{{Short description|City in Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine}} {{for|the international airport|Boryspil International Airport}} {{Infobox settlement | official_name = Boryspil | native_name = Бориспіль | native_name_lang = uk | settlement_type = City | image_skyline = {{Photomontage | photo1a = Борисполь_железнодорожный_вокзал.jpg|300px{{!}} | photo1b = Арт-объект "Я люблю Борисполь".jpg|300px{{!}} | photo1c =|300px{{!}} | photo2a = Борисполь_Свято-Николаевская_церковь.jpg|300px{{!}} | photo2b = Church_of_Saint_Borys_and_Hlib,_Boryspil.jpg | photo3a = Borispil_aerea.jpg|300px{{!}} | photo3b = | color = white | color_border = white | position = center | spacing = 2 | size = 270 | foot_montage = }} | image_shield = Coat of Arms Boryspil.svg | image_flag = UKR Бори́спіль flag.jpg | image_caption = {{hlist|Top to bottom, left to right: Railway Station|Art installation|Church of Saints Boris and Gleb|Saint Nicholas Church|View of the city}} | pushpin_map = Ukraine Kyiv Oblast#Ukraine | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_mapsize = | pushpin_map_caption = Boryspil within Ukraine | coordinates = {{coord|50|21|N|30|57|E|region:UA|display=inline,title}} | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{UKR}} | image_seal = | subdivision_type1 = Oblast | subdivision_name1 = Kyiv Oblast | subdivision_type2 = Raion | subdivision_name2 = Boryspil Raion | population_total = 64117 | population_as_of = 2022 | area_total_km2 = 37.01 | established_date = 1015 | established_title = First mentioned | elevation_m = | area_code = +380 4595 | website = http://www.boryspil.osp-ua.info/ | name = | subdivision_type3 = Hromada | subdivision_name3 = Boryspil urban hromada | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 11 | mapframe-wikidata = yes }}
'''Boryspil''' ({{langx|uk|Бориспіль}}, {{IPA|uk|boˈrɪspilʲ|ipa|audio=Uk-Бориспіль.ogg}}) is a city and the administrative center of Boryspil Raion in Kyiv Oblast (region) in northern and central Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Boryspil urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.<ref name="admreform_2020_boryspil_city">{{cite web |title=Бориспольская городская громада |url=https://gromada.info/ru/obschina/boryspil/ |publisher=Портал об'єднаних громад України |language=ru}}</ref> The population was estimated as {{Ua-pop-est2022|64,117|.}}
==Name== Official sources state that the city is named after Prince Boris, of Boris and Gleb, two sons of Vladimir the Great, who were both murdered during the internecine wars of 1015–1019.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.boryspil.osp-ua.info/?ch=1&fl=history |title=Бориспіль - сайт міста :: Історія міста Бориспіль |access-date=2018-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208230623/http://www.boryspil.osp-ua.info/?ch=1&fl=history |archive-date=2019-12-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref> According to Petro Tronko in his History of cities and villages in Ukrainian SSR, the locality where Boryspil is located was named as "Borysove pole" (Borys's field) when in 1015 a son of Vladimir the Great Borys returning from another raid against Pechenegs died from hands of hired assassins.<ref>Petro Tronko. ''[http://imsu-kyiv.com/msta-sela-kivsko-oblast/boryspilskyj-rajon/boryspil.html Бориспіль]''. History of cities and villages in Ukrainian SSR.</ref> Others{{who|date=December 2020}} state that the name of the city is of the Greek origin; it consists of two parts ''Borys'' from Borysthenes (the Greek name for Dnieper) and ''Pil'' from Polis (the Ukrainized version of the Greek word). The city also has a sister city, Hopkins, Minnesota, US.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hopkinsmn.com/sistercity/ |title=City of Hopkins, Minnesota: Sister City: Boryspil, Ukraine |publisher=Hopkinsmn.com |date=2011-09-27 |access-date=2015-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121043048/http://www.hopkinsmn.com/sistercity/ |archive-date=2015-11-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
In Ukrainian language the city has also been historically known as ''Baryshpil'' (Баришпіль).<ref name=ency/>
==History== The settlement is first mentioned in 1015 in connection with the internecine wars of 1015–1019,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.boryspil.osp-ua.info/?ch=1&fl=history |title=Бориспіль - сайт міста :: Історія міста Бориспіль |access-date=2018-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208230623/http://www.boryspil.osp-ua.info/?ch=1&fl=history |archive-date=2019-12-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and later, in the 12th century, as part of the Kyivan Rus (Ruthenia). Sometime after the Mongol invasion, most of the Ruthenian territory belonged to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The site of the settlement belonged to the King's translator Soltan Albiyevich who in 1508 sold it to the Kyiv Saint Nicholas Hermitage. It is believed that it was then when the settlement received its modern name.
After the Union of Lublin, the southern regions of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were passed over to the Polish Crown and in 1590 on decision of the Sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the settlement was given to Wojtech Czonowicki, a senior of the Registered Cossacks, who later participated in the Kosiński uprising. In 1596 the Polish King Sigismund III Vasa transformed the town into a royal estate and there was formed the Boryspol starostwo. Later the same year it was granted the Magdeburg rights (or possibly Lübeck law) and in the town was built a ratusz. The Boryspil town's coat of arms contained an image of Saint Stanislav (see Stanislaus of Szczepanów). With extinguishing the Nalyvaiko Uprising, the Boryspil starostwo was passed to Stanisław Żółkiewski and stayed as the Żółkiewski's family estate until the 1648 Khmelnytsky Uprising.
On 14 January 1752 the Hetman of Little Russia Kyrylo Rozumovsky gave the town in eternal possession of his brother-in-law Kyiv Colonel Yukhym Darahan.
During the Anti-Hetman Uprising, Trypillia division of Otaman Zeleny fought a battle against the Hetmanate forces at Boryspil. In the following years it was a site of rebel activities against the Bolsheviks.<ref name=ency>{{Cite book|title=Енциклопедія українознавства. Словникова частина (ЕУ-II)|date=1993|volume=1|pages=156-163}}</ref> On 2 June 1920 during the Battle of Boryspil Polish-Ukrainian forces defeated the Red Army.
Later in 1920, Soviet regime was established in the city. Four collective farms (kolhoz) were created: "Shevchenko Memorial", "Kirov Memorial", "Sickle and Mallet", "Victory".
The town suffered greatly during the Soviet organized Holodomor when between 1 January 1933 to 1 January 1934, when according to official data 5,739 people, among them 266 infants younger than one year old, perished.
During World War II, Boryspil was occupied by the German Army from September 23, 1941 to September 23, 1943. Fierce battles were fought around the city during its capture and liberation. During the Nazi occupation, the airfield of the modern Boryspil International Airport was used as a camp for prisoners of war.
In 1956 Boryspil was officially granted the city status. Currently the city is home to the country's main and biggest airport, Boryspil International Airport (international code KBP) and some minor industry.
Prior to the country-wide administrative reform of 17 July 2020, Boryspil was incorporated as a city of oblast significance, and was not part of Boryspil Raion, even though the administrative centre of the raion was located there.
==Geography== ===Climate=== {{Weather box |location = Boryspil (1981–2010) |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan high C = -1.2 |Feb high C = -0.3 |Mar high C = 5.4 |Apr high C = 14.2 |May high C = 21.2 |Jun high C = 23.9 |Jul high C = 26.0 |Aug high C = 25.4 |Sep high C = 19.4 |Oct high C = 12.3 |Nov high C = 4.1 |Dec high C = -0.1 |year high C = 12.5 |Jan mean C = -3.9 |Feb mean C = -3.4 |Mar mean C = 1.4 |Apr mean C = 9.0 |May mean C = 15.4 |Jun mean C = 18.5 |Jul mean C = 20.4 |Aug mean C = 19.4 |Sep mean C = 14.0 |Oct mean C = 8.0 |Nov mean C = 1.7 |Dec mean C = -2.6 |year mean C = 8.2 |Jan low C = -6.4 |Feb low C = -6.2 |Mar low C = -1.9 |Apr low C = 4.5 |May low C = 10.0 |Jun low C = 13.5 |Jul low C = 15.2 |Aug low C = 14.1 |Sep low C = 9.5 |Oct low C = 4.3 |Nov low C = -0.7 |Dec low C = -4.4 |year low C = 4.3 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 28.6 |Feb precipitation mm = 30.5 |Mar precipitation mm = 31.2 |Apr precipitation mm = 42.2 |May precipitation mm = 54.9 |Jun precipitation mm = 74.8 |Jul precipitation mm = 70.1 |Aug precipitation mm = 55.0 |Sep precipitation mm = 58.2 |Oct precipitation mm = 35.4 |Nov precipitation mm = 41.4 |Dec precipitation mm = 37.5 |year precipitation mm = 559.8 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 7.2 |Feb precipitation days = 7.1 |Mar precipitation days = 7.3 |Apr precipitation days = 7.1 |May precipitation days = 7.9 |Jun precipitation days = 9.1 |Jul precipitation days = 8.5 |Aug precipitation days = 6.6 |Sep precipitation days = 7.2 |Oct precipitation days = 6.3 |Nov precipitation days = 7.7 |Dec precipitation days = 7.8 |year precipitation days = 89.8 |Jan humidity = 82.7 |Feb humidity = 80.3 |Mar humidity = 75.3 |Apr humidity = 66.4 |May humidity = 63.2 |Jun humidity = 69.4 |Jul humidity = 70.2 |Aug humidity = 69.1 |Sep humidity = 74.3 |Oct humidity = 78.2 |Nov humidity = 84.6 |Dec humidity = 85.0 |year humidity = 74.9 |Jan sun = 52.3 |Feb sun = 74.1 |Mar sun = 135.4 |Apr sun = 184.7 |May sun = 277.1 |Jun sun = 276.8 |Jul sun = 290.9 |Aug sun = 271.2 |Sep sun = 177.8 |Oct sun = 126.2 |Nov sun = 50.3 |Dec sun = 43.8 |year sun = 1960.6 |source 1 = World Meteorological Organization<ref name=WMOCLINO>{{cite web | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210717143555/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1981-2010/RA-VI/Ukraine/12.6.%20WMO_Normals_Excel_Template%20%282%29.xls | archive-date = 17 July 2021 | url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1981-2010/RA-VI/Ukraine/12.6.%20WMO_Normals_Excel_Template%20(2).xls | title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981–2010 | publisher = World Meteorological Organization | access-date = 17 July 2021}}</ref> }}
==Infrastructure== Aerosvit Airlines had its head office on the grounds of Boryspil International Airport.
Around the city detours the main European route {{jct|country=EUR|E|40 }}, particularly the Kyiv–Kharkiv highway (part of the national {{Jct|country=UKR|M|03}} route). Along {{Jct|country=UKR|M|03}} between Kyiv and Boryspil International Airport stretches a modernized motorway.
In the city also starts another national highway {{Jct|country=UKR|H|08}} which connects Boryspil with Zaporizhzhia.
==Sports== It also hosts Ukrainian Premier League team Arsenal Kyiv at the Kolos Stadium.
==Press== * "Trudova Slava" newspaper (since 1930) * [http://i-visti.com "Visti" newspaper] (since 2000)
==Notable people== People born in Boryspil * Pavlo Chubynsky (1839–1884), author of the Ukrainian National Anthem *Vitalii Sediuk (b.1988), prankster and former television reporter *Okhrim Sudomora (1889-1968), graphic and poster artist, illustrator of Ukrainian literary and children's books
==Gallery== <gallery> File:Boryspil entrance.jpg|Entrance to Boryspil from Kyiv-Boryspil motorway File:Downtown Boryspil.jpg|A street intersection in downtown Boryspil File:Apartment block Boryspil.jpg|A multi-storey apartment block File:BoryspilAirport1.JPG|Boryspil Airport File:Terminal F KBP.JPG|Boryspil Airport, Terminal F File:Boryspil church.jpg|Saints Boris and Gleb Church File:Книшовий меморіальний парковий комплекс Бориспіль.JPG|Memorial park complex File:Будівля колишньої школи Бориспіль.JPG|Old school building </gallery>
==See also== {{Portal|Ukraine}} * Battle of Boryspil (1920)
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== * [http://i-visti.com "Visti" newspaper website] {{in lang|uk}}
{{Kyiv Oblast}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Boryspil Category:Cities in Kyiv Oblast Category:Pereyaslavsky Uyezd Category:Cities of regional significance in Ukraine Category:Kyiv metropolitan area