{{short description|French theoretical physicist (born 1952)}} thumb|Bernard Julia at Harvard University '''Bernard Julia''' (born 1952 in Paris) is a French theoretical physicist who has made contributions to the theory of supergravity.<ref>{{citation | last = Slansky | first = Richard C. | year = 1988 | title = Particle Physics: A Los Alamos Primer | editor1-last = Cooper | editor1-first = Necia Grant | editor2-last = West | editor2-first = Geoffrey B. | pages = 72–86 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | contribution = Toward a Unified Theory: An Essay on the Role of Supergravity in the search for Unification }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Duff | first = Michael J. | author-link = Michael Duff (physicist) | date = February 1998 | journal = Scientific American | pages = 64–69 | title = The Theory Formerly Known as Strings | volume = 278 | issue = 2 | doi = 10.1038/scientificamerican0298-64 | bibcode = 1998SciAm.278b..64D }}</ref> He graduated from Université Paris-Sud in 1978, and is directeur de recherche with the CNRS working at the École Normale Supérieure. In 1978, together with Eugène Cremmer and Joël Scherk, he constructed eleven-dimensional supergravity.<ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Cremmer | first1 = E. |last2 = Julia | first2 = B. |last3 = Scherk | first3 = J. |title = Supergravity Theory in 11 Dimensions |journal = Phys. Lett. B |volume = 76 | issue = 4 |year = 1978 |pages = 409–412 |doi = 10.1016/0370-2693(78)90894-8|bibcode = 1978PhLB...76..409C }}</ref> Shortly afterwards, Cremmer and Julia constructed the classical Lagrangian for four-dimensional ''N''=8 supergravity by dimensional reduction from the 11-dimensional theory.<ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Cremmer | first1 = E. |last2 = Julia | first2 = B. |title = The ''N''=8 supergravity theory. 1. The Lagrangian |journal = Phys. Lett. B |volume = 80 | issue = 1–2 |year = 1978 |pages = 48–51 |doi = 10.1016/0370-2693(78)90303-9|bibcode = 1978PhLB...80...48C }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Cremmer | first1 = E. |last2 = Julia | first2 = B. |title = The SO(8) supergravity |journal = Nucl. Phys. B |volume = 159 | issue = 1–2 |year = 1979 |pages = 141–212 |doi = 10.1016/0550-3213(79)90331-6 |bibcode = 1979NuPhB.159..141C }}</ref> Julia also studied spontaneous symmetry breaking and the Higgs mechanism in supergravity<ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Cremmer | first1 = E. |last2 = Julia | first2 = B. |last3 = Scherk | first3 = J. |last4 = van Nieuwenhuizen | first4 = P. |last5 = Ferrara | first5 = S. |last6 = Girardello | first6 = L. |title = Super-higgs effect in supergravity with general scalar interactions |journal = Phys. Lett. B |volume = 79 | issue = 3 |year = 1978 |pages = 231–234 |doi = 10.1016/0370-2693(78)90230-7|bibcode = 1978PhLB...79..231C }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Cremmer | first1 = E. |last2 = Julia | first2 = B. |last3 = Scherk | first3 = J. |last4 = Ferrara | first4 = S. |last5 = Girardello | first5 = L. |last6 = van Nieuwenhuizen | first6 = P. |title = Spontaneous symmetry breaking and Higgs effect in supergravity without cosmological constant |journal = Nucl. Phys. B |volume = 147 | issue = 1–2 |year = 1979 |pages = 105–131 |doi = 10.1016/0550-3213(79)90417-6|bibcode = 1979NuPhB.147..105C | url = https://cds.cern.ch/record/133053 }}</ref>
Other work includes a study, with Anthony Zee, of particles called dyons that carry both electric and magnetic charges<ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Julia | first1 = B. |last2 = Zee | first2 = A. |title = Poles with both magnetic and electric charges in non-Abelian gauge theory |journal = Phys. Rev. D |volume = 11 | issue = 8 |year = 1975 |pages = 2227–2232 |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevD.11.2227|bibcode = 1975PhRvD..11.2227J }}</ref> and many papers on string theory, M-theory, and dualities.
In 1986, Julia was awarded the Prix Paul Langevin of the Société Française de Physique.<ref>{{cite web |title = Liste exhaustive de tous les récipiendaires de prix SFP |url = http://sfp.in2p3.fr/Prix/prix_anciens.html |publisher = Société française de physique |accessdate = 18 January 2011}}</ref>
==See also== * Primon gas
==Notes== {{reflist}}
==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110719040526/http://www.phys.ens.fr/~julia/ Bernard Julia's homepage]
{{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Julia, Bernard}}
Category:1952 births Category:20th-century French physicists Category:21st-century French physicists Category:French string theorists Category:Living people Category:French National Centre for Scientific Research scientists