Bosonids

[[File:Karte Hoch und Niederburgund EN.png|thumb|right|220px|Burgundian and Porvancal regions, ruled or claimed by various members of the Bosonid family during the 9th and 10th centuries ---- {{legend|#FBCB8C|Lower Burgundy, with Provence}} {{legend|#ECE87B|Upper Burgundy}} {{legend|#D6B68A|Duchy of Burgundy}}]]

The '''Bosonids''' were a dynasty of Carolingian-era counts, dukes, bishops, kings and emperors descended from Boso the Elder and his wife Engeltrude. They married into the Carolingian dynasty and raised to power during the second half of the 9th century, consequently establishing their own rule in various Burgundian regions, including Provence, and also in northern Italy.{{sfn|Bouchard|1988|p=407–431}}{{sfn|MacLean|2001|p=21–48}}

The first great scion of the dynasty was Boso, count of Arles and of other Burgundian counties in the mid-9th century. Boso rose in favour as a courtier of Charles the Bald. He was even appointed viceroy in Italy in 875. After the death of Charles' son Louis the Stammerer, Boso refused to recognise Louis' sons Carloman and Louis III as kings of France, and proclaimed himself king of Provence in 879 at Vienne, with the support of the nobility. Boso strove throughout the rest of his life to maintain his title in the face of Emperor Charles the Fat. He died in 887 and was succeeded by his son, Louis the Blind, under the regency of his wife Ermengard, a daughter of the Emperor Louis II.

Louis was adopted by Charles the Fat and legitimised in his royal title. With this legal basis, he sought to take the place of his Carolingian relatives on the imperial and Italian thrones in 900. He was crowned in Pavia and then in Rome, but could not actually hold on to power there.

==Genealogy== {{chart top|Bosonids, Bivinids and their relatives, with the names of kings and emperors bolded.{{sfn|Riché|1993|p=370}}{{sfn|Bouchard|2001|p=75}}}} {{Tree chart/start}}

{{Tree chart|border=0| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Boso|v|Engeltrude | Boso=Boso the Elder | Engeltrude=Engeltrude }} {{Tree chart|border=0| | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| }} {{Tree chart|border=0|Louis II| |Richildis| |Teutberga|-|-|Lothair II| |v|Waldrada| | | | |Hucbert| | | | | |Boso| | Boso=Boso count in Italy | Richildis= Richildis (wife of Bivin of Gorze) | Teutberga= Teutberga queen of Lotharingia |Hucbert= Hucbert count of Valois |Louis II= '''Louis II of Italy''' emperor |Lothair II= '''Lothair II''' king of Lotharingia |Waldrada=Waldrada mistress, later wife }} {{Tree chart|border=0| |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | | | | | | |!| }} {{Tree chart|border=0|Ermengard|v|Boso| |Richildis| |Richard| |Bertha|-|-|v|-|-|-|Theobald| | Richildis = Richildis empress | Boso= '''Boso''' king of Provence | Richard = Richard the Justiciar duke of Burgundy | Theobald = Theobald count of Arles |Ermengard= Ermengard of Italy queen of Provence |Bertha= Bertha of Lotharingia countess of Arles }} {{Tree chart|border=0| |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|(| | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| }} {{Tree chart|border=0|Engelberga| |Louis| |Rudolph| |Hugh| |Hugh of Italy| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Boso of Tuscany| | Engelberga=Engelberga | Louis= '''Louis the Blind''' emperor | Rudolph= '''Rudolph''' king of Western Francia | Hugh= Hugh the Black | Hugh of Italy= '''Hugh of Italy''' king of Italy | Boso of Tuscany= Boso margrave of Tuscany

}} {{Tree chart|border=0| | | | | |!| | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | |!| }} {{Tree chart|border=0| | | | |Charles| | |Lothair II of Italy|v|Adelaide of Italy| | | | |Hubert| |Bertha|-|-|Romanos II| | |Willa|v|Berengar II| | Charles=Charles Constantine count of Vienne | Lothair II of Italy='''Lothair II of Italy''' king of Italy | Adelaide of Italy=Adelaide of Italy | Hubert=Hubert duke of Spoleto | Bertha=Bertha-Eudokia | Romanos II='''Romanos II''' Byzantine emperor | Willa=Willa queen of Italy | Berengar II='''Berengar II of Italy''' king of Italy }} {{Tree chart|border=0| | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | ,|-|-|(| }} {{Tree chart|border=0| | | | | | | | | | |Emma of Italy|v|Lothair of France| | | |Hugh of Tuscany| | | | | | | | | |Adalbert of Italy| | |Rozala of Italy| | Emma of Italy= Emma of Italy queen of West Francia | Lothair of France='''Lothair of France''' king of West Francia | Hugh of Tuscany= Hugh of Tuscany margrave of Tuscany | Adalbert of Italy='''Adalbert of Italy''' king of Italy | Rozala of Italy= Rozala of Italy queen of West Francia }} {{Tree chart|border=0| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | }} {{Tree chart|border=0| | | | | | | | | | | | |Louis V of France| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Louis V of France='''Louis V of France''' last Carolingian king of West Francia }} {{Tree chart/end}} {{Chart bottom}}

==References== {{reflist|2}}

==Sources== {{Refbegin|2}} * {{Cite journal|last=Bouchard|first=Constance B.|title=The Bosonids or Rising to Power in the Late Carolingian Age|journal=French Historical Studies|year=1988|volume=15|number=3|pages=407–431|jstor=286367}} * {{Cite book|last=Bouchard|first=Constance B.|chapter=Burgundy and Provence, 879–1032|title=The New Cambridge Medieval History|volume=3|year=1999|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|pages=328–345|chapter-url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/u-SsbHs5zTAC?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA328}} * {{Cite book|last=Bouchard|first=Constance B.|title=Those of My Blood: Creating Noble Families in Medieval Francia|year=2001|location=Philadelphia|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/yxSxikFnSU8C?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PR3}} * {{cite book|last=Goldberg|first=Eric J. |chapter='A Man of Notable Good Looks Disfigured by a Cruel Wound': The Forest Misadventure of Charles the Young of Aquitaine (864) in History and Legend |title=Historiography and Identity III: Carolingian Approaches |editor1=Rutger Kramer |editor2=Helmut Reimitz |editor3=Graeme Ward |publisher=Brepols |year=2021 |pages=355–386 |doi=10.1484/M.CELAMA-EB.5.120170}} * {{Cite journal|last=MacLean|first=Simon|title=The Carolingian response to the revolt of Boso, 879–887|journal=French Historical Studies|year=2001|volume=10|number=1|pages=21–48|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1468-0254.00078}} * {{Cite book|last=MacLean|first=Simon|title=Kingship and Politics in the Late Ninth Century: Charles the Fat and the end of the Carolingian Empire|year=2003|location=New York|publisher=Cambridge University Press|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/0Icl9qL3FnMC?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PR3}} * {{Cite book|last=McKitterick|first=Rosamond|author-link=Rosamond McKitterick|title=The Frankish Kingdoms Under the Carolingians, 751-987|year=1983|location=Harlow|publisher=Longman|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/wtNnAAAAMAAJ}} * {{Cite book |author-link=René Poupardin |first=René |last=Poupardin |title=Le Royaume de Provence sous les Carolingiens, 855–933 |location=Paris |publisher=Émile Bouillon |year=1901 |url=https://archive.org/details/leroyaumedeprove00poupuoft/}} * {{Cite book|last=Riché|first=Pierre|title=The Carolingians: A Family Who Forged Europe|year=1993|location=Philadelphia|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/Tcjy7bCmFL0C?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PR3}} {{refend}}

Category:Bosonids Category:Frankish noble families