{{Short description|English Catholic priest and scholar (1881–1934)}} {{Use British English|date=October 2017}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}} {{Infobox person | honorific_prefix = The Very Rev. | name = Bede Jarrett | honorific_suffix = O.P. | image = Bede Jarrett (1881–1934).png | alt = | caption = | birth_name = Cyril Jarrett | birth_date = {{Birth date|1881|08|22|df=yes}} | birth_place = Greenwich, England | death_date = {{Death date and age|1934|03|17|1881|08|22|df=yes}} | death_place = London, England | burial_place = | other_names = | occupation = Clergyman, writer | spouse = | children = | relatives = | awards = | education = {{Plainlist| * University of Oxford * Catholic University of Leuven }} | political_party = | signature = }} '''Bede Jarrett OP''' (22 August 1881 – 17 March 1934) was an English Dominican friar and Catholic priest who was also a noted historian and author. Known for works including ''Mediæval Socialism'' and ''The Emperor Charles IV'', Jarrett also founded Blackfriars Priory at the University of Oxford in 1921, formally reinstating the Dominican Order at that university for the first time since the Dissolution of the Monasteries under King Henry VIII.
== Early life and education == Born in Greenwich as '''Cyril Jarrett''', he was the fifth of six sons to parents Colonel H.S. Jarrett, Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE), and Agnes (Beaufort) Jarrett.<ref name=catholic>{{cite web|last1=Bullough|first1=S.|title=Jarrett, Bede|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/article-1G2-3407705832/jarrett-bede.html|website=New Catholic Encyclopedia|accessdate=26 July 2015}}</ref><ref name=reeves>{{cite journal|last1=Reeves|first1=John-Baptist|title=Biography of Father Bede Jarrett, O.P.|journal=New Blackfriars|date=June 1939|volume=20|issue=231|pages=420–426|doi=10.1111/j.1741-2005.1939.tb00186.x|doi-access=free}}</ref> Beginning in 1891, Jarrett studied at Stonyhurst, and in August 1898 he joined the Order of Preachers (OP), also known as the Dominican Order, at St Dominic's Priory in London.<ref name=reeves /> Jarrett continued to study at the novitiate in Woodchester and became a novice on 24 September 1898 under the new name of Friar Bede.<ref name=reeves /><ref name=delany /> His religious name was for Bede, known as "the Venerable Bede", an early British Catholic saint sometimes called the Father of English History.<ref name=catholic /><ref>{{cite web|title=The Venerable Bede|url=https://www.durhamworldheritagesite.com/history/bede|website=Durham World Heritage Site|accessdate=27 July 2015}}</ref> On 30 August 1900, Jarrett moved to continue his studies of philosophy, theology and history at Hawkesyard Priory and received minor orders and the subdiaconate, and diaconate in 1902.<ref name=reeves /><ref name=delany />
In 1904 Jarrett became the first Dominican friar since the Reformation to study at the University of Oxford,<ref name=brennan>{{cite book|last1=Brennan|first1=Michael|title=Graham Greene: Fictions, Faith and Authorship|date=2010|publisher=Continuum International Publishing Group|location=London|page=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JnSd5U6AKMEC&pg=PA4|isbn=9781847063397}}</ref> matriculating as a student with the Benedictines at St. Benet's Hall. He studied history and completed his degree in 1907.<ref name=catholic /> On 18 December 1904, after his first term at Oxford, Jarrett was ordained in Woodchester.<ref name=delany /> To complete his formal education, in 1908 he received his lectorate in theology at Louvain.<ref name=catholic />
== Career == St Dominic's Priory became Jarrett's first and long-time station.<ref name=catholicedu>{{cite web|title=The Author|url=http://www.catholiceducation.org/en/religion-and-philosophy/spiritual-life/god-s-love-unchanging.html|website=Catholic Education|accessdate=26 July 2015}}</ref> Appointed prior at the "unusually early"<ref name=delany /> age of 33 and beginning his position on 17 June 1914, Jarrett became the elected provincial two years after on 5 September 1916 and held the office until his death in 1934 after a record four successful elections.<ref name=delany /><ref name=catholicedu /> His accomplishments at St Dominic's included expanding the Laxton Dominican School for Boys, beginning a series of Thomistic lectures sponsored by London University and launching missions in the Middle East and South Africa.<ref name=delany /> He felt it was important that Dominicans preach abroad rather than concentrate efforts domestically, a departure from the previous provincial who had not pursued the South African mission for that reason.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Denis|first1=Phillipe|title=The Dominican Friars in Southern Africa: a Social History, 1577–1990|date=1998|publisher=Koninkijke Brill|location=Leiden, The Netherlands|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M3UV2oZFZcIC&q=bede+jarrett+obituary+the+Times&pg=PA103|isbn=978-9004111448}}</ref>
=== Blackfriars Priory === Jarrett also founded the Blackfriars Dominican priory in Oxford.<ref name=delany /> Construction began on 15 August 1921; it took Jarrett eight years to raise the funds to build the new priory, the success of which peers attributed to his frequent trips to and fundraising in the United States.<ref name=pepler>{{cite journal|last1=Pepler|first1=Conrad|title=Remembering Father Bede Jarrett 50 Years After|journal=New Blackfriars|date=April 1984|volume=65|issue=766|pages=186–190|doi=10.1111/j.1741-2005.1984.tb02664.x}}</ref> The event earned a letter of congratulations and encouragement from Pope Benedict XV.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Catholic Historical Review: Volume 1|date=1922|publisher=The Catholic University of America|location=Washington, D.C.|pages=396–399|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RppJAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA396}}</ref> The priory opened in 1929 but was incomplete at the time of Jarrett's death.<ref name=delany /><ref>{{cite news|title=Obituary|url=http://archive.thetablet.co.uk/article/18th-april-1936/28/obituary|accessdate=26 July 2015|newspaper=The Tablet|date=18 April 1936}}</ref>
=== Writings and publications === Jarrett authored numerous books, prayers and articles, including five entries in the ''Catholic Encyclopedia''.<ref name=Makers>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924063262053/page/n132/mode/1up |title=The Catholic Encyclopedia and its Makers |publisher=The Encyclopedia Press |page=85 |year=1917 |access-date=2021-06-14 |via=archive.org}}</ref> He also purchased ''Blackfriars'', a Dominican magazine renamed ''New Blackfriars'' in the 1960s, for £40 in 1919 and persuaded publisher Basil Blackwell to publish it, which prevented it from being discontinued.<ref>{{cite book|last1=West|first1=W.J.|title=The Quest for Graham Greene|date=1997|publisher=St.Martins Press|location=New York City|page=36|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IVlng-YcI4oC&pg=PA36|isbn=9780312314781}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Kerr|first1=Fergus|title=The First Issue|journal=New Blackfriars|date=October 2003|volume=84|issue=992|pages=434–447|jstor=43250756|doi=10.1111/j.1741-2005.2003.tb06312.x}}</ref>
== Death == Jarrett died of sudden illness at the Hospital of St John and St Elizabeth in London on 17 March 1934.<ref name=delany>{{cite journal|last1=Delany|first1=Bernard|title=Father Bede Jarrett, O.P.|journal=Blackfriars|date=May 1934|volume=15|issue=170|pages=303–312|doi=10.1111/j.1741-2005.1934.tb04225.x|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79578313/father-bede-jarrett/ |title=Father Bede Jarrett |newspaper=The Guardian |page=14 |date=1934-03-19 |access-date=2021-06-14 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> He was buried at the Dominican priory in Woodchester.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wykeham-George |first1=Kenneth |last2=Mathew |first2=Gervase |author2-link=Gervase Mathew |title=Bede Jarrett of the Order of Preachers |date=1952 |publisher=The Newman Press |location=Westminster, Maryland |page=153 |url=https://archive.org/details/bedejarrettoford0000wyke/mode/2up}}</ref>
== Influence == *Jarrett knew author Graham Greene, also an Oxford graduate, and instructed his wife Vivien prior to her reception into the Catholic Church in 1922. He became godfather to Lucy Caroline Greene, their daughter, in 1933.<ref name=brennan /> Greene biographers W.J. West and Michael G. Brennan speculate that Greene's relationship with Jarrett and Jarrett's works, including ''Mediaeval Socialism'' and ''Social Theories in the Middle Ages'', influenced Greene's writings.<ref>{{cite book|last1=West|first1=W.J.|title=The Quest for Graham Greene|date=1997|publisher=St Martins Press|location=New York City|page=37|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IVlng-YcI4oC&pg=PA37|isbn=9780312314781}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Brennan|first1=Michael|title=Graham Greene's Catholic Conversion: The Early Writings (1923–29) and the Man Within|journal=Logos|date=Summer 2006|volume=9|issue=3|pages=134–157|doi=10.1353/log.2006.0022|s2cid=170701698}}</ref> * ''The Encyclopedia of World Biography'' lists Jarrett's ''The Emperor Charles IV'' as the standard biography of Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV.<ref>{{cite web|title=Charles IV (Holy Roman Empire)|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Charles_IV_(Holy_Roman_Empire).aspx|publisher=Encyclopedia.com|accessdate=27 July 2015}}</ref>
== Bibliography ==
=== Books === {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:left" |- ! Title !! Publication date !! Notes |- | Mediaeval Socialism || {{sort|1914|1914}}|| |- | S. Antonino and Mediæval Economics || {{sort|1914|1914}} || |- | Meditations for Layfolk || {{sort|1915|1915}} || Later published under the title ''Classic Catholic Meditations''<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jarrett|first1=Bede|title=Classic Catholic Meditations|date=2004|publisher=Sophia Institute Press|location=Manchester, NH|page=i|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EaSQAQAAQBAJ&q=classic+catholic+meditations&pg=PA378|isbn=9781622820184}}</ref> |- | Saint Catherine of Siena: Her Life and Times || {{sort|1916|1916}} || With Catherine Mary Antony |- | The Abiding Presence of the Holy Ghost in the Soul || {{sort|1918|1918}} || Later published under the titles ''He Dwells in Your Soul'' and ''The Little Book of the Holy Spirit''<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jarrett|first1=Bede|title=The Little Book of the Holy Spirit|date=2005|publisher=Sophia Institute Press|location=Manchester, NH|page=i|url=http://shop.sophiainstitute.com/Assets/ProductImages/prodpdf/035.pdf|accessdate=27 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324233159/http://shop.sophiainstitute.com/Assets/ProductImages/prodpdf/035.pdf|archive-date=24 March 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> |- |Living Temples |1919 | |- | The Religious Life || {{sort|1920|1920}} || |- | The English Dominicans || {{sort|1921|1921}} || |- | Life of St. Dominic || {{sort|1924|1924}} || |- | Social Theories in the Middle Ages: 1200–1500 || {{sort|1926|1926}} || |- | A history of Europe from earliest times to the present || {{sort|1929|1929}} || |- | The Space of Life Between || {{sort|1930|1930}} || |- |House of Gold: Lenten Sermons |1931 | |- | No Abiding City: Lenten Conferences Given at Our Lady of Victories ||{{sort|1932|1932}} || |- | Our Lady of Lourdes: Meditations on the Saleve Regina || {{sort|1934|1934}} || |- | Contardo Ferrini || {{sort|1934|1934}} || |- | The Emperor Charles IV || {{sort|1935|1935}} || Published after Jarrett's death<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jarrett|first1=Bede|title=The Emperor Charles IV|date=1935|publisher=Eyre and Spottiswoode|location=London, UK|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IDc1AAAAIAAJ}}</ref> |- |Purity |1937 | |}
=== Letters === {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:left" |- ! Title !! Publication date !! Editor(s) !! Notes |- | Letters of Bede Jarrett || 1989 || {{ill|Simon Tugwell|qid=Q93230954}}, Aidan Bellenger || |}
== References == {{Reflist|30em}}
== External links == {{wikiquote}} {{wikisource|works=or}} {{commons category}}
* {{Gutenberg author|id=8696}} * {{Internet Archive author |sname=Bede Jarrett |sopt=t}}
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jarrett, Bede}} Category:1881 births Category:1934 deaths Category:20th-century English historians Category:20th-century English Roman Catholic priests Category:Alumni of St Benet's Hall, Oxford Category:Burials in Gloucestershire Category:English Dominicans Category:English Thomists Category:Dominican scholars Category:People educated at Stonyhurst College Category:People from Greenwich