Apocalypse Peaks

{{Short description|Group of Peaks in Victorialand (Eastern Antarctica)}} {{Infobox mountain | image =File:Apocalypse Peaks ASTER.jpg | image_caption=Satellite image of the Apocalypse Peaks | country=Antarctica | country_type=Continent | region_type =Region | region=Victoria Land | parent= | borders_on= | coordinates = | length_km= | length_note = | width_km= | width_note = | highest= | elevation_m= | elevation_note= | map = Antarctica | map_alt = | map_caption = | map_size = | label = Apocalypse Peaks | label_position = | range_coordinates = {{coord|77|23|S|160|51|E|name=Apocalypse Peaks|display=it}} | range_coordinates_note = | geology= | age= | orogeny= }} The '''Apocalypse Peaks''' ({{coord|77|23|S|160|51|E|name=Apocalypse Peaks}}) are a group of peaks with a highest point of {{convert|2360|m}}, standing east of Willett Range and between Barwick Valley and Balham Valley, in Victoria Land, Antarctica.{{sfn|Alberts|1995|p=24}} {{TOC limit|2}} ==Name== The Apocalypse Peaks were so named by the Victoria University of Wellington Antarctic Expedition (1958–59) because the peaks are cut by talus slopes which gives them the appearance of the "Riders of the Apocalypse."{{sfn|Alberts|1995|p=24}}

==Location== thumb|Insel Range north of center of mapped region The Apocalypse Peaks are bounded by the Barwick Valley to the northeast and the Balham Valley to the southeast. The Willett Range lies to the west, the Cruzen Range (formerly part of the Clare Range) to the north, the Insel Range to the southeast and the Olympus Range to the south.{{sfn|Taylor Glacier USGS}}

==Southern features== {{geogroup}} Features of the south of the peaks include, from west to east, ===Edbrooke Hill=== {{coord|-77.394444|160.638333}}. A hill, {{convert|2100|m}} high, at the extreme west end of the Apocalypse Peaks. The hill rises {{convert|100|m}} high above the adjacent plateau ice, which diverges at the hill to the east-northeast-flowing Haselton Glacier and the east-flowing Huka Kapo Glacier. Named by New Zealand Geographic Board (NZGB) (2005) after Steven Edbrooke, geologist, New Zealand Geological Survey, who mapped coal measures at Mount Fleming, Shapeless Mountain, and Mount Electra in 1982-83; in upper Wright Valley, Clare Range, and Willett Range, 1992-93.{{sfn|Edbrooke Hill USGS}}

===Huka Kapo Glacier=== {{coord|-77.40134|160.700585}}. A glacier from the plateau of Willett Range. It flows east, southward of Edbrooke Hill, and terminates nearly midway along the south side of Apocalypse Peaks. “Huka Kapo” is a Maori word, meaning driving hail, and was applied descriptively to this glacier by the New Zealand Geographic Board in 2005.{{sfn|Huka Kapo Glacier USGS}}

===Bryan Glacier=== {{coord|-77.4041667|160.9291667}}. A glacier that flows south from a divide with Papitashvili Valley. Named by the New Zealand Geographic Board (2005) after John Bryan, an Australian coal geologist who led a party in mapping the Permian coal measures at Mount Fleming, Shapeless Mountain, and Mount Electra during one visit in 1982-83.{{sfn|Bryan Glacier USGS}}

===Rose Crest=== {{coord|-77.390611|160.938061}}. A summit about {{convert|2000|m}} high at the south end of Wendler Spur. The feature stands between the head of Albert Valley and Papitashvili Valley. Named by the New Zealand Geographic Board (2005) after Geoffrey (Toby) Rose, leader of a party that investigated coal measures in the Mount Bastion and Sponsors Peak area, 1984-85.{{sfn|Rose Crest USGS}}

===Pūanu Glacier=== {{coord|-77.3916667|160.9777778}}. A glacier that occupies the upper portion of Papitashvili Valley. “Pūanu” is a Maori word, meaning intense cold, and was applied descriptively to this glacier in 2005 by the New Zealand Geographic Board.{{sfn|Pūanu Glacier USGS}}

===Turnbull Peak=== {{coord|-77.39048|161.021851}}. A peak rising to {{convert|1600|m}} high at the head of Hernandez Valley. Named by the New Zealand Geographic Board (NZGB) (2005) after Ian Turnbull, an Institute of Geology and Nuclear Sciences geologist, who was a member of geology mapping parties at Asgard Range, Victoria Valley, Saint Johns Range, and at the Mackay Glacier and Wilson Piedmont Glacier areas in several field seasons 1988-89 to 1997-98.{{sfn|Turnbull Peak USGS}}

==Northern features== Features of the north of the peaks include, from west to east, ===Mount Dragovan=== {{coord|-77.381343|160.707434}}. The highest summit in Apocalypse Peaks, rising to {{convert|2360|m}} high west of Wreath Valley in the west part of the group. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2005) after astronomer Mark W. Dragovan, who (1986) collaborated with Yerkes engineer Robert J. Pernic to build a telescope to observe the early formation of structure in the universe; nine field seasons at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station Center for Astrophysical Research in Antarctica, 1988-2000.{{sfn|Mount Dragovan USGS}}

===Lazzara Ledge=== {{coord|-77.376868|160.769899}}. A flat-topped ridge rising to {{convert|1900|m}} high northeast of Mount Dragovan. The ledge comprises the central part of the divide between Haselton Glacier and Wreath Valley. Named by US-ACAN (2005) after Matthew A. Lazzara of the United States Antarctic Project (USAP) Antarctic Meteorological Research Center field team, who worked in the McMurdo Station area and at other Antarctic locations in eight summer seasons, 1994-2004.{{sfn|Lazzara Ledge USGS}}

===Wreath Valley=== {{coord|-77.378213|160.825878}}. An ice-free valley between Lazzara Ledge and Conway Peak. It is the westmost in a group of four aligned hanging valleys. So named by US-ACAN (2005) from an ice and rock formation on the valley headwall, which is wreathlike in appearance and visible from a great distance.{{sfn|Wreath Valley USGS}}

===Conway Peak=== {{coord|-77.370278|160.895833}}. An ice-free peak which rises to {{convert|1800|m}} high between the foot of Wreath Valley and Albert Valley. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2005) after Maurice Conway of Thames, New Zealand; field guide in eight summer seasons for German expeditions to Victoria Land, Marie Byrd Land, and Queen Maud Land, 1979-2000; field guide/technician in six seasons, 1997-2004, for United States Antarctic Project (USAP) at Roosevelt Island and west Marie Byrd Land ice streams.{{sfn|Conway Peak USGS}}

===Wendler Spur=== {{coord|77|22|30|S|160|58|30|E}}. A rock spur that descends north between Albert Valley and Papitashvili Valley. Named by US-ACAN (2005) after Gerd Wendler, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK; a USAP member in an international collaboration (France, Australia, United States) to study katabatic winds and their interaction with sea ice at Adélie Coast and George V Coast; several field seasons 1979-2001.{{sfn|Wendler Spur AADC}}

===Besson Spur=== {{coord|-77.383333|161.029167}}. A rock spur that descends north between Papitashvili Valley and Hernandez Valley. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2005) after David Z. Besson, Physics Department, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; AMANDA and related research at Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station; eight field seasons 1997-2004.{{sfn|Besson Spur USGS}}

==References== {{Reflist|25em}}

==Sources==  {{sfn whitelist|CITEREFBesson_Spur_USGS|CITEREFBryan_Glacier_USGS|CITEREFConway_Peak_USGS|CITEREFEdbrooke_Hill_USGS}} {{sfn whitelist|CITEREFHuka_Kapo_Glacier_USGS|CITEREFLazzara_Ledge_USGS|CITEREFMount_Dragovan_USGS}} {{sfn whitelist|CITEREFPūanu_Glacier_USGS|CITEREFRose_Crest_USGS|CITEREFTurnbull_Peak_USGS|CITEREFWreath_Valley_USGS}} {{refbegin}} *{{citation|url=https://pubs.usgs.gov/fedgov/70039167/report.pdf |accessdate=2024-01-30 |edition=2 |editor-last=Alberts |title=Geographic Names of the Antarctic |editor-first=Fred G. |publisher=United States Board on Geographic Names |year=1995}} {{Include-USGov |agency=United States Board on Geographic Names}} *{{cite gnis2 |type=antarid |id=18727 |name=Besson Spur}} *{{cite gnis2 |type=antarid |id=18780 |name=Bryan Glacier}} *{{cite gnis2 |type=antarid |id=18730 |name=Conway Peak}} *{{cite gnis2 |type=antarid |id=18783 |name=Edbrooke Hill}} *{{cite gnis2 |type=antarid |id=18787 |name=Huka Kapo Glacier}} *{{cite gnis2 |type=antarid |id=18748 |name=Lazzara Ledge}} *{{cite gnis2 |type=antarid |id=18736 |name=Mount Dragovan}} *{{cite gnis2 |type=antarid |id=18791 |name=Pūanu Glacier}} *{{cite gnis2 |type=antarid |id=18792 |name=Rose Crest}} *{{citation |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:C77198s1_Ant.Map_Taylor_Glacier.jpg |accessdate=2024-02-13 |title=Taylor Glacier |publisher=USGS: United States Geological Survey |ref={{harvid|Taylor Glacier USGS}} }} *{{cite gnis2 |type=antarid |id=18796 |name=Turnbull Peak}} *{{citation |url=https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/gaz/display_name.cfm?gaz_id=136418 |accessdate=2024-02-19 |title=Wendler Spur |publisher=AADC Australian Antarctic Data Centre |ref={{harvid|Wendler Spur AADC}} }} *{{cite gnis2 |type=antarid |id=18770 |name=Wreath Valley}} {{refend}}

Category:Mountains of Victoria Land Category:Pennell Coast