Bahuana language

{{Short description|Extinct Arawakan language of Brazil}} {{distinguish|Yanam language}} {{Expand Portuguese|Língua shiriana|date=October 2020}} {{Infobox language | name = Bahuana | nativename = {{lang|xir|Bahwana}} | states = Brazil | extinct = {{circa|2000}} | ref = <ref>{{Cite book |last=Ramirez |first=Henry |title=Linguas Arawak Da Amazonia Setentrional |date=2001-01-31 |publisher=Fua |isbn=978-85-7401-084-7 |language=pt-BR}}</ref> | familycolor = arawakan | fam1 = Arawakan | fam2 = Central | fam3 = Bahuanaic<ref>{{Cite web |title=Glottolog 5.2 - Xiriâna |url=https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/xiri1243 |access-date=2025-11-07 |website=glottolog.org}}</ref> | iso3 = xir | glotto = xiri1243 | glottorefname = Xiriâna | altname = Shiriana, Chiriana, Xiriâna | ethnicity = Shiriana people | pronunciation = {{IPA|[baɸuana]}}<ref name=":0" /> }}

'''Bahuana''' (Bahwana), or '''Shiriana''' (Xiriâna, Chiriana), is an Arawakan language most closely related to Manao and Kariaí,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ramirez |first=Henri |last2=França |first2=Maria Cristina Victorino de |date=2019-09-23 |title=Línguas Arawak da Bolívia |url=https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/liames/article/view/8655045 |journal=LIAMES: Línguas Indígenas Americanas |volume=19 |pages=e019012 |doi=10.20396/liames.v19i0.8655045 |issn=2177-7160|doi-access=free }}</ref> once spoken by the Shiriana people of Roraima, Brazil. It had an active–stative syntax.<ref>Aikhenvald, "Arawak", in Dixon & Aikhenvald, eds., ''The Amazonian Languages'', 1999.</ref>

== Phonology == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bahuana consonant phonemes<ref name=":0" /> ! colspan="2" | !Bilabial !Dental !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Glottal |- ! rowspan="2" |Plosive !voiceless |{{IPA link|p}} |{{IPA link|t}} | |{{IPA link|c}} |{{IPA link|k}} |{{IPA link|ʔ}} {{Angle bracket|'}} |- !voiced |{{IPA link|b}} |{{IPA link|d}} | |{{IPA link|ɟ}} | | |- ! colspan="2" |Fricative |{{IPA link|ɸ}} |{{IPA link|ts}} |{{IPA link|s}} |{{IPA link|ɕ}} {{Angle bracket|x}} | |{{IPA link|h}} |- ! colspan="2" |Nasal |{{IPA link|m}} |{{IPA link|n}} | |{{IPA link|ɲ}} {{Angle bracket|ñ}} | | |- ! colspan="2" |Liquid |{{IPA link|w}} |{{IPA link|ɺ}} {{Angle bracket|r}} | |{{IPA link|j}} {{Angle bracket|y}} |{{IPA link|ɻ}} {{Angle bracket|R}} | |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bahuana vowel phonemes ! rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" |Front ! colspan="2" |Back |- !unrounded !rounded |- !High |{{IPA link|i}} |{{IPA link|ɨ}} | rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|u}} |- !Low |{{IPA link|e}} |{{IPA link|a}} |}

== Vocabulary == {| class="wikitable" |+Bahuana basic vocabulary<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Ramirez |first=Henri |date=1992 |title=Le Bahuana: une nouvelle langue de la famille arawak |url=https://etnolinguistica.wdfiles.com/local--files/biblio%3Aramirez-1992-bahuana/Ramirez_1992_Le_Bahuana.pdf |journal=Amerindia |volume=17 supplement 1 |issn=0221-8852}}</ref> !Bahuana !gloss |- |hɨɻa(tsɨ) |blood |- |nikɨsaɨ |heart |- |saɨ |penis |- |(saba)taɨ |vulva |- |taɨda |skin |- |kiwici | rowspan="2" |hair |- |kutabetsa |- |ciɲuma |beard |- |tia |excrement |- |kiwida |head |- |naukɨsaɨ |eye |- |kirina |nose |- |numada |mouth |- |ninima(da) |tongue |}

==References== {{Reflist}}

{{Languages of Brazil}} {{Arawakan languages}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shiriana Language}} Category:Arawakan languages Category:Indigenous languages of Western Amazonia Category:Languages of Brazil Category:Extinct languages of South America