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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}} This is a '''list of dissenting academies''' in England and Wales operating in the 19th century. Over this period the religious disabilities of English dissenters were lifted within the educational system, and the rationale for the existence of a system of general education parallel to that requiring Church of England beliefs therefore fell away. This provision of general education for dissenters was one of two functions of the academies, the other being the training of ministers (Presbyterian, Congregationalist, Baptist, Methodist and Unitarian). As the century progressed, there were the administrative changes and migrations seen in the 18th century, but also a gradual merging of some of the stronger dissenting academies into the developing university system. Colleges that were in effect nonconformist seminaries could also become theological institutions within universities. By the end of the century the remaining independent "dissenting" system in practical terms had become a network of nonconformist theological colleges.
See List of dissenting academies (1660–1800) for the earlier history. See also List of English and Welsh endowed schools (19th century) for the parallel system of grammar schools.
==List== {|border=1 |- !Institution !Dates !Tutors !Students |- |'''Spring Hill College''', Birmingham. Founded, under the patronage of George Storer Mansfield (1764–1837) and his two sisters Sarah (1767–1853) and Elizabeth (1772–1847), as a seminary for the Congregational ministry in 1838, and closed in 1886 when the institution moved to Mansfield College, Oxford.<ref name="Massie">{{ODNBweb|id=58254|title=Massie, John|first=Ian|last=Machin}}</ref> The old building became Moseley School. |1838–1886 |John Massie;<ref name="Massie"/> Henry Rogers;<ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle=Rogers, Henry (1806-1877)}}</ref> Thomas Richard Barker.<ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle=Barker, Thomas Richard}}</ref> |Robert William Dale<ref>{{ODNBweb|id=7015|title=Dale, Robert William|first=R. Tudur|last= Jones|authorlink=R. Tudur Jones}}</ref> |- |Blackburn Academy. Refounded in Whalley Range, Withington, Lancashire, as Lancashire Independent College in 1843,<ref>{{ODNBweb|id=23041|title=Raleigh, Alexander|first=R. Tudur|last= Jones|authorlink=R. Tudur Jones}}</ref> by George Hadfield, Thomas Raffles and William Roby.<ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle=Hadfield, George (1787-1879)}}</ref> Later known as Northern Congregational College. | | | |- |Cheshunt College.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66624 |title=The city of Cambridge – Theological colleges | A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume 3 (pp. 139–141) |publisher=British-history.ac.uk |date=2003-06-22 |accessdate=2012-09-02}}</ref> Moved to Cheshunt from Trefeca, Wales. |1792–1906. In 1906 moved to Cheshunt College, Cambridge. |Early presidents were: Isaac Nicholson, Andrew Horne, Richard Owen, Henry Draper, Josiah Richards, John James, William Kemp, Jacob Kirkman Foster.<ref>{{cite book|author=Aaron Crossley Hobart Seymour|title=The Life and Times of Selina, Countess of Huntingdon|url=https://archive.org/details/lifetimesofseli02seym|accessdate=19 December 2012|year=1839|publisher=William Edward Painter|page=[https://archive.org/details/lifetimesofseli02seym/page/536 536]}}</ref> Tutors Joseph Sortain (1838–1850),<ref>W. J. Mander, Alan P. F. Sell, Gavin Budge (editors), ''The Dictionary of Nineteenth-century British Philosophers'', Volume 2 (2002), p. 1045.</ref>John Harris (1839–1850);<ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle=Harris, John (1802-1856)}}</ref> Philip Smith (1840–1850).<ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle=Smith, Philip}}</ref> William Hendry Stowell, president 1850,<ref>Stowell is in the DNB.</ref> Henry Robert Reynolds, president 1860–94.<ref>Reynolds is in the DNB.</ref> |Henry Allon. |- |Hackney Theological College, a Congregational seminary,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=22714 |title=Hackney – Protestant Nonconformity | A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 10 (pp. 130–144) |publisher=British-history.ac.uk |date= |accessdate=2012-09-02}}</ref> going by a number of names (Hoxton Academy, Hackney Academy, Highbury College, but see below). It eventually became part of New College, London. |1803 |George Collison | |- |Madras House school, Hackney<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=22718 |title=Hackney: Education |editor=T.F.T. Baker |publisher=Institute of Historical Research |date=1995 |work=A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 10: Hackney |accessdate=30 October 2012 }}</ref> |1817 |John Allen, Alexander Allen |William Smith |- |Homerton Academy, later merged into New College, London |In operation 1800, merged c.1840. | | |- |Idle, became Airedale Independent College in 1826. From 1834 in Undercliffe, and from 1877 in Bradford. In 1888 Rotherham and Airedale became Yorkshire United College, Bradford.<ref name = "Vint">{{DNB Cite|wstitle=Vint, William}}</ref><ref>[http://surman.english.qmul.ac.uk/academyDisplay.php?masterid=418 Surman Index: Idle Academy] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110830073745/http://surman.english.qmul.ac.uk/academyDisplay.php?masterid=418 |date=2011-08-30 }}</ref> |1800–1888 |William Vint, tutor from 1795;<ref name = "Vint"/> William Benton Clulow;<ref>{{DNB Cite|wstitle=Clulow, William Benton}}</ref> Andrew Martin Fairbairn, principal 1877 to 1886. Robert Harley.<ref>{{cite DNB12|wstitle=Harley, Robert|volume=2}}</ref> |Charles Albert Berry, John Kelly, John Waddington. |- |Manchester Academy; then in York, Manchester again, London, and Oxford. Became Harris Manchester College, Oxford. |Operating in 1800. | | |- |New College London.<ref>[http://surman.english.qmul.ac.uk/academyDisplay.php?masterid=558 Surman Index: New College, London] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110830074211/http://surman.english.qmul.ac.uk/academyDisplay.php?masterid=558 |date=2011-08-30 }}</ref> It was a Congregational academy formed by the amalgamation of the final form of Daventry Academy as Coward College, Highgate Academy, and Homerton College. |1850–1900. In 1900 it became part of the University of London, |John Harris, Robert Halley.<ref>Halley is in the DNB.</ref> | |- |Cavendish College, in Manchester, became Nottingham Congregational Institute in 1863. The founder Joseph Parker withdrew after a quarrel in the very early stages (1860–1) and John Brown Paton became principal; John Radford Thomson was also on the teaching staff.<ref>{{cite ODNB|id=35386|title=Parker, Joseph|first=R.|last= Tudur Jones}}</ref><ref>{{cite DNB12|wstitle=Paton, John Brown|volume=3}}</ref> In 1921 it became Paton Congregational College.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/manuscriptsandspecialcollections/collectionsindepth/non-conformistchurches/patoncongregationalcollege.aspx|title=''Paton Congregational College, Nottingham'' – The University of Nottingham|accessdate=8 July 2014}}</ref> | | | |- |Penryn, Cornwall |1800–1820 |Richard Cope<ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle=Cope, Richard}}</ref> |Thomas Byrth, John Nichols Thom.<ref>{{cite ODNB|id=4284|title=Byrth, Thomas|first=H. C. G.|last=Matthew}}</ref><ref>{{cite ODNB|id=27504|title=Thom, John Nichols|first=Basil|last=Morgan}}</ref> |- |Rotherham Independent Academy |Opened 1795<ref>[http://www.rotherhamweb.co.uk/academy/ rotherhamweb.co.uk/, ''Rotherham Independent Academy''.]</ref> |Edward Williams to 1813.<ref>{{cite book|author=Alan P. F. Sell|title=Philosophy, Dissent and Nonconformity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t88K8CNVEZ4C&pg=PA46|year=2004|publisher=James Clarke & Co.|isbn=978-0-227-67977-7|page=46}}</ref> | |- |Stepney Academy, became ultimately Regent's Park College, Oxford |1810 |A Baptist foundation, growing out of the Baptist Education Society (1804) set up in London by Abraham Booth and others.<ref>{{cite ODNB|id=2871|title=Booth, Abraham|first=E. F.|last=Clipsham}}</ref> | |}
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dissenting academies (19th century)}} *19th century Category:History of education in England Category:United Kingdom religion-related lists Category:United Kingdom education-related lists Category:Lists of schools in England Category:Lists of schools in Wales