{{Redirect|Belev|the Bulgarian commissar of Jewish Affairs|Aleksandar Belev}}{{Short description|Town in Tula Oblast, Russia}} {{Infobox Russian inhabited locality |en_name=Belyov |ru_name=Белёв |image_skyline=Алекс.надвратн.церковь.jpg |image_caption= |coordinates = {{coord|53|48|45|N|36|08|00|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=right |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Belyov (Tula oblast).png |coa_caption= |image_flag= |flag_caption= |anthem= |anthem_ref= |holiday= |holiday_ref= |federal_subject=[[Tula Oblast]] |federal_subject_ref=<ref name="TulaO_admlaw" /> |adm_district_jur=[[Belyovsky District]] |adm_district_jur_ref=<ref name="TulaO_admlaw" /> |adm_selsoviet_jur=Belyov |adm_selsoviet_type=[[Town of district significance|Town under district jurisdiction]] |adm_selsoviet_jur_ref=<ref name="Note" /> |adm_ctr_of1=Belyovsky District |adm_ctr_of1_ref=<ref name="TulaO_admlaw" /> |adm_ctr_of2=Belyov Town Under District Jurisdiction |adm_ctr_of2_ref=<ref name="OKATO">{{OKATO reference|70 206 501}}</ref> |inhabloc_cat=Town |inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="TulaO_admlaw" /> |mun_district_jur=Belyovsky Municipal District |mun_district_jur_ref=<ref name="TulaOBelyovskyD_mun" /> |urban_settlement_jur=Belyov Urban Settlement |urban_settlement_jur_ref=<ref name="TulaOBelyovskyD_mun" /> |mun_admctr_of1=Belyovsky Municipal District |mun_admctr_of1_ref=<ref name="TulaOBelyovskyD_mun" /> |mun_admctr_of2=Belyov Urban Settlement |mun_admctr_of2_ref=<ref name="OKTMO">{{OKTMO reference|70 606 101}}</ref> |leader_title= |leader_title_ref= |leader_name= |leader_name_ref= |representative_body= |representative_body_ref= |elevation_m = 165 |area_of_what= |area_as_of= |area_km2=8.58 |area_km2_ref= |pop_2010census=13918 |pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census" /> |pop_density= |pop_density_as_of= |pop_density_ref= |pop_latest= |pop_latest_date=2018 |pop_latest_ref=13180 |established_date=1147 |established_title=First mentioned |established_date_ref=<ref name="gr" /> |current_cat_date= |current_cat_date_ref= |prev_name1= |prev_name1_date= |prev_name1_ref= |postal_codes=301530–301532 |dialing_codes= |dialing_codes_ref= |website= }} '''Belyov''' ({{langx|ru|Белёв}}) is a [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|town]] and the [[administrative center]] of [[Belyovsky District]] in [[Tula Oblast]], [[Russia]], located on the left bank of the [[Oka River]]. Population: 13,180 (2018); {{ru-census2010|13,918|.}}
==History== As is the case with many other towns in the former [[Upper Oka Principalities]], Belyov was first mentioned in a [[chronicle]] in 1147.<ref name="gr">{{cite book|title=Энциклопедия Города России|year=2003|publisher=Большая Российская Энциклопедия|location=Moscow|isbn=5-7107-7399-9|page=41}}</ref> After the disintegration of the [[Principality of Chernigov]] in the wake of the [[Mongol invasion of Rus']], Belyov became a seat of a local princely dynasty in 1468.<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Byelev|volume=4|page=895}}</ref> The princes of Belyov fluctuated between the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] and the [[Grand Duchy of Moscow]], until they moved to the latter state.
During World War II, Belyov was occupied by the German Army in October, 1941, but was liberated by elements of [[10th Army (Soviet Union)|10th Army]] on December 31, during the Soviet counteroffensive phase of the [[Battle of Moscow]].<ref>Soviet General Staff, ''The Battle of Moscow'', ed. & trans. R.W. Harrison, Helion & Co., Ltd., Solihull, UK, 2017, Kindle ed., part V, ch. 5</ref>
Following an incident where a local Jewish families were accused of murdering a child to use his blood to bake [[matzah]], there was a rise in anti-Jewish propaganda by Communist Party members. These allegations that Jews used the blood of Christians in rituals was embarrassing to the Communist Party when it came from Party Members, and a [[pogrom]] was narrowly averted in this instance. Some press sources from that time, most in [[Yiddish]], condemned the inaction against the prominent community members and demanded adherence to Communist party policies on antisemitism.{{sfn|Bemporad|2019|p=49}}
==Administrative and municipal status== Within the [[subdivisions of Russia#Administrative divisions|framework of administrative divisions]], Belyov serves as the [[administrative center]] of [[Belyovsky District]].<ref name="TulaO_admlaw">Law #954-ZTO</ref> As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Belyovsky District as '''Belyov [[Town of district significance|Town Under District Jurisdiction]]'''.<ref name="Note">Law #954-ZTO defines a town under district jurisdiction as a town which is a part of one of the districts of the oblast. [[OKATO]] lists the town of Belyov as a part of Belyovsky District and separately from other administrative divisions of the district.</ref> As a [[subdivisions of Russia#Municipal divisions|municipal division]], Belyov Town Under District Jurisdiction is incorporated within Belyovsky Municipal District as '''Belyov Urban Settlement'''.<ref name="TulaOBelyovskyD_mun">Law #543-ZTO</ref>
==Architecture== The town contains one of the oldest churches in [[Tula Oblast]].
==Economy== Belyov is home to Transmash railroad equipment factory. It is also famous for [[pastila]] whose production started in 1888 and was revived in 2010s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.ru/svoi-biznes/istorii-uspekha/310831-sladkoe-mesto-kak-proizvodstvo-pastily-iz-promysla-prevratilos-v|title = Сладкое место: как производство пастилы из промысла превратилось в бизнес| date=January 25, 2016 }}</ref>
== Notable people == * [[Zinaida Gippius]] * [[Alexei Osipov]]
==References== ===Notes=== {{Reflist}}
===Sources=== *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|tul|adm|law}} *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|tul|mun|list|belyovsky}} *{{cite book |last1=Bemporad |first1=Elissa |title=Legacy of Blood: Jews, Pogroms and Ritual Murder in the Lands of the Soviets |date=2019 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |isbn=9780190466480}}
==External links== *[https://belev.tularegion.ru/ Official website of Belyov] {{in lang|ru}} *[https://belyov.jsprav.ru/ Belyov Business Directory] {{in lang|ru}}
{{Tula Oblast}} {{Use mdy dates|date=July 2012}} {{Authority control}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in Tula Oblast]] [[Category:Belyovsky Uyezd]] [[Category:Rus' towns]]