{{Short description|Canadian scientist (1908–2001)}} '''William Edwin Ricker''', {{Post-nominals|country=CAN|OC|FRSC}} (August 11, 1908 &ndash; September 8, 2001) was a Canadian entomologist and important founder of fisheries science. He is best known for the Ricker model,<ref>Ricker (1954)</ref> which he developed in his studies of stock and recruitment in fisheries. The model can be used to predict the number of fish that will be present in a fishery.<ref>de Vries et al.</ref><ref>Marland</ref> He also had an international standing as an entomologist and a scientific editor. He published 296 papers and books, 238 translations, and 148 scientific or literary manuscripts.<ref name="Beamish">Beamish et al.</ref> His 1958 publication, "Handbook of computation for biological statistics of fish populations" and later updates were the standard books on the subject for decades.

==Achievements== Born in Waterdown, Ontario; Ricker was an authority in the taxonomy of stoneflies, and evolved an elegant classification which his fellow entomologists praised as "a thing of beauty and simplicity that made evolutionary sense".<ref name="Beamish"/>

In fisheries, he researched issues centred on Canadian fisheries and how to manage them. He is known particularly for his 1954 paper on recruitment and stock. He is also known for his ''Handbook of Computation for Biological Statistics of Fish Populations'', published in 1958.<ref>Ricker (1958)</ref> This 348-page handbook became the standard reference for students and professionals around the world. It is still used in China as the standard text for fisheries science.<ref name="Beamish"/>

In 1950 Ricker became editor of the [http://journalseek.net/cgi-bin/journalseek/journalsearch.cgi?field=issn&query=0015-296X ''Journal of the Fisheries Research Board''], and during his twelve-year tenure developed this into perhaps the most influential fisheries science journal in the world.<ref name="Beamish"/>

In his 1969 paper, ''Food from the sea'', he reasoned that the quantity of food that could be harvested from the sea would be 150–160 million tonnes or 2.5 times the level in 1968. He demonstrated that an estimate of 100 million tonnes was too low and an estimate of 200 million tonnes was too high.<ref>Ricker (1969)</ref>

Ricker taught himself Russian so he could read the original papers of Feodor Baranov, a Russian fisheries scientist.<ref name="Beamish"/> In 1973 he published a 428-page Russian–English dictionary on terminology in hydrobiological science for students of fisheries and aquatic biology (Ricker 1973). This dictionary remains the only specialized text on fisheries terminology.<ref>Ricker (1973)</ref>

==Honours== His medals and awards include: in 1970 the Flavelle Medal, in 1966 the Professional Institute of the Public Service of Canada Gold Medal, and in 1983 the F.E.J. Fry Medal. In 1969, he received the first Award of Excellence of the American Fisheries Society. On his death in 2001, the Society established the William E. Ricker Resource Conservation Award. The University of Manitoba, Dalhousie University, and the University of Guelph, awarded him honorary doctoral degrees, and in 1986 he was appointed to the Order of Canada.<ref name="Beamish"/>

The Canadian Coast Guard fisheries research vessel CCGS ''W.E. Ricker'' is named after him.

==Notes== {{reflist|2}}

==Other references== * Beamish, R J; Noakes, D J; Noakes D L G and Beamish, F W H (2003) [https://web.archive.org/web/20070306184140/http://pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/rp/rppdf/f03-900.pdf William Edwin Ricker, OC, FRSC, LLD, DSc] * {{citation | authorlink1 = Gerda de Vries | last1 = de Vries | first1 = Gerda | last2 = Hillen | first2 = Thomas | last3 = Lewis | first3 = Mark | last4 = Schonfisch | first4 = Birgitt | last5 = Muller | first5 = Johannes | date = 2006 | title = A Course in Mathematical Biology: | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Vz1pL7FxHN8C&dq=%22Ricker+model%22&pg=PA212 | chapter = The Ricker model | publisher = SIAM | pages = 212–219 | isbn = 978-0-89871-612-2 }} * Marland, Eric [https://web.archive.org/web/20060901224108/http://www1.appstate.edu/~marland/math_bio/fisheries.htm ''Analysis of the Ricker Model''] * Noakes, David L. G. (Ed.) (2006) [https://books.google.com/books?id=8aYNrPg5KhgC&dq=Ricker+%22+Stock+and+recruitment.%22&pg=PA26 ''Bill Ricker: an appreciation''] シュプリンガー・ジャパン株式会社, {{ISBN|978-1-4020-4707-7}}. * ''A Passion for Science: Bill Ricker &mdash; A Scientific Journey'' VHS Videotape, Canada, IM, 1994. * Ricker, W. E. (1954) [http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/f54-039 Stock and Recruitment] ''Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada'', '''11'''(5): 559–623. {{doi|10.1139/f54-039}} * Ricker, W E (1958) ''Handbook of computation for biological statistics of fish populations''. Bulletin 119 of the Fisheries Resource Board, Canada, Ottawa. * Ricker, W E (1969) ''Food from the sea. In Resources and man, a study and recommendation report of the Committee on Resources and Man'', US National Academy of Sciences, Chap 5. W H Freeman, San Francisco, pp.&nbsp;87–108. * Ricker, W E (1973) ''Russian–English dictionary for students of fisheries and aquatic biology''. Bulletin 183 of the Fisheries Resource Board, Canada, Ottawa.

==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110711004500/http://www2.fisheries.com/archive/publications/fishbytes/7-5.pdf William E. Ricker, 1908-2001] ''Fisheries Centre Newsletter'', '''7'''(5): 1–2.

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ricker, Bill}} Category:1908 births Category:2001 deaths Category:Canadian entomologists Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada Category:Fisheries scientists Category:Officers of the Order of Canada Category:Scientists from Hamilton, Ontario Category:20th-century Canadian zoologists Category:Presidents of the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography