{{Short description|Town in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia}} {{for|the river in Russia|Borzya (river)}} {{Infobox Russian town |en_name=Borzya |ru_name=Борзя |loc_name1 = {{Lang|bua|Бооржо}} |loc_lang1 = Buryat |loc_name2 = {{Lang|mn|Боорж}} |loc_lang2 = Mongolian |image_skyline=Станция Борзя.jpg |image_caption=Borzya railway station |coordinates = {{coord|50|23|N|116|31|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=right |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Borzya (Chita oblast).png |coa_caption= |image_flag=Flag of Borzya (Chita oblast).png |flag_caption= |anthem= |anthem_ref= |holiday= |holiday_ref= |federal_subject=Zabaykalsky Krai |federal_subject_ref=<ref name="ZabaykalskyK_admlist" /> |adm_district_jur=Borzinsky District |adm_district_jur_ref=<ref name="ZabaykalskyK_admlist" /> |adm_ctr_of=Borzinsky District |adm_ctr_of_ref=<ref name="ZabaykalskyK_admlist" /> |inhabloc_cat=Town |inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="ZabaykalskyK_admlist" /> |inhabloc_type= |inhabloc_type_ref= |mun_district_jur=Borzinsky Municipal District |mun_district_jur_ref=<ref name="ZabaykalskyK_munlist" /> |urban_settlement_jur=Borzinskoye Urban Settlement |urban_settlement_jur_ref=<ref name="ZabaykalskyK_munlist" /> |mun_admctr_of1=Borzinsky Municipal District |mun_admctr_of1_ref=<ref name="Ref469">Law #316-ZZK</ref> |mun_admctr_of2=Borzinskoye Urban Settlement |mun_admctr_of2_ref=<ref name="OKTMO">{{OKTMO reference|76 609 101}}</ref> |leader_title= |leader_title_ref= |leader_name= |leader_name_ref= |representative_body= |representative_body_ref= |area_of_what= |area_as_of= |area_km2= |area_km2_ref= |pop_2010census=31379 |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> |pop_latest=29822 |pop_latest_date=January 2014 |pop_latest_ref=<ref name="ZabaykalskyK_admlist" /> |established_date=18th century |established_title= |established_date_ref= |current_cat_date=1950 |current_cat_date_ref= |postal_codes=674600–674603, 674609 |dialing_codes=30233 |dialing_codes_ref= |website= }} '''Borzya''' ({{lang-rus|Борзя|p=ˈborzʲə}}; {{langx|bua|Бооржо}}, ''Boorjo''; {{langx|mn|Боорж}}, ''Boorj'') is a town and the administrative center of Borzinsky District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, located {{convert|349|km|sp=us}} southeast of Chita, the administrative center of the krai. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=31,379|p2002=31,460|p1989=36,373}}
==Geography== The town is located on the river Borzya—a right-hand tributary of the Onon—about {{convert|40|km|sp=us}} from the border with Mongolia in the south and {{convert|70|km|sp=us}} from the border with China in the southeast.
===Climate=== Borzya has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification ''Dwb'') with severely cold, dry winters and warm, wet summers. Precipitation is quite low but is significantly higher from June to September than at other times of the year. Borzya is the sunniest city in Russia, the average annual number of hours of sunshine is 2797 hours, or about 63% of the time the sun is above the horizon,
{{Weather box |width = auto |location=Borzya |metric first=yes |single line=yes |Jan record high C = 0 |Feb record high C = 7.1 |Mar record high C = 20.8 |Apr record high C = 30.1 |May record high C = 37.2 |Jun record high C = 41.4 |Jul record high C = 40.3 |Aug record high C = 37.6 |Sep record high C = 34.4 |Oct record high C = 25.8 |Nov record high C = 12.4 |Dec record high C = 4.4 |Jan high C = -17.8 |Feb high C = -11.6 |Mar high C = -1.6 |Apr high C = 9.9 |May high C = 18.5 |Jun high C = 24.8 |Jul high C = 26.5 |Aug high C = 24.1 |Sep high C = 17.6 |Oct high C = 7.6 |Nov high C = -5.7 |Dec high C = -15.8 |Jan mean C = -26.1 |Feb mean C = -20.7 |Mar mean C = -9.9 |Apr mean C = 2.1 |May mean C = 10.6 |Jun mean C = 17.4 |Jul mean C = 19.8 |Aug mean C = 17.2 |Sep mean C = 9.8 |Oct mean C = -0.1 |Nov mean C = -13.1 |Dec mean C = -23.4 |Jan low C = -32.8 |Feb low C = -28.8 |Mar low C = -18.3 |Apr low C = -5.8 |May low C = 2.2 |Jun low C = 9.4 |Jul low C = 13.1 |Aug low C = 10.5 |Sep low C = 2.6 |Oct low C = -6.8 |Nov low C = -19.5 |Dec low C = -29.9 |Jan record low C = -50 |Feb record low C = -49.0 |Mar record low C = -43.6 |Apr record low C = -30.8 |May record low C = -12.3 |Jun record low C = -4.5 |Jul record low C = 1.2 |Aug record low C = -2.8 |Sep record low C = -13.8 |Oct record low C = -29.1 |Nov record low C = -43.1 |Dec record low C = -51.7 |Jan precipitation mm = 3 |Feb precipitation mm = 2 |Mar precipitation mm = 4 |Apr precipitation mm = 8 |May precipitation mm = 20 |Jun precipitation mm = 56 |Jul precipitation mm = 80 |Aug precipitation mm = 65 |Sep precipitation mm = 33 |Oct precipitation mm = 10 |Nov precipitation mm = 5 |Dec precipitation mm = 5 |Jan humidity = 75.3 |Feb humidity = 78.6 |Mar humidity = 73.7 |Apr humidity = 46 |May humidity = 39.1 |Jun humidity = 42.9 |Jul humidity = 46.4 |Aug humidity = 50.7 |Sep humidity = 52.1 |Oct humidity = 58.1 |Nov humidity = 74.1 |Dec humidity = 76.5 |Jan sun = 152 |Feb sun = 203 |Mar sun = 264 |Apr sun = 267 |May sun = 304 |Jun sun = 303 |Jul sun = 276 |Aug sun = 270 |Sep sun = 231 |Oct sun = 226 |Nov sun = 162 |Dec sun = 140 |source 1 = Temps & Precip: pogodaiklimat.ru <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/30965.htm|title=Климат Борзи - Погода и климат}}</ref> |source 2 = Other data: climatebase.ru (1948-2011)<ref name="climatebase">{{cite web|title=Borzya, Russia|url=http://climatebase.ru/station/30965/?lang=en|publisher=Climatebase.ru|access-date=January 24, 2013}} </ref> }}
==History== Although there had been human settlement on the present site of the town since the 18th century, the modern town began with the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway in 1899. The settlement around the Borzya railway station was officially opened in 1900, named '''Suvorovsky''' in honor of Alexander Suvorov.<ref name="moigorod">{{Cite web |url=http://www.mojgorod.ru/chitinsk_obl/borzja/ |title=Народная энциклопедия "Мой город". Борзя (Забайкальский край) |access-date=November 27, 2016 |archive-date=August 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230827180020/http://www.mojgorod.ru/chitinsk_obl/borzja/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> This name, however, was not widely used by the residents, who continued to use the same name as the railway station and the river. The name Borzya was eventually made official when the settlement was granted town status in 1950.<ref name="moigorod"/>
==Administrative and municipal status== Within the framework of administrative divisions, Borzya serves as the administrative center of Borzinsky District, to which it is directly subordinated.<ref name="ZabaykalskyK_admlist">''Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and the Inhabited Localities of Zabaykalsky Krai''</ref> As a municipal division, the town of Borzya, together with one rural locality (the crossing loop of Zun-Torey), is incorporated within Borzinsky Municipal District as '''Borzinskoye Urban Settlement'''.<ref name="ZabaykalskyK_munlist">Law #317-ZZK</ref>
==Economy== Besides the railway workshops, employers in the town include food production enterprised, particularly meat production from the livestock industry in the surrounding area.
The Kharanor brown coal open-pit mine is located northwest of the town, providing fuel for power generation.
===Transportation=== The town is on the original stretch of the Trans-Siberian Railway which crossed Manchuria on its way to Vladivostok and was known as the Chinese Eastern Railway. This route was later bypassed by the current Trans-Siberian, which is entirely on the Russian territory, but the original line passing through Borzya is still used for passenger and freight traffic to and from China.
A branch line from Borzya reaches Choibalsan in Mongolia. The border stations are Solov'yovsk (Соловьёвск) in Russia and Chuluunkhoroot (Ereentsav) in Mongolia. There are no passenger service across the border, but passenger trains operate between Choibalsan and Chuluunkhoroot.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120118101838/http://www.lonelyplanet.com/mongolia/eastern-mongolia/choibalsan/transport/getting-there-away Lonely Planet Mongolia: Choibalsan transport (archived version 18 Jan 2012)]</ref>
==Military== The town was the headquarters of the 36th Army of the Russian Ground Forces until 2009.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.sibinfo.su/news/kuz/1/1899.html|script-title=ru:Штаб 36-й армии СибВО перенесен из Борзи в Улан-Удэ|date=24 February 2009|work=Sibinfo|access-date=13 October 2016|language=ru|trans-title=36th Army headquarters of the Siberian Military District relocated from Borzya to Ulan-Ude}}</ref>
The airbases of the Borzya-2 (air base) and Arabatuk (air base) are nearby.
==References== ===Notes=== {{Reflist}}
===Sources=== *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|zab|adm|list}} *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|zab|mun|list}} *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|zab|mun|list0}}
==External links== *[https://борзя-адм.рф/ Official website of Borzya] {{in lang|ru}} *[https://borzya.jsprav.ru/ Borzya Business Directory] {{in lang|ru}}
{{Zabaykalsky Krai}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2013}}
Category:Cities and towns in Zabaykalsky Krai Category:Populated places established in 1899 Category:Former urban-type settlements of Zabaykalsky Krai