Calyptaulax annulata'' (Mountain Lake Member)<ref name="Fay"/><ref name="Shaw"/> *''Ceratocephala graffhami''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Ceraurus ruidus'' [=''Eoceraurus trapezoidalis'']<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Cybeloides sp.''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Dolichoharpes reticulata'' [=''procliva'']<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Estoniops? divaricatus''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Failleana sp.''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Frencrinuroides capitonis'' [=''Encrinuroides capitonis'']<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Harpillaenus sp.''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Illaenus americanus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Isoteloides sp.''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Isotelus gigas''<ref name="Amsden"/><ref name="Shaw"/> *''Lonchodomas mcgeheei''<ref name="Amsden"/><ref name="Shaw"/> *''Nanillaenus punctatus''<ref name="Shaw"/>thumb|right|A ''Nanillaenus punctatus'' pygidium *''Otarion sp.''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Pandaspinapyga salsa''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Pliomerops canadensis'' (Mountain Lake Member)<ref name="Fay"/><ref name="Shaw"/> *''Probolichas sp.''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Remopleurides sp.''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Sphaerocoryphe sp.''<ref name="Shaw"/> *''Thaleops jaanussoni'' (Mountain Lake Member)<ref name="Fay"/> *''Vogdesia bromidensis'' Shaw 1974 (Esker 1964) [=''Homotelus bromidensis''] (Mountain Lake Member)<ref name="Fay"/><ref name="Shaw"/>[[Image:Homotelus bromidensis dorsal.jpg|thumb|right|an Asaphid trilobite known as ''Homotelus bromidensis'']]

==== Clam shrimps ==== *''Bromidella reticulata''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Bythocypris cylindrica''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Cryptophyllus oboloides''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Dicranella bicornis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Eridoconcha magna''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Eridoconcha simpsoni''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Eurychilina reticulata''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Eurychilina ventrosa''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Halliella labiosa''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Krausella arcuata''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Leperditella cf. deckeri''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Leperditella inflata''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Primitiopsis bassleri''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Schmidtella umbonata''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Ulrichia initialis''<ref name="Amsden"/>

=== Molluscs === *''Helicotoma umbilicata''<ref name="ggmm"/> *''Liospira vitruvia''<ref name="ggmm"/> *''Aristerella nitidula''<ref name="ggmm"/>

=== Echinoderms ===

==== Sea urchins and sand dollars ==== *''Bromidechinus rimaporus'' (Pooleville Member)<ref>Smith, A.B. and J.J. Savill. Bromidechinus, a new Ordovician echinozoan (Echinodermata), and its bearing on the early history of echinoids. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 92, pp. 137-147 (2001)</ref>

==== Edrioasteroids ==== *''Cyathocystus oklahomae''<ref name="Amsden"/><ref name="Fay-Graffham-Sprinkle">{{cite journal|last1=Fay|first1=R.O.|last2=Graffham|first2=A.A.|last3=Sprinkle|first3=J.|year=1982|title=Previous studies of Bromide echinoderms. Echinoderm faunas from the Bromide Formation (Middle Ordovician) of Oklahoma| journal=University of Kansas Paleontological Institute Monograph|volume=11|pages=34–44|url= https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=23990}}</ref>

==== Cystoids ==== thumb|right|''Anthracocrinus primitivus'' *''Amygdalocystites tribranchiatus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Anthracocrinus primitivus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Cheirocrinus ardmorensis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Cheirocrinus cf. loeblichi''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Echinoencrinites cf. ornatus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Enoploura cf. papillata''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Eumorphocystus multiporata''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Glyptocytites loeblichae''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Glyptocytites logani''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Hesperocystus deckeri''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Myeinocytites natus''<ref name="Amsden"/>thumb|right|a ''Oklahomacystis tribrachiatus'' cystoid *''Oklahomacystus tribranchiatus''<ref name="ggmm"/> *''Pararchaeocrinus decoratus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Platycystites bassleri''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Platycystites bromidensis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Platycystites cristatus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Platycystites fimbratus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Platycystites levatus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Pleurocystites watkinsi''<ref name="Amsden "/> *''Quadrocystis graffhami''<ref name="ggmm"/> *''Synclairocytis angulatus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Synclairocytis sulphurensis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Tanaocystis watkinsi''<ref>Klimetz, M.P. The Regents Earth Science and Regents Physics Web Resource for Students and Teachers [http://earthphysicsteaching.homestead.com/Cystoids.html]</ref> *''Traskocrinus sp.''<ref name="ggmm"/>

==== Sea lilies ==== *''Annulocrinus ramifer''<ref name="Brower">Brower, J.C. Calceocrinoids from the Bromide Formation (Middle Ordovician) of Southern Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geological Survey, Circular 78 (1977)[http://www.ogs.ou.edu/pubsscanned/Circulars/circular78.pdf]</ref> *''Archaeocrinus subovalis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Calceocrinus longifrons''<ref name="Brower"/> *''Carabocrinus treadwelli''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Euptychocrinus skopaios''<ref name="ggmm"/> *''Hybocrinus crinerensis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Hybocrinus nitidus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Hybocrinus pyxidatus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Palaeocrinus hudsoni''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Paracremacrinus laticardinalis''<ref name="Brower"/>

=== Chordates ===

==== Teeth of jawless fish (conodonts) ==== *''Ansella crassa'' Bauer 1994<ref name="Bauer"/> *''Ansella nevadensis'' (Ethington and Schumacher)<ref name="Bauer"/> *''Baltoniodus gerdae'' (Bergström)<ref name="Bauer"/> *''Bryantodina aequalis'' Bauer 1994<ref name="Bauer"/> *''Cahabagnathus sweeti'' (Bergström)<ref name="Bauer"/> *''Cardiodus abbreviatus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Cardiodus densus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Cardiodus robustus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Cordylodus sp.''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Curtognatus sp.''<ref name="Amsden"/><ref name="Bauer"/> *''Curtognatus cordiformis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Curtognatus coronata''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Curtognatus limitaris''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Eoplacognathus elongatus'' (Bergström)<ref name="Bauer"/> *''Erismodus typus'' Branson and Mehl<ref name="Bauer"/> *''cf. Leptochirognatus sp.''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Leptochirognatus extensa''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''cf. Microcoelodus sp.''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Microcoelodus asymmetricus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Microcoelodus inornatus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Microcoelodus intermedius''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Microcoelodus minutidentatus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Microcoelodus typuis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Oneotodus? ovatus'' (Stauffer)<ref name="Bauer"/> *''Oistodus suberectus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Pharagmodus ambiguus'' Bauer 1994<ref name="Bauer"/> *''Phragmodus flexuosus''<ref name="Bauer"/> *''Plectodina edentula'' Bauer 1994<ref name="Bauer"/> *''Polycaulodus bidentatus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Polycaulodus tridentatus''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Staufferella falcata'' (Stauffer)<ref name="Bauer"/> *''Trichognatus obtusa''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Trucherognatus distorta''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Trucherognatus irregularis''<ref name="Amsden"/> *''Walliserodus declivis'' Bauer 1994<ref name="Bauer"/>

== References == <!--- See Wikipedia:Footnotes on how to create references using <ref></ref> tags which will then appear here automatically --> {{Reflist}}

Category:Bromide Formation Category:Ordovician System of North America Category:Ordovician geology of Oklahoma Category:Geologic formations of Oklahoma Category:Paleontology in Oklahoma Category:Ordovician southern paleotropical deposits Category:Limestone formations of the United States Category:Lagerstätten