{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} {{Infobox mountain | name = Birkhouse Moor | image = Birkhouse_Moor.jpg | image_caption = Striding Edge and Birkhouse Moor (right)<br />from St Sunday Crag | elevation_m = 718 | elevation_ref = | prominence = ''c.'' {{convert|20|m|ft|abbr=on}} | parent_peak = [[Helvellyn]] | listing = [[List of Wainwrights|Wainwright]], [[Nuttall (hill)|Nuttall]] | location = [[Cumbria]], [[England]] | range = [[Lake District]], [[Eastern Fells]] | coordinates = {{coord|54.53526|N|2.98441|W|type:mountain_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | grid_ref_UK = NY364160 | topo = [[Ordnance Survey|OS]] ''Explorer'' OL5 | map = United Kingdom Lake District | map_caption = Location in Lake District, UK }}
'''Birkhouse Moor''' is a [[fell]] in the [[England|English]] [[Lake District]], an outlier of the [[Helvellyn range]] in the [[Eastern Fells]]. It is properly an eastern ridge of [[Helvellyn]], but was treated as a separate fell by [[Alfred Wainwright]] in his ''[[Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells]]''. That convention is followed here.
==Topography== Running east from the summit of Helvellyn is Striding Edge, a knife-edged [[arête]] which provides the most famous fell-walking in the District. The ridge turns a little to the north at the rocky turret of High Spying How and then drops to a grassy saddle, known as Hole-in-the-Wall. North east of here the ridge broadens into a wide plateau, appearing in plan like a three taloned claw. This plateau, about a mile wide, is Birkhouse Moor. The three talons are the short spurs of Keldas, The Nab and the unnamed northern ridge.
To the south of the Striding Edge–Birkhouse Moor ridge runs the long valley of Grisedale, emptying into the head of [[Ullswater]]. There are small pockets of mixed woodland on the lower slopes and above these the valley wall is steep sided with some outcropping rock.[[Image:Birkhouse Moor Map.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Map showing Birkhouse Moor and surrounding area from 1925.]]
The northern side of Birkhouse Moor is bounded by the more complex Glenridding valley system. Glenridding Beck has three principal southern tributaries: Mires Beck, Bleacove Beck and Red Tarn Beck. Mires Beck flows from Little Cove, a small [[Cirque|corrie]] separating Keldas and the Nab. Bleacove Beck empties Blea Cove, a short side valley between The Nab and the north ridge. Red Tarn Beck forms the western perimeter of Birkhouse Moor, draining the large [[tarn (lake)|tarn]] of that name nestling beneath the summit of Helvellyn. There is more rock on this side, with Nab Crag rising above Blea Cove and extensive outcropping on all three ridges. There remains evidence on the Glenridding slopes of the former activities of [[Greenside Mine]]. Several leats and pipelines can still be traced which once captured the water of these streams for industrial use.
Keldas is separated from the main body of Birkhouse Moor by a small depression containing Lanty's Tarn. This small waterbody gains its name from Lancelot Dobson, an earlier landowner. It was later bought by the owners of Patterdale Hall, the Marshall family, and extended by damming. In addition to fishing, the tarn was used as a source of ice in winter, and the ice house still stands nearby.<ref>Blair, Don: ''Exploring Lakeland Tarns'': Lakeland Manor Press(2003) {{ISBN|0-9543904-1-5}}</ref> The summit of Keldas is privately owned but public access is permitted. Standing above the head of Ullswater it provides superb views down the lake, with the ‘Keldas Pines’ giving an excellent foreground for pictures.<ref>Richards, Mark:''Near Eastern Fells'':Collins (2003) {{ISBN|0-00-711366-8}}</ref>
==Geology== The summit area is composed of the [[dacite|dacitic]] [[lapilli tuff]] of the Helvellyn Formation. The overlying [[volcaniclastic]] [[sandstone]] of the Deepdale Formation is revealed at Keldas.<ref name="BGS">[[British Geological Survey]]: 1:50,000 series maps, ''England & Wales Sheet 29'': BGS (1999)</ref>
==Summit== Birkhouse Moor has two summits. The true top is on the main ridge to Striding Edge, which is followed by a stone wall. A cairn has been built a little to the west, but the wall appears to cross the highest point. The north top ({{convert|2315|ft|disp=semicolon}}) lies {{convert|1/4|mile|m|spell=in|-1}} away at the meeting point of The Nab and the north ridge. A cairn has also been built here and there are good views to the north. Between the two tops is an area of marshy ground with a number of small tarns.
==Ascents== Acting as a staging post on the popular ascent of Helvellyn from Patterdale, Birkhouse Moor is crossed by a number of major routes. The ridge can be gained from the Glenridding side via Mires Beck or Lanty's Tarn. From the mouth of Grisedale a path climbs to the Hole-in-the-Wall, with variations allowing the summit to be visited or bypassed. Pathless climbs can also be made up The Nab or the north ridge from Glenridding. The view from the true summit is dominated by Helvellyn and the encircling arms of Striding and Swirral Edges.<ref>[[Alfred Wainwright]]:''[[A Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells]]'', Book 1: {{ISBN|0-7112-2454-4}}</ref>
==References== <references/>
{{Eastern Fells}}
[[Category:Fells of the Lake District]] [[Category:Nuttalls]] [[Category:Hewitts of England]] [[Category:Patterdale]]