Theodore Bibliander

{{Short description|Swiss publisher}} thumb|200px|Theodore Bibliander '''Theodore''' (or '''Theodorus''') '''Bibliander''' ({{langx|de|Theodor Buchmann}}; 1509 – 26 September 1564) was a Swiss orientalist, publisher, Protestant reformer and linguist.

==Biography== Born Theodor Buchmann (''Bibliander'' is a Greek translation of this surname) in Bischofszell in 1509, he studied Latin under Oswald Myconius, and Greek and Hebrew under Jakob Ceporin, and attended lectures in Basel between 1525 and 1527 given by Johannes Oecolampadius and Konrad Pelikan. He also became familiar with the Arabic language and other languages from the East; he became a professor of theology. He published a Hebrew grammar in 1535, and commentaries on the Bible.

Johannes Oporinus printed Bibliander's edition of the Qur'an in Latin<ref>{{Cite book |last=Werthmüller |first=Hans |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=luVbAAAAMAAJ |title=Tausend Jahre Literatur in Basel |date=1980-01-01 |publisher=Birkhäuser Basel |isbn=3-7643-1173-8 |edition=1st|location=Basel |page=127 |language=de}}</ref> (Basel, 1543), which was based on the medieval translation of Robert of Ketton. The edition included the entire Toledan Collection, including ''Doctrina Machumet'', a translation of the Arabic theological tract known as the ''Book of One Thousand Questions''. Considered the father of biblical exegesis in Switzerland, Bibliander became involved in a doctrinal controversy with Pietro Martire Vermigli (Peter Martyr) over predestination; he was removed from his theological professorship at the ''Carolinum'' academy in 1560. He died of the plague in Zürich on 26 September 1564, at the age of 54–55.

==Works== *''Institutionum grammaticarum de lingua Hebraea liber unus'', Zürich, 1535 *''De optimo genere grammaticorum Hebraicorum'', Hieronymus Curio, Zürich, 1542 *''Machumetis Saracenorum principis eiusque successorum vitae ac doctrina ipseque Alcoran'', Johannes Oporin, Basel, 1543, 1550. (Qur'an: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110621061209/http://sites.univ-lyon2.fr/lesmondeshumanistes/category/dialogue-chretiens-islam/ on-line text with critical apparatus in French], [https://web.archive.org/web/20110707004741/http://www.ub.unibas.ch/kadmos/gg/hi/higg0459.htm on-line text with critical apparatus in German]) *''Relatio fidelis'', Johannes Oporin, Basel, 1545 *''[https://books.google.com/books?id=2XITAAAAQAAJ De ratione communi omnium linguarum et litterarum commentarius]'', Christoph Froschauer, Zürich, 1548 *''De ratione temporum'', Johannes Oporin, Basel, 1551 *''Temporum a condito mundo usque ad ultimam ipsius aetatem supputatio'', Johannses Oporin, Basel, 1558

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== {{Commons category|Theodor Bibliander}} *{{BBKL|b/bibliander_t|autor=Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz|band=1|spalten=577-578}} *{{PRDL|144}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bibliander, Theodore}} Category:1509 births Category:1564 deaths Category:People from Weinfelden District Category:Swiss Calvinist and Reformed theologians Category:16th-century Swiss scientists Category:16th-century deaths from plague (disease) Category:Translators of the Quran into Latin Category:Infectious disease deaths in Switzerland Category:16th-century Calvinist and Reformed theologians Category:Academic staff of Carolinum, Zurich Category:Christian Hebraists