Berliner (format)

{{Short description|Newspaper format}}  {{About|the newspaper format|the newspaper|Berliner Journal}} {{comparison newspaper size.svg}} [[File:Le-Temps-p1030243.jpg|thumb|The Swiss French-language newspaper {{Lang|fr|Le Temps}} has the Berliner format.]]

'''Berliner''' is a newspaper format with pages normally measuring about {{convert|315|×|470|mm}}. The Berliner format, or "midi", is slightly taller and marginally wider than the tabloid/compact format, and is both narrower and shorter than the broadsheet format.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitaldeliverance.com/2005/09/22/the-new-guardian-intelligent-design-in-newspaper/|title=The New Guardian: Intelligent Design in Newspaper – Digital Deliverance|website=www.digitaldeliverance.com|access-date=2014-02-18|archive-date=2014-02-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222043500/http://www.digitaldeliverance.com/2005/09/22/the-new-guardian-intelligent-design-in-newspaper/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Origin== The Berliner format is an innovation in press and an alternative to the broadsheet format.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Newspaper Publishing Industry|url=http://is.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pages/ISG/documents/FINALNewsreportwithcovers.pdf|work=EU Commission|access-date=6 October 2013|author=Andra Leurdijk|author2=Mijke Slot|author3=Ottilie Nieuwenhuis|format=Technical Report|year=2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113182106/http://is.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pages/ISG/documents/FINALNewsreportwithcovers.pdf|archive-date=13 November 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> The name refers to the city of Berlin, and was originally contrasted with "North German" and "French" sizes in the early 20th century.

==European newspapers== The Berliner format is used by many European newspapers, including dailies such as ''Le Monde'' and ''Le Figaro'' in France, {{Lang|fr|Le Temps}} in Switzerland, {{Lang|it|La Repubblica}} and {{Lang|fr|La Stampa}}<ref>{{cite news|title=The Berliner format|url=https://www.theguardian.com/gpc/berliner-format|access-date=24 November 2014|work=The Guardian|archive-date=29 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141029123604/http://www.theguardian.com/gpc/berliner-format|url-status=live}}</ref> in Italy, ''El País'' and ''El Mundo'' in Spain, ''De Morgen'', ''Le Soir'' and ''Het Laatste Nieuws'' in Belgium, ''Oslobođenje'' in Bosnia, ''Mladá fronta Dnes'' and ''Lidové noviny'' in the Czech Republic, and others such as ''Expresso'' in Portugal and ''Jurnalul Național'' or ''Evenimentul Zilei'' in Romania. The French business newspaper ''Les Échos'' changed to this format in September 2003, and the largest daily papers in Croatia (''Večernji list''), Serbia (''Politika'') and Montenegro (''Vijesti''), are also in this format. A recent European newspaper to join this trend is ''Het Financieele Dagblad'', the daily Dutch newspaper that is focused on business and financial matters on 26 March 2013. Student publication ''The University Observer'' became Ireland's first Berliner-sized paper in September 2009. In the UK, ''The Guardian'' and ''The Observer'' changed from broadsheet to Berliner in 2005 but changed again to tabloid in 2017 for cost-saving reasons.<ref>{{cite news |title=Guardian and Observer to relaunch in tabloid format |first=Mark |last=Sweney |work=The Guardian |date=13 June 2017 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/jun/13/guardian-and-observer-to-relaunch-in-tabloid-format#:~:text=Guardian%20Media%20Group%20(GMG)%2C,a%20major%20cost%2Dsaving%20drive. |access-date=25 July 2022 |archive-date=18 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190118221509/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/jun/13/guardian-and-observer-to-relaunch-in-tabloid-format#:~:text=Guardian%20Media%20Group%20(GMG)%2C,a%20major%20cost%2Dsaving%20drive. |url-status=live }}</ref> ''The Independent'' in London considered adopting this format, but could not afford to buy new presses; it moved directly from broadsheet to tabloid size. As of 2022, no UK national newspaper uses Berliner.

Although the daily ''Berliner Zeitung'' is occasionally called simply ''Berliner'', it is ''not'' printed in Berliner format. In fact, only two German national dailies use Berliner format: ''Die Tageszeitung'' (generally known as the "''{{sic|hide=y|taz}}''"); and the ''Junge Welt'', which in 2004 abandoned the unique slightly-larger-than-A4 size that had distinguished it since the early 1990s. The majority of the national quality dailies use the larger broadsheet format known as "nordisch", measuring {{convert|570|×|400|mm|in|2|abbr=on}}.

==United States newspapers== The daily ''Journal & Courier'' in Lafayette, Indiana was the first newspaper in North America to be produced in this format, making its debut on 31 July 2006.<ref>{{cite news|author=Joe Gerrety|title=Black, white and read all over: The J&C changes again|url=http://www.jconline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060730/NEWS/104090009/1059/BUSINESS|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126174031/http://www.jconline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060730/NEWS/104090009/1059/BUSINESS|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 26, 2013|work=Journal & Courier|location=Lafayette|date=30 July 2006|access-date=4 December 2007}}</ref> The ''Bucks County Herald'' in Lahaska, Pennsylvania, followed in 2009, and ''The Chronicle'' in Laurel, Mississippi, in April 2012, commencing publication at that time. Major papers such as the ''Chicago Tribune'' and ''The Cincinnati Enquirer'' have tested the format.

Since then, a number of broadsheet newspapers throughout the United States have adopted a page format similar to Berliner, though some may use a taller page. In some instances, only the width has changed from the typical broadsheet page, and the height has remained the same or close to it. For example, ''The New York Times'' used a {{convert|22|in|mm|0|adj=on}} tall by {{convert|13.5|in|mm|0|adj=on}} wide page, but in 2007 downsized to {{convert|22|by|12|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite news|first=Katharine Q.|last=Seelye|title=In Tough Times, a Redesigned Journal|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/04/business/media/04journal.html|date=4 December 2006|access-date=20 March 2013|archive-date=6 April 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080406090643/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/04/business/media/04journal.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release|title=The New York Times Plans to Consolidate New York Print Run at Newest Facility in College Point, Queens and Sublease Older Edison, New Jersey, Printing Plant in Early 2008|publisher=The New York Times Company|url=http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=105317&p=irol-pressArticle&ID=883079|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130413172019/http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=105317&p=irol-pressArticle&ID=883079|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 April 2013|date=18 July 2006|access-date=20 March 2013}}</ref> It still refers to itself as a broadsheet, even though its size is closer to Berliner.

==Asian newspapers== The Indian business daily ''Mint'', a collaboration with the Indian media house ''Hindustan Times'' Media Limited (HTML) and ''The Wall Street Journal'', was among the first newspapers to use the Berliner format, starting from 1 February 2007. In Nepal, the ''Nepali Times'' became the first and the only newspaper using this format. In Pakistan, the English daily ''Pakistan Today'' is published in the Berliner format. The Israeli newspaper ''Haaretz'' has been published in this format since 18 February 2007.

Though very rarely used in Metro Manila, the Berliner is the most popular format in the Philippines. In the Ilocandia, some of the well-known names are the ''Zigzag Weekly'', the ''Northern Dispatch''—commonly called as ''Nordis''—and the ''Northern Philippine Times''. In the Visayas, the ''Panay News'' (Visayas' most widely circulated newspaper) also uses this format. Though not published for commercial purposes, the official publication of Caritas Manila uses a slightly narrower Berliner format.

In March 2009, South Korea's ''JoongAng Ilbo'' adopted the Berliner format, becoming the first Korean newspaper to do so. Also in the same month, Turkey's ''Gazete Habertürk'' and ''Zaman'' adopted a variation of this format as {{convert|350|by|500|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} and become two of the first Turkish newspaper to do so. The format is called Ciner format in Turkey because it is unique.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slideshare.net/husseinerol/yeni-medya-duzeni|title=Yeni Medya Duzeni|access-date=2014-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140218232332/http://www.slideshare.net/husseinerol/yeni-medya-duzeni|archive-date=2014-02-18|url-status=dead}}</ref> On 1 June 2012, the UAE's leading English language newspaper, ''Gulf News'', adopted the Berliner format, the first ever in the Arab Middle East.

==South American newspapers== Some South American papers have dubbed the "compact" size as "Berliner". The former (also called "tall tab") size is closer to tabloid, being marginally taller. The ''Buenos Aires Herald'', a daily Argentine newspaper founded in 1876, uses the Berliner format, which is also used by ''La Nueva'', a newspaper of the Buenos Aires province. Córdoba newspaper ''La Voz'' switched to Berliner from broadsheet in 2016. The Bolivian ''Los Tiempos'' newspaper from Cochabamba releases its editions in Berliner with full color in all pages starting October 2017. Previously, the newspaper was published in broadsheet. Brazil's ''Jornal do Brasil'', a daily Brazilian newspaper founded in 1891, was published in Berliner from 16 April 2006 until 31 August 2010, when the newspaper ceased to publish its physical issue and transferred all activities to the internet. Initially, only the newsstand edition was in that format, but its success made the format switch extend later to the subscriber's edition, which until then had remained in broadsheet format. In 2008, Salvador-based ''Correio*'' (formerly ''Correio da Bahia'') switched to Berliner, also from broadsheet. After being sold by Organizações Globo (currently Grupo Globo) to J. Hawilla's Grupo Traffic, another Brazilian newspaper, ''Diário de S. Paulo'', which was a broadsheet, switched to Berliner, bringing it in line with its sister publications under Rede Bom Dia (the company, including ''Diário de S. Paulo'', is currently owned by Cereja Digital). In 2003, Chilean national newspaper {{Lang|es|La Tercera}} switched from tabloid to Berliner. Local papers around Chile have also adopted the format, most notably ''El Mercurio de Valparaíso'', the longest-running newspaper in Spanish language. As of 17 November 2017, the format expanded to Chilean ''La Cuarta'', which previously published in tabloid, like {{Lang|es|La Tercera}}. The Peruvian ''El Comercio'', the nation's most important newspaper, switched its weekday editions to Berliner in 2016. The weekend editions are still produced in broadsheet. Brazilian newspaper O Estado de São Paulo switched its physical edition to Berliner format as of 17 October 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.estadao.com.br/infograficos/economia,multiplataforma-estadao-renova-e-aprimora-sua-versao-impressa,1199439|date=2021-10-16|access-date=2021-10-18|title=Multiplataforma, 'Estadão' renova e aprimora sua versão impressa|website=www.estadao.com.br|archive-date=2021-10-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017212409/https://www.estadao.com.br/infograficos/economia,multiplataforma-estadao-renova-e-aprimora-sua-versao-impressa,1199439|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://politica.estadao.com.br/noticias/geral,novo-estadao-leitores-elogiam-formato-mais-moderno-profundidade-dos-textos-e-novas-secoes,70003871506|date=2021-10-18|access-date=2021-10-18|title=Novo 'Estadão': leitores elogiam formato mais moderno, profundidade dos textos e novas seções|website=www.estadao.com.br|archive-date=2021-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018173430/https://politica.estadao.com.br/noticias/geral,novo-estadao-leitores-elogiam-formato-mais-moderno-profundidade-dos-textos-e-novas-secoes,70003871506|url-status=live}}</ref>

==African newspapers== {{Expand section|new titles|date=October 2020}} In February 2010, Mauritius's century-old ''Le Mauricien'' adopted the Berliner format with full-colour content, thus becoming the first evening national paper in the country to adopt this format.

==See also== * List of newspapers * Paper size

==References== {{Reflist|33em}}

==External links== * [https://www.theguardian.com/newsroom/story/0,,1566507,00.html How we got the measure of a Berliner] (discussing the Guardian's switch to the format)

{{DEFAULTSORT:Berliner (Format)}} Category:Newspaper formats