{{Infobox settlement <!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields that may be available --> <!-- Basic info ----------------> | name = Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture | settlement_type = Autonomous prefecture | translit_lang1 = Name | translit_lang1_type = {{nobold|Chinese}} | translit_lang1_info = {{lang|zh-Hans|巴音郭楞蒙古自治州}} | translit_lang1_type1 = {{nobold|Uyghur}} | translit_lang1_info1 = {{lang|ug-Arab|بايىنغولىن موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى}} | translit_lang1_type2 = {{nobold|Mongolian}} | translit_lang1_info2 = {{MongolUnicode|ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠧᠦ|style=max-height:4.5em; word-wrap:normal}} | total_type = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows --> | motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> | image_skyline = Bayanbulak grassland.jpg | imagesize = | image_caption = Bayanbulak grassland in Hejing County | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_shield = | shield_size = | image_blank_emblem = | blank_emblem_type = | blank_emblem_size = | image_map = China Xinjiang Bayingolin.svg | mapsize = | map_alt = | map_caption = Bayingolin (red) in Xinjiang (orange) | pushpin_map = | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_caption = | pushpin_mapsize = <!-- Location ------------------> | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = China | subdivision_type1 = Autonomous region | subdivision_name1 = Xinjiang | seat_type = Prefectural seat | seat = Korla | parts_type = | parts_style = <!-- =list (for list), coll (for collapsed list), para (for paragraph format) Default is list if up to 5 items, coll if more than 5 --> | parts = <!-- parts text or header for parts list --> | p1 = | p2 = <!-- etc. up to p50: for separate parts to be listed --> <!-- Politics ----------------->| government_footnotes = | governing_body = Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture People's Congress | leader_title = Party Secretary | leader_name = Li Gang | leader_title1 = Congress Chairman | leader_name1 = Purba Tugjegafu | established_title = <!-- Settled --> | established_date = | established_title1 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> | established_date1 = | established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> | established_date2 = | established_title3 = | established_date3 = | founder = | named_for = <!-- Area ---------------------> | area_magnitude = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink --> | unit_pref = <!-- Enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric --> | area_total_km2 = 471480.28 | area_footnotes = <ref name="xzqhqbygl">{{cite web |url=http://www.xzqh.org/html/show/xj/21637.html |script-title=zh:巴音郭楞蒙古自治州历史沿革 |trans-title=Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture Historical Development |publisher=XZQH.org |date=30 January 2015 |language=zh-hans |access-date=7 December 2019 |quote={{lang|zh-hans|2003年，巴州总面积472472.1平方千米，{...}2010年第六次人口普查，常住总人口1278486人，}}}}</ref> | area_land_km2 = <!-- See table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details on unit conversion --> | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_km2 = | area_metro_km2 = | area_blank1_title = | area_blank1_km2 = <!-- Elevation --------------------------> | elevation_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> </ref> tags --> | elevation_m = | elevation_max_m = | elevation_min_m = <!-- Population -----------------------> | population_as_of = 2020 | population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_total = 1509233 | population_density_km2 = auto<!-- For automatic calculation, any density field may contain: auto --> | population_metro = | population_density_metro_km2 = | population_urban = | population_density_urban_km2 = auto | population_blank1_title = | population_blank1 = | population_density_blank1_km2 = | demographics_type2 = GDP (nominal) {{normal|(2025)}} | demographics2_title1 = Total | demographics2_info1 = CN¥ 172.4 billion<br />US$ 24.1 billion | demographics2_title2 = Per capita | demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 117,502<br />US$ 16,450 <!-- General information ---------------> | timezone = China Standard | utc_offset = +8 | coordinates = {{coord|42|N|86|E|type:adm2nd_region:CN-65|display=inline, title}} | coor_pinpoint = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> | postal_code_type = <!-- Postal code --> | postal_code = | area_code = | iso_code = CN-XJ-28 | website = {{URL|http://www.xjbz.gov.cn/}} | footnotes = }} {{Infobox Chinese | c = {{linktext|lang=zh|巴音郭楞|蒙古|自治州}} | p = Bāyīnguōléng Měnggǔ Zìzhìzhōu | w = Pa¹-yin¹-kuo¹-lêng² Mêng³-ku³ Tzŭ⁴-chih⁴-chou¹ | xej = {{script/Arabic|بَاءٍقُوَلٍْ مٍْ‌قُ زِجِ‌جِوْ}} | mong = {{MongolUnicode|ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠧᠦ|style=max-height:4.5em; word-wrap:normal}} | monr = Bayanγool mongγol öbertegen ǰasaqu ǰëü | mon = Баянгол – Монголын өөртөө засах жуу | uig = بايىنغولىن موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى | uly = Bayingholin Mongghol Aptonom Oblasti | uyy = Bayingⱨolin Mongƣul Aptonom 'Oblasti | usy = Байиңһолин Моңғул Аптоном 'Области | lang1 = xal | lang1_content = {{MongolUnicode|ᡋᠠᡕᠠᠨᡎᡆᠯ ᡏᡆᡊᡎᡆᠯ ᡄᡋᡄᠷᡄᡃᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠠᡍᡇ ᡓᡇᡉ|style=max-height:4.5em; word-wrap:normal}}<br/>{{Transliteration|xal|Bayanɣol Mongɣol Eberēn Zasaxu J̌uu}} | altname = Abbreviation | c2 = {{linktext|lang=zh|巴音郭楞|州}} / {{linktext|lang=zh|巴州}} | p2 = Bāyīnguōléng Zhōu / Bāzhōu | l2 = Bayingolin Prefecture }} {{Infobox Chinese | title = Bayingolin | c = {{lang|zh|巴音郭楞}} | p = Bāyīnguōléng | xej = {{script/Arabic|بَاءٍقُوَلٍْ}} | l = rich river (from Mongolian) | mong = ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠣᠯ | monr = Bayanγool | mon = Баянгол | uig = بايىنغولىن | uly = Bayingholin | uyy = Bayingⱨolin | usy = Байиңһолин | lang1 = xal | lang1_content = {{MongolUnicode|ᡋᠠᡕᠠᠨᡎᡆᠯ|style=max-height:4.5em; word-wrap:normal}}<br />{{Transliteration|xal|Bayanɣol}} }}

'''Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture'''<ref>The official spelling is "Bayingolin" according to {{cite book|script-title=zh:中国地名录 |page=300 |location=Beijing |publisher=SinoMaps Press ({{lang|zh-hans|中国地图出版社}}) |year=1997 |isbn=7-5031-1718-4}}</ref> is an autonomous prefecture in the southeastern Xinjiang, China. It borders Gansu to the east, Qinghai to the southeast and the Tibet Autonomous Region to the south. It is the largest prefecture-level division nationally, with an area of {{convert|471,480|km2|abbr=on}}, which is even larger than its neighboring province of Gansu. The prefectural capital is Korla. Despite being designated an autonomous area for Mongols in China, only about four percent of Bayingolin's population is Mongol.

== History == In a 2017 announcement from officials in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, it was proclaimed that "there is a severe threat from international terrorism, and cars have been used as a key means of transport for terrorists as well as constantly serving as weapons. It is therefore necessary to monitor and track all vehicles in the prefecture."<ref name=":9">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/feb/21/china-orders-gps-tracking-of-every-car-in-troubled-region|title=China orders hundreds of thousands of private cars to have GPS trackers installed for monitoring|last=Phillips|first=Tom|date=2017-02-21|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-12-05|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191205161807/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/feb/21/china-orders-gps-tracking-of-every-car-in-troubled-region|archive-date=2019-12-05|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Economy == As of 2025, Bayingolin had a GDP of {{CNY|172.353 billion|link=yes}} (US$24.129&nbsp;billion) and a GDP per capita of {{CNY|117,502}} ({{US$|16,450}}).<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 April 2026 |title=(新疆维吾尔自治区)巴音郭楞蒙古自治州2025年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 |trans-title=Statistical Communiqué on National Economic and Social Development of Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture in 2025 |url=https://tjgb.hongheiku.com/djs/68791.html |access-date=2026-05-10 |website=Red and Black Statistical Bulletin Database}}</ref>

== Demographics == As of the 2020 census, Bayingolin had 1,509,233 inhabitants, 53.3% of whom were Han Chinese, 36.4% Uyghur, 5.3% Hui and 4.0% Mongol.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-10|title=|script-title=zh:3–7 各地、州、市、县(市)分民族人口数|trans-title=3–7 Population by Nationality by Prefecture, State, City and County (City)|url=http://tjj.xinjiang.gov.cn/tjj/rkjyu/202006/3b1eef1049114b0c9cf9e81bf18433ef.shtml|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101062133/http://tjj.xinjiang.gov.cn/tjj/rkjyu/202006/3b1eef1049114b0c9cf9e81bf18433ef.shtml|archive-date=2020-11-01|access-date=2021-06-11|website=tjj.xinjiang.gov.cn|publisher=Statistical Bureau of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region|language=zh}}</ref>

When Bayingolin was established in 1954, Mongols comprised 35 per cent of the prefecture's population.<ref>{{cite book |title=Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire |first=Christopher |last=Atwood |publisher=Facts on File |year=2004 |page=39}}</ref> However, due to migration from elsewhere in China, the Han population increased from 1,682 in 1947 to over 660,000 by 2004.<ref name="bovingdon">{{cite book |title = The Uyghurs – strangers in their own land |author = Gardner Bovingdon |chapter = Chapter 2 – Heteronomy and Its Discontents |publisher = Columbia University Press |year = 2010 |isbn = 978-0-231-14758-3 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title = The Uyghurs - strangers in their own land |first = Gardner |last = Bovingdon |chapter = Note 9 (Chapter 2) |publisher = Columbia University Press |year=2010 |isbn = 978-0-231-14758-3 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" |+ Ethnic composition of Bayingolin: 2000, 2010, and 2015 censuses |- style="background:#eee;" ! rowspan="2" |Nationality !colspan="2"|2000<ref name="2000 census">{{cite book |script-title=zh:2000年人口普查中国民族人口资料 |publisher=Publishing House of Minority Nationalities |date=September 2003 |isbn=7-105-05425-5}}</ref> !colspan="2"|2010<ref name="2010 census">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OkAVAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA65|pages=65–66 |title=Eurasian Corridors of Interconnection: From the South China to the Caspian Sea|editor= Susan M. Walcott|editor2= Corey Johnson|date=August 2012 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1135078751|author=Stanley W. Toops}}</ref> !colspan="2"|2015<ref name=estimate>{{cite web |url= http://www.xjtj.gov.cn/sjcx/tjnj_3415/2016xjtjnj/rkjy/201707/t20170714_539450.html |script-title= zh:3-7 各地、州、市、县(市)分民族人口数 |language=zh-cn |publisher=Xinjiang Bureau of Statistics |date=15 March 2017|access-date=3 September 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171011101904/http://www.xjtj.gov.cn/sjcx/tjnj_3415/2016xjtjnj/rkjy/201707/t20170714_539450.html |archive-date= 11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- style="background:#eee;" ! Population ! style="width:4em;"|% ! Population ! style="width:4em;"|% ! Population ! style="width:4em;"|% |- ! Han Chinese | 607,774 | 58.05% | 757,983 | 59.29% | 826,063 | 59.27% |- ! Uyghur | 345,595 | 33.01% | 406,942 | 31.83% | 440,283 | 31.59% |- ! Hui | 52,252 | 4.99% | 60,451 | 4.73% | 64,979 | 4.66% |- ! Mongol | 43,544 | 4.16% | 43,484 | 3.40% | 50,091 | 3.59% |- ! Tujia | colspan="2" rowspan="5" | | 2,336 | 0.18% |- ! Miao | 1,362 | 0.11% |- ! Dongxiang | 1,148 | 0.09% |- ! Kazakhs | 1,091 | 0.09% |- ! Manchu | 888 | 0.07% |- ! Other | 7,805 | 0.74% | 2,801 | 0.22% | 12,396 | 0.89% |-style="background:#EEF" !Total |1,046,970 |100% |1,278,486 |100% |1,393,812 |100% |}

== Subdivisions == Bayingolin directly controls one county-level city, seven counties and one Hui autonomous county.

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" align=center |colspan="10" align="center" | <div style="position: relative" class="center"> {{Image label begin|image=Administrative Division Bayingolin.png|width=633|link=}} {{Image label|x=600|y=530|scale=633/2260|text=<span style="font-size:smaller;">'''Korla<br>{{small|(city)}}'''</span>}} {{Image label|x=370|y=470|scale=633/2260|text='''Luntai<br/>County'''}} {{Image label|x=810|y=710|scale=633/2260|text='''Yuli<br/>County'''}} {{Image label|x=1300|y=1150|scale=633/2260|text='''Ruoqiang<br/>County'''}} {{Image label|x=550|y=1400|scale=633/2260|text='''Qiemo<br/>County'''}} {{Image label|x=640|y=370|scale=633/2260|text=<span style="font-size:smaller;">'''Yanqi<br/>County'''</span>}} {{Image label|x=520|y=200|scale=633/2260|text='''Hejing<br/>County'''}} {{Image label|x=960|y=330|scale=633/2260|text='''Hoxud<br/>County'''}} {{Image label|x=820|y=450|scale=633/2260|text=<span style="font-size:smaller;">'''Bohu<br/>County'''</span>}} {{Image label end}} </div> |- ! Name ! Simplified Chinese ! Hanyu Pinyin ! Uyghur (UEY) ! Uyghur Latin (ULY) ! Mongolian<br> ! Mongolian<br>(Cyrillic)<br>(Pinyin) ! Population {{small|(2020 Census)}} ! Area (km<sup>2</sup>) ! Density (/km<sup>2</sup>) |- |Korla<ref name="official">The official spelling according to {{cite book|script-title=zh:中国地名录 |location=Beijing |publisher=SinoMaps Press ({{lang|zh-hans|中国地图出版社}}) |year=1997 |isbn=7-5031-1718-4}}</ref> |{{lang|zh-Hans|库尔勒市}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Kù'ěrlè Shì}} |{{lang|ug-Arab|كورلا شەھىرى}} |{{Transliteration|ug|Korla Shehiri}} |{{lang|mn-Mong|{{MongolUnicode|ᠺᠦᠷᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ|style=max-height:1.5em;word-wrap: normal}}}} |{{lang|mn|Хорол хот}}<br>{{Transliteration|mn|Qorol qota}} |779,352 |7,378 |105.63 |- |Luntai County<ref name="official" /> (Bügür) |{{lang|zh-Hans|轮台县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Lúntái Xiàn}} |{{lang|ug-Arab|بۈگۈر ناھىيىسى}} |{{Transliteration|ug|Bügür Nahiyisi}} |{{lang|mn-Mong|{{MongolUnicode|ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ|style=max-height:1.5em;word-wrap: normal}}}} |{{lang|mn|Бүхэр шянь}}<br>{{Transliteration|mn|Bükher siyan}} |137,327 |14,182 |9.68 |- |Yuli County<ref name="official" /> (Lopnur) |{{lang|zh-Hans|尉犁县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Yùlí Xiàn}} |{{lang|ug-Arab|لوپنۇر ناھىيىسى}} |{{Transliteration|ug|Lopnur Nahiyisi}} |{{lang|mn-Mong|{{MongolUnicode|ᠯᠣᠪ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ|style=max-height:1.5em;word-wrap: normal}}}} |{{lang|mn|Лобнуур шянь}}<br>{{Transliteration|mn|Lobnaγur siyan}} |101,866 |59,192 |1.72 |- |Ruoqiang County<ref name="official" /> (Charqilik) |{{lang|zh-Hans|若羌县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Ruòqiāng Xiàn}} |{{lang|ug-Arab|چاقىلىق ناھىيىسى}} |{{Transliteration|ug|Chaqiliq Nahiyisi}} |{{lang|mn-Mong|{{MongolUnicode|ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠯᠢᠬ ᠰᠢᠶᠠ|style=max-height:1.5em;word-wrap: normal}}}} |{{lang|mn|Чакилик шянь}}<br>{{Transliteration|mn|Čaqaliq siyan}} |43,045 |198,322 |0.22 |- |Qiemo County<ref name="official" /> (Cherchen) |{{lang|zh-Hans|且末县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Qiěmò Xiàn}} |{{lang|ug-Arab|چەرچەن ناھىيىسى}} |{{Transliteration|ug|Cherchen Nahiyisi}} |{{lang|mn-Mong|{{MongolUnicode|ᠴᠠᠷᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ|style=max-height:1.5em;word-wrap: normal}}}} |{{lang|mn|Черчен шянь}}<br>{{Transliteration|mn|Čerčen siyan}} |69,236 |138,665 |0.50 |- |Hejing County<ref name="official" /> |{{lang|zh-Hans|和静县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Héjìng Xiàn}} |{{lang|ug-Arab|خېجىڭ ناھىيىسى}} |{{Transliteration|ug|Xéjing Nahiyisi}} |{{lang|mn-Mong|{{MongolUnicode|ᠾᠧᠵᠢᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ|style=max-height:1.5em;word-wrap: normal}}}} |{{lang|mn|Хэжин шянь}}<br>{{Transliteration|mn|Hëǰing siyan}} |147,859 |34,979 |4.23 |- |Hoxud County<ref name="official" /> |{{lang|zh-Hans|和硕县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Héshuò Xiàn}} |{{lang|ug-Arab|خوشۇت ناھىيىسى}} |{{Transliteration|ug|Xoshut Nahiyisi}} |{{lang|mn-Mong|{{MongolUnicode|ᠬᠣᠱᠤᠳ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ|style=max-height:1.5em;word-wrap: normal}}}} |{{lang|mn|Хошууд шянь}}<br>{{Transliteration|mn|Qušud siyan}} |59,299 |12,740 |4.65 |- |Bohu County<ref name="official" /> |{{lang|zh-Hans|博湖县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Bóhú Xiàn}} |{{lang|ug-Arab|باغراش ناھىيىسى}} |{{Transliteration|ug|Baghrash Nahiyisi}} |{{lang|mn-Mong|{{MongolUnicode|ᠪᠣᠰᠲᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ|style=max-height:1.5em;word-wrap: normal}}}} |{{lang|mn|Бостнуур шянь}}<br>{{Transliteration|mn|Busdunaγur siyan}} |48,288 |3,593 |13.44 |- |Yanqi Hui Autonomous County |{{lang|zh-Hans|焉耆回族自治县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Yānqí Huízú Zìzhìxiàn}} |{{lang|ug-Arab|يەنجى خۇيزۇ ئاپتونوم ناھىيىسى}} |{{Transliteration|ug|Yenji Xuyzu Aptonom Nahiyisi}} |{{lang|mn-Mong|{{MongolUnicode|ᠶᠠᠨᠼᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠩ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ|style=max-height:1.5em;word-wrap: normal}}}} |{{lang|mn|Яньци – Хотон өөртөө засах шянь}}<br>{{Transliteration|mn|Yanči qotong öbertegen ǰasaqu siyan}} |122,961 |2,429 |52.62 |}

== Notable persons == * Mihrigul Tursun

== See also == {{Portal|China}} * Lop Nur * Torghut

== References == {{Reflist|32em}}

== External links == {{Commons category|Bayin'gholin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture}} {{Wiktionary|Bayingolin}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060209025120/http://www.xjbz.gov.cn/ Government website of Bayin'gholin] (in Simplified Chinese) * [http://mon.xjbz.gov.cn/ Government website of Bayin'gholin] (in Mongolian) * [http://uyg.xjbz.gov.cn/ Government website of Bayin'gholin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913145916/http://uyg.xjbz.gov.cn/ |date=2017-09-13 }} (in Uyghur)

{{Xinjiang Administrative Divisions}} {{Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}} {{Mongol autonomy in the People's Republic of China}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture Category:Mongol autonomous prefectures Category:Prefecture-level divisions of Xinjiang Category:Autonomous prefectures of Xinjiang Category:Mongol autonomous areas in China