{{Short description|British music publishing company}} {{Redirect|Boosey|the locality in Australia|Boosey, Victoria}} {{Good article}} {{Use British English|date=January 2014}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2014}} {{Infobox publisher | name = Boosey & Hawkes | image = 300px | parent = Concord | founded = {{start date and age|1930}} | founder = Leslie Boosey<br/>Ralph Hawkes | country = United Kingdom | headquarters = Aldwych, London | distribution = | keypeople = Janis Susskind OBE | url = {{official website|https://www.boosey.com/|boosey.com}} |predecessor=Boosey & Company<br/>Hawkes & Son}}
'''Boosey & Hawkes''' is a British music publisher, purported to be the largest specialist classical music publisher in the world. Until 2003, it was also a major manufacturer of brass, string and woodwind musical instruments.
Formed in 1930 through the merger of two well-established British music businesses, Boosey & Hawkes controls the copyright to much major 20th-century music, including works by Leonard Bernstein, Benjamin Britten, Aaron Copland, Sergei Prokofiev, and Igor Stravinsky. It also publishes many prominent contemporary composers, including John Adams, Karl Jenkins, James MacMillan, Mark-Anthony Turnage, and Steve Reich.
With subsidiaries in Berlin and New York, the company used to sell sheet music via its online shop.
==History==
===Pre-merger=== Boosey & Hawkes was founded in 1930 through the merger of two respected music companies, Boosey & Company and Hawkes & Son.<ref>{{cite web|title=An Historical Note|url=http://www.boosey.com/pages/corporate/overview/historicalnote.asp|publisher=Boosey & Hawkes|access-date=24 May 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051130125448/http://www.boosey.com/pages/corporate/overview/historicalnote.asp|archive-date=30 November 2005|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
The Boosey family was of Franco–Flemish origin.<ref name="Grove: Boosey & Hawkes">{{cite book|author=D[avid] J[ames] Blaikley|author2=William C. Smith|author3=Peter Ward Jones|contribution=Boosey & Hawkes|editor=L. Macy|title=Grove Music Online|url=http://www.grovemusic.com/|access-date=14 June 2007|archive-date=16 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516041031/http://www.grovemusic.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Boosey & Company traces its roots back to John Boosey, a bookseller in London in the 1760s–1770s.<ref name="Burrows2000">{{cite book|author=Simon Burrows|title=French Exile Journalism and European Politics, 1792–1814|url=https://archive.org/details/frenchexilejourn00burr|location=Woodbridge, Suffolk|publisher=Boydell & Brewer Ltd.|year=2000|isbn=978-0-86193-249-8|url-access=registration}}</ref> His son Thomas continued the business at 4 Old Bond Street,<ref name="Boosey: Locations">{{cite web|title=Staff Contacts: London – Rest of the World|url=http://www.boosey.com/pages/aboutus/help/bh_departments.asp?loc=UK|publisher=Boosey & Hawkes|access-date=10 October 2007}}</ref><ref>The shop moved to 28 Holles Street in 1816: {{cite web|title=Staff Contacts: London – Rest of the World|url=http://www.boosey.com/pages/aboutus/help/bh_departments.asp?loc=UK|publisher=Boosey & Hawkes|access-date=10 October 2007}}</ref> and from 1819 the bookshop was called Boosey & Sons or T. & T. Boosey.
[[File:BooseyandCo-euphonium-1878.jpg|thumb|left|150px|A drawing of a euphonium manufactured by Boosey & Co. in 1878]]
Thomas Boosey's son, also named Thomas (1794/1795–1871), set up a separate musical branch of the company known as T. Boosey & Co. and, in the latter part of the 19th century, Boosey & Company. It initially imported foreign music but soon began publishing in England the works of composers such as Johann Nepomuk Hummel, Saverio Mercadante, Fanny Puzzi, Ferdinand Ries and Gioachino Rossini, and subsequently important operas by Bellini, Donizetti and Verdi. Elgar and Vaughan Williams were among its later signings.<ref name="Times: Instrumental Role">{{cite news|author=Suzy Jagger|title=Instrumental role in music-making|url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/article1098289.ece|work=The Times|location=London|date=20 March 2003|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612020919/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/article1098289.ece|archive-date=12 June 2011}}</ref> It also produced books; among its first publications was an English translation of Johann Nikolaus Forkel's book ''Life of J. S. Bach'' (1820).<ref>{{cite book|author=Johann Nicolaus Forkel|author-link=Johann Nikolaus Forkel|author2=Banker Stephenson (transl.)|title=Life of J. S. Bach; with a Critical View of His Compositions ... Translated from the German. [by Stephenson.]|location=London|publisher=T. Boosey & Co|year=1820}} This was a translation from the German of {{cite book|author=Johann Nicolaus Forkel|title=Ueber J. S. Bachs Leben, Kunst und Kunstwerke: Für patriotische Verehrer echter musikalischer Kunst ... Mit Bachs Bildniss und Kupfartafeln|location=Leipzig|publisher=Hoffmeister und Kühnel|year=1802|oclc=243456252}}</ref> The company was seriously affected by the House of Lords' decision in ''Boosey v. Jeffreys'' (1854) which deprived English publishers of many of their foreign copyrights.<ref name="Grove: Boosey & Hawkes"/>
Boosey & Company diversified into manufacturing woodwind instruments in 1851, collaborating in 1856 with flautist R. S. Pratten (1846–1936) to develop new designs for flutes. It bought over the business of Henry Distin in 1868, allowing it to begin making brass instruments. Among its achievements was the widely acclaimed design for compensating valves developed by David James Blaikley in 1874.<ref name="Grove: Boosey & Hawkes"/> The company also commenced production of string instruments.<ref name="Times: Instrumental Role"/>
The company capitalised on the increasing popularity of the ballad by focusing its publishing activities on them. To promote sales, John Boosey (c. 1832–1893), son of Thomas Jr., established the London Ballad Concerts in 1867 at St. James's Hall and later at Queen's Hall when it opened in 1893. Clara Butt, John Sims Reeves and Charles W. Clark performed at these concerts, and their successes included Arthur Sullivan's "The Lost Chord" (1877) and Stephen Adams' "The Holy City". The company began emphasising educational music from about the end of the 19th century.<ref name="Grove: Boosey & Hawkes"/>
In 1874 Boosey & Company moved into offices at 295 Regent Street,<ref name="Boosey: Locations"/> where the business was to stay for the next 131 years. In 1892, Boosey & Company opened an office in New York which still exists today.<ref name="Times: Instrumental Role"/> The business eventually owned half of Regent Street, and at the time of the merger was managed by Leslie Boosey (1887–1979).<ref name="Telegraph: Boosey & Hawkes">{{cite news|author=Helen Wallace|title=Musical marriage that soared – and soured|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2007/04/26/bmbnh126.xml|work=The Daily Telegraph (Review)|location=London|date=26 April 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604110251/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/classicalmusic/3664684/Musical-marriage-that-soared-and-soured.html|archive-date=4 June 2011}}</ref>
Hawkes & Son (initially Rivière & Hawkes),<ref name="Grove: Boosey & Hawkes"/> a rival to Boosey & Company, was founded in 1865 by William Henry Hawkes selling orchestral sheet music. The company also made musical instruments and spare parts such as clarinet reeds, and by 1925 Hawkes had set up an instrument factory in Edgware, North London.<ref name="Times: Instrumental Role"/> The business, which was particularly known for brass and military band music,<ref name="Grove: Boosey & Hawkes"/> was eventually inherited by Ralph Hawkes (1898–1950).
===Post-merger=== Leslie Boosey and Ralph Hawkes met in the 1920s when they were on the Board of the Performing Right Society, saw an opportunity to combine their businesses, and formed Boosey & Hawkes in October 1930.<ref name="Telegraph: Boosey & Hawkes"/> Hawkes & Son moved from its office in Denman Street to join the Boosey staff at 295 Regent Street.<ref name="Boosey: Locations"/>
The 1938 ''Anschluss''—the annexation of Austria into Greater Germany by the Nazi regime—led to the Nazification of Viennese publishing house Universal Edition. Boosey & Hawkes seized the opportunity to sign up composers Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály, and also rescued Universal's Jewish staff, who later played an important role in developing the company. One such employee in particular, Ernst Roth, facilitated the signing of Richard Strauss and Igor Stravinsky, and was instrumental in the production of Strauss's ''Vier letzte Lieder'' (''Four Last Songs'') (1948; premièred 1950) and Stravinsky's ''The Rake's Progress'' (premièred 1951).<ref name="Telegraph: Boosey & Hawkes"/> Another significant figure from Vienna who occupied an editorial role was composer Arnold Schoenberg's pupil Erwin Stein, and after the war the composer Leopold Spinner, a pupil of Anton Webern, was also on the editorial staff. Stein was instrumental in founding the modern-music journal ''Tempo'' in 1939,<ref name="Grove: Boosey & Hawkes"/> which began as Boosey & Hawkes' own newsletter but later became a more independent publication.
By the time World War II broke out in 1939, Boosey & Hawkes had also signed Benjamin Britten and Aaron Copland. It was Ralph Hawkes who championed Britten when he was still relatively unknown, often against the rest of the board of directors, until the première on 7 June 1945 of ''Peter Grimes'', which was a critical and popular success. Sheet music sales soared during the War, enabling Boosey & Hawkes to buy Editions Russes which held the rights to the most valuable works of Prokofiev, Rachmaninoff and Stravinsky. The company also purchased the lease of the Royal Opera House in London in 1944,<ref>{{cite book|last=Haltrecht|first=Montague|title=The Quiet Showman : Sir David Webster and the Royal Opera House|location=London|publisher=Collins|year=1975|isbn=0-00-211163-2|page=[https://archive.org/details/quietshowmansird00halt/page/51 51]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/quietshowmansird00halt/page/51}}</ref> rescuing it from becoming a permanent dance hall and providing a venue for world-class ballet and opera in the capital.<ref name="Telegraph: Boosey & Hawkes"/>
By 1950, Boosey & Hawkes was a leading international music company with an extensive catalogue of serious composers and offices in Bonn, Johannesburg, New York, Paris, Toronto and Sydney. However, from the late 1940s, strains had begun to appear in the relationship between Leslie Boosey and Ralph Hawkes, and this led to factions supporting each man forming in the company. It was discovered that Hawkes had borrowed capital of £100,000 during the war without the permission of the exchange control authorities, and Boosey was forced to clear up the situation at great personal cost. Hawkes secretly wanted to buy out the music publishing side of the business and manage it from New York, leaving Boosey in London with the musical instrument business which Hawkes found dull. However, he died suddenly on 8 September 1950, and representation of his faction was taken over by his flamboyant but unreliable brother Geoffrey who spent much of the company's money on ventures such as the manufacture of mouth organs and ovens, which failed. Geoffrey Hawkes also sold shares in the company to fund his philandering, to the point that the company was forced to go public to raise cash. Leslie Boosey allowed Geoffrey his turn as chairman, but within two years the profitable company was on the brink of insolvency and Geoffrey Hawkes died of leukaemia in 1961.<ref name="Telegraph: Boosey & Hawkes"/>
[[File:Violin Concerto No 1, Opus 99 (Boosey & Hawkes, 1957, cover).jpg|thumb|Distinctive brown cover of a Hawkes Pocket Score: Shostakovich's Violin Concerto No. 1]]
During these difficult years, Boosey was supported by his trusted managing director, Ernst Roth. However, Roth later regarded the Boosey family as ineffectual and parochial. In the early 1960s, Roth forced Boosey's sons Anthony and Simon out of the company, and prevented his youngest son, Nigel, from even joining, allegedly at the behest of Benjamin Britten. Roth and Boosey also had differences over Britten's influence over the company. Roth regarded Britten as a gifted local musician, rather than a true genius like Roth's friends Strauss and Stravinsky. Boosey realised how valuable Britten was to the company, and agreed to Britten's request to divide the company into instruments and publishing. However, Britten humiliated Boosey by preventing him from chairing the music publishing board Boosey had established at Britten's request. In 1963, Britten also managed to get Boosey & Hawkes to employ Donald Mitchell to find new, young composers for the company. Angered by the sway Britten had over Boosey, Roth fired Mitchell within a year. Mitchell later set up Faber Music for book publisher Faber and Faber with the assistance of Britten and the blessing of T. S. Eliot.<ref name="Telegraph: Boosey & Hawkes"/>
Boosey retired from the company in 1964, and died without an obituary in 1979. Although he had been awarded with the ''Légion d'honneur'' by France, his achievements were mostly unrecognised in the UK. However, a large number of composers and their estates continue to benefit from his pioneering work in rights and royalty collection.<ref name="Telegraph: Boosey & Hawkes"/> In addition, every two years the Royal Philharmonic Society and the Performing Right Society honour individuals who have made an outstanding contribution to the furtherance of contemporary music in Britain with the Leslie Boosey Award. The award is given to those who work "backstage", such as administrators, broadcasters, educationalists, programmers, publishers and representatives from the recording industry.<ref>{{cite web|title=Leslie Boosey Award|url=http://www.royalphilharmonicsociety.org.uk/?page=awards/boosey/|publisher=Royal Philharmonic Society|access-date=25 May 2007}}</ref>
Some time during the late 1960s or early 1970s Boosey & Hawkes bought out The Salvation Army Brass Instrument Factory in North London. They continued for some years to manufacture instruments with The Salvation Army name and crest on them such as The Bandmaster cornets.<ref>[http://sahpa.blogspot.co.uk/2011/06/salvation-army-instrument-making-short.html Army Instrument Making – A Short History by William H. Scarlett, 25 June 2011, at sahpa.blogspot.co.uk] Accessed 4 March 2017</ref>
Boosey & Hawkes' musical instruments division was gradually scaled down from the mid-1970s as it became less viable to have such an extensive range of products. Various lines were outsourced and sold off. By the time of the closure of the Edgware factory in 2001, brass instruments were the only thriving part of the instrument range. Production was moved to Watford, Hertfordshire, and the instruments rebranded Besson.<ref name="Guardian: Test Your Strength">{{cite news|last=Wyse|first=Pascal|title=Test Your Strength|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2007/jan/26/classicalmusicandopera|work=The Guardian|date=26 January 2007}}</ref>
It took nearly 20 years for Boosey & Hawkes to regain the leading position in the international music scene that it has today.<ref name="Telegraph: Boosey & Hawkes"/> It claims to be the largest specialist classical music publisher in the world.<ref name="Boosey website: Welcome">{{cite web|last=Minch|first=John|title=Welcome to our World of Music|url=http://www.boosey.com/pages/corporate/|publisher=Boosey & Hawkes|access-date=24 May 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070513171819/http://www.boosey.com/pages/corporate/|archive-date=13 May 2007|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
In 1996 the company acquired Bote & Bock; in 2001, it acquired Anton J. Benjamin, including the N. Simrock catalog.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.boosey.com/aboutus/history.cshtml | title=Boosey & Hawkes: The home of contemporary music }}</ref>
==The company today== In 2001, Boosey & Hawkes was put up for sale after accounting irregularities were discovered in its Chicago instrument-distribution business, leading to £13m worth of sales being written off, a plummeting share price, and the company's near-bankruptcy.<ref>{{cite news|last=Osborne|first=Alistair|title=Bad Vibes from Chicago Shake Boosey & Hawkes|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/main.jhtml?xml=/money/2000/11/17/cnboos17.xml|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=21 March 2001}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{cite news|last=Osborne|first=Alistair|title=Chicago Blues for Boosey|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/main.jhtml?xml=/money/2000/09/13/cnboos13.xml|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=21 March 2001}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> It was eventually bought by venture capitalists HgCapital in 2003 for £40 million.<ref>{{cite web|title=Boosey & Hawkes Stays Independent|url=http://www.boosey.com/pages/corporate/saledetail.asp|publisher=Boosey & Hawkes|date=21 November 2003|access-date=29 May 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051128005204/http://www.boosey.com/pages/corporate/saledetail.asp|archive-date=28 November 2005|df=dmy-all}} {{cite news|last=Higgins|first=Charlotte|title=Buyout Saves Music Publisher Boosey's Independence|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2003/nov/25/arts.artsnews|work=The Guardian|date=25 November 2003}}</ref>
On 11 February 2003, Boosey & Hawkes sold its musical instrument division, which included clarinet maker Buffet Crampon and guitar manufacturer Höfner, to The Music Group, a company formed by rescue buyout specialists Rutland Fund Management, for £33.2 million.<ref>{{cite news|last=Fagan|first=Mary|title=Boosey Nears Sale of Instruments Division|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/main.jhtml?xml=/money/2002/08/25/cnboos25.xml|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=24 August 2002}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{cite news|last=Osborne|first=Alistair|title=Boosey Plucks £33.2m for Instruments|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/main.jhtml?xml=/money/2003/02/12/cnboos12.xml|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=11 February 2003}}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{cite news|last=Wray|first=Richard|title=Boosey & Hawkes Sells Instruments Arm for £33.2m|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2003/feb/12/3|work=The Guardian|date=12 February 2003}}</ref> An archive of musical instruments manufactured or collected by the company throughout its history was passed to the Horniman Museum in Forest Hill, South London.<ref name="Guardian: Test Your Strength"/>
In September 2005 the company was again offered for sale by HgCapital which announced that it was seeking between £60 and £80 million.<ref>{{cite news|last=Wachman|first=Richard|title=Boosey & Hawkes Up for Sale as Owner Seeks Quick £80m|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2005/sep/18/theobserver.observerbusiness|work=The Observer|date=18 September 2005}}</ref> One of the interested buyers was Elevation Partners, a private equity firm which counts U2 lead singer Bono as a partner and managing director.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hopkins|first=Nic|title=Rock Meets Rachmaninov as Bono Firm Eyes Boosey & Hawkes|url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article580140.ece|work=The Times|date=19 October 2005 |location=London}}{{dead link|date=September 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Despite offers of about £115 million from a number of parties, the sale was later cancelled in November 2005.<ref>{{cite news|last=Dennis|first=Guy|title=Boosey & Hawkes Rebuffs Bono as Sale is Cancelled|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/main.jhtml?xml=/money/2005/11/20/cnbnh20.xml|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=19 November 2005}}{{dead link|date=July 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> In April 2008, Boosey & Hawkes was bought by the Dutch owned Imagem which was subsequently itself acquired by the American based Concord.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sisario|first=Ben|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/02/business/media/concord-bicycle-music-imagem-music-group.html|title=Concord Bicycle Music Adds to Its Catalog, Acquiring Imagem Music Group|date=2017-06-02|work=The New York Times|access-date=2020-02-18|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Concord later purchased Hans Sikorski in 2019, adding the German classical publisher to sit alongside Boosey & Hawkes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/concord-acquires-historic-classical-music-publisher-sikorski/|title=Concord acquires historic classical music publisher Sikorski|date=2019-06-13|website=Music Business Worldwide|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-18}}</ref>
Today, partly due to the foresight or business acumen of Ralph Hawkes, the company controls the copyrights in major 20th-century music.<ref name="Boosey website: Welcome"/> It also publishes many prominent contemporary composers and the company's New York branch has developed its own catalogue emphasising the works of American composers.<ref name="Grove: Boosey & Hawkes"/>
295 Regent Street, which was the home of Boosey & Company since 1874 and of Boosey & Hawkes' publishing business and music shop from 1930, was finally given up by the company in 2005 which then relocated to Aldwych House.<ref name="Boosey: Locations"/> Boosey & Hawkes Music Shop claims to have the UK's largest selection of printed music from all publishers, and operates a worldwide mail order service.<ref name="Boosey website: Wealth of Music">{{cite web|title=A Wealth of Music|url=http://www.boosey.com/pages/corporate/overview/wealthofmusic.asp|publisher=Boosey & Hawkes|access-date=24 May 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061223015313/http://www.boosey.com/pages/corporate/overview/wealthofmusic.asp|archive-date=23 December 2006|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
The company had a major division, BooseyMedia, that commissioned and produced music for radio, television and advertising jingles, and the administration of copyrights owned by media companies. This was split into commercial synchronisation and production music departments,<ref name="Imagem Production Music Blog: Welcome">{{cite web|title=Introducing Imagem Production Music, featuring the voice of Matt Berry|url=http://www.imagempm.com/UK/blog/?p=1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713012222/http://www.imagempm.com/UK/blog/?p=1|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-07-13|publisher=Imagem Production Music}}</ref> both under the Imagem name. The production library was sold in 2016.
In North America, Boosey & Hawkes' print sales catalogue is distributed by the Hal Leonard Corporation.
Boosey & Hawkes launched its Online Scores service in 2011, allowing customers to view full scores of works in its catalogue.<ref>{{cite web|title=Boosey & Hawkes puts scores online|url=http://www.thestrad.com/Article.asp?ArticleID=1870|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120913012510/http://www.thestrad.com/Article.asp?ArticleID=1870|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 September 2012|publisher=The Strad|access-date=27 December 2011}}</ref> In January 2017, British Library acquired the archive of Boosey & Hawkes.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.rhinegold.co.uk/classical_music/british-library-acquires-boosey-hawkes-archive/|title=British Library acquires Boosey & Hawkes archive - Rhinegold|work=Rhinegold|access-date=2017-11-08|language=en-US}}</ref>
==Parodies== The company was lampooned by ''The Goon Show'' as "Goosy and Borks" in their episode, "Lurgy Strikes Britain", as well as by musical parodist Peter Schickele who named one of the friends of fictional composer P.D.Q. Bach Jonathan "Boozey" Hawkes, and claimed him as a vital link in the chain whereby manuscripts of PDQ Bach's works had survived.<ref>[http://www.presser.com/shop/blaues-gras-bluegrass-cantata-s-5-string.html Programme notes for the Cantata: "Blaues Gras" (Bluegrass Cantata), S. 6 String For Tenor, Bass, Bluegrass Band, and Orchestra- P.D.Q. Bach. Edited by Prof. Peter Schickele. At presser.com] Accessed 4 March 2017</ref> Somewhat more recondite was the punning reference delivered in one of Gerard Hoffnung's parody concerts: "If Boosey's will Hawk it, Schott's will Tippett" (from Punkt Contrapunkt at Hoffnung Interplanetary Music Festival with John Amis, Royal Festival Hall, 21 and 22 November 1958)<!--Which parody concert? When? Where was it held? Where is it documented? Possibly here:--><ref>''Hoffnung's Music Festivals'', CD reissue, liner notes, EMI Records No. CMS 7633022, 1989</ref>{{Vague|date=March 2017}}
==See also== {{Portal|Companies}} * List of companies based in London
==References== {{Reflist|30em}}
==Further reading== <!--Please arrange chronologically.-->
===Articles=== *{{Cite journal|last=Mortimer|first=C. G.|year=1938–1939|title=Leading Music Publishers : Boosey & Hawkes Ltd.|journal=Musical Opinion|place=Luton, Bedfordshire|volume=62|pages=181–190|id=02|issn=0027-4623|ref=none}} *{{Cite journal|year=1941–1942|title=The Music Publisher of Tradition : The Booseys : Thomas and John; The Hawkes : William Henry and Oliver|journal=Musical Opinion|place=Luton, Bedfordshire|volume=65|pages=68|id=02|issn=0027-4623}} *{{cite news|title=Boosey & Hawkes Settle with Disney|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/main.jhtml?xml=/money/2001/01/19/cnmick19.xml|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=21 March 2001}}{{dead link|date=January 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} *{{cite news|last=Aldrick|first=Philip|title=Boosey in Talks with Lenders after Account Irregularities|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/main.jhtml?xml=/money/2001/05/01/cnboos01.xml|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=1 May 2001|ref=none}}{{dead link|date=January 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} *{{cite news|last=Fagan|first=Mary|title=Boosey & Hawkes Faces £50m Bid|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/2736523/Boosey-and-Hawkes-faces-50m-bid.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=7 October 2001|ref=none}} *{{cite news|last=Aldrick|first=Philip|title=Steinway Quits Boosey Auction|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/2753063/Steinway-quits-Boosey-auction.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=13 February 2002|ref=none}} *{{cite news|last=Parkinson|first=Gary|title=Equity Groups Make a Play for Boosey|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/main.jhtml?xml=/money/2002/02/25/cnboos25.xml|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=25 February 2002|ref=none}}{{dead link|date=January 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} *{{cite news|last=Osborne|first=Alistair|title=Boosey & Hawkes in Sale Talks|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/main.jhtml?xml=/money/2002/05/01/cnbnh01.xml|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=30 April 2002|ref=none}}{{dead link|date=January 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} *{{cite news|last=Jay|first=Adam|title=Boosey Stands Firm on EMI Deal|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/main.jhtml?xml=/money/2003/05/28/cnemi28.xml|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=27 May 2003|ref=none}}{{dead link|date=January 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} *{{cite news|last=Jay|first=Adam|title=Final Notes Sound in Boosey Sale Opera|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/2862716/Final-notes-sound-in-Boosey-sale-opera.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=11 September 2003|ref=none}} *{{cite news|last=Jay|first=Adam|title=Fresh Bidder Chimes in on Boosey Sale|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/2862799/Fresh-bidder-chimes-in-on-Boosey-sale.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=10 September 2003|ref=none}} *{{cite news|last=Lawson|first=Annie|title=Boosey Trumpets £40m Buyout|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2003/sep/10/citynews.media|work=The Guardian|date=10 September 2003|ref=none}} *{{cite news|last=Osborne|first=Alistair|title=Boosey Prepared for Trio of Suitors|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/2863372/Boosey-prepared-for-trio-of-suitors.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=17 September 2003|ref=none}} *{{cite news|last=Osborne|first=Alistair|title=Hg Offer Tops Boosey Buyout|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/2865074/Hg-offer-tops-Boosey-buyout.html|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=4 October 2003|ref=none}} *{{cite news|last=Milmo|first=Dan|title=La Donna e mobile? Key in a Classic Ringtone|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2004/nov/23/arts.media|work=The Guardian|date=23 November 2004|ref=none}} *{{cite news|last=Hopkins|first=Nic|title=Clamour of Interest in £130m Sale of Boosey|url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article568473.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612021123/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article568473.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 June 2011|work=The Times|date=20 September 2005 |location=London|ref=none}} *{{cite news|last=Jagger|first=Suzy|title=Instrumental Role in Music-Making|url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/article1098289.ece|work=The Times|date=20 March 2003 |location=London|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612020919/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/article1098289.ece|archive-date=12 June 2011|ref=none}} *{{cite news|last=Wallace|first=Helen|title=Musical Marriage that Soared – and Soured|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2007/04/26/bmbnh126.xml|work=The Daily Telegraph|department=Review|date=26 April 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604110251/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/classicalmusic/3664684/Musical-marriage-that-soared-and-soured.html|archive-date=4 June 2011|ref=none}} *Blaikley, D. J. (David James); William C. Smith & Peter Ward Jones. "Boosey & Hawkes". Grove Music Online (L. Macy, ed.). Retrieved 14 June 2007.
===Books=== *{{cite book|last=Boosey|first=William|title=Fifty Years of Music|url=https://archive.org/details/fiftyyearsofmusi002543mbp|location=London|publisher=Ernest Benn|year=1931|oclc=1150185|ref=none}} *{{cite book|last=Wallace|first=Helen|title=Boosey & Hawkes: The Publishing Story|location=London|publisher=Boosey & Hawkes Music Publishers Ltd|year=2007|isbn=978-0-85162-514-0|ref=none}}
==External links== * {{Commons category-inline|Boosey & Hawkes}}
{{Concord Music Group}} {{Authority control}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Boosey and Hawkes}} Category:Brass instrument manufacturing companies Category:Musical instrument manufacturing companies based in London Category:Music publishing companies of the United Kingdom Category:Opera publishing companies Category:Publishing companies based in London Category:Publishing companies established in 1930 Category:Sheet music publishing companies Category:British companies established in 1930 Category:Companies based in the City of Westminster