Battle of Darbytown Road

{{distinguish|text=the [[First Battle of Deep Bottom]], also known as the Battle of Darbytown, on July 27–29, 1864, or the [[Battle of Darbytown and New Market Roads]] on October 7, 1864, or the [[Battle of Fair Oaks & Darbytown Road]] on October 27–28, 1864}} {{Infobox military conflict | conflict = Battle of Darbytown Road | image = File:Harper's Weekly - Battle of Darbytown Road October 7 1864.jpg | caption = | partof = the [[American Civil War]] | date = {{Start date|1864|10|13}} | place = [[Henrico County, Virginia|Henrico County]], near [[Sandston, Virginia]] | result = Inconclusive | combatant1 = {{flagicon|USA|1863}} [[United States]] ([[Union (American Civil War)|Union]]) | combatant2 = {{flagicon|CSA|1863}} [[Confederate States of America|CSA (Confederacy)]] | commander1 = [[Alfred Terry]] | commander2 = [[Richard H. Anderson (general)|Richard H. Anderson]] | strength1 = X Corps | strength2 = Corps | casualties1 = '''437''' (36 killed, 358 wounded, 43 captured).<ref>{{citation|title=Number 7. Return of Casualties in the Union Forces|work=Official Reports|publisher=The Siege of Petersburg Online}}</ref> | casualties2 = '''513'''{{#tag:ref|This estimate of Confederated casualties is obtained by subtracting the officially reported Union casualties (437) from the NPS estimate of total casualties (950).|group="nb"}} | casualties3 = | campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Richmond-Petersburg Campaign}} }} [[File:Darbytown_Road_Battlefield_Virginia.jpg|310px|thumb|right|Map of Darbytown Road Battlefield core and study areas by the [[American Battlefield Protection Program]].]]

The '''Battle of Darbytown Road''' was fought on October 13, 1864, between Union and Confederate forces. The Confederates were attempting to retake ground they had lost to Federal forces during battles near [[Richmond, Virginia]]. Their efforts failed. On October 13, Union forces advanced to find and feel the new Confederate defensive line in front of Richmond. While mostly a battle of skirmishers, a Federal brigade assaulted fortifications north of Darbytown Road and was repulsed with heavy casualties. The Federals retired to their entrenched lines along New Market Road.

==Background== {{details|Richmond-Petersburg Campaign}}

==Opposing forces== ===Union=== The Union order of battle is compiled from the official tabulation of casualties and includes only units which sustained casualties.<ref>{{cite web|title=Number 7. Return of Casualties in the Union Forces|url=http://www.beyondthecrater.com/siege-of-petersburg-resources/official-records/volume-xlii/part-1-serial-number-87/number-7-return-of-casualties-in-the-union-forces/|work=Official Reports Part 1 (Serial Number 87) – Reports|date=17 July 2010 |publisher=The Siege of Petersburg Online|accessdate=26 October 2012}}</ref>

====Military rank abbreviations used==== * '''MG''' = [[Major general (United States)|Major General]] * '''BG''' = [[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadier General]] * '''Col''' = [[Colonel (United States)|Colonel]] * '''Ltc''' = [[Lieutenant colonel (United States)|Lieutenant Colonel]] * '''Maj''' = [[Major (United States)|Major]] * '''Cpt''' = [[Captain (United States O-3)|Captain]]

====Other abbreviations==== * '''w''' = [[Wounded in action|wounded]] * '''mw''' = [[Mortal wound|mortally wounded]] * '''k''' = [[Killed in action|killed]] * '''c''' = [[Prisoner of war|captured]]

====Army of the James==== {{Main|Army of the James}}

=====X Corps===== {{Main|X Corps (Union Army)}} MG [[Alfred H. Terry]]

{| class="wikitable" ! width=30% | Division ! width=30% | Brigade ! Regiments and others |- | rowspan=3 | First Division      BG [[Adelbert Ames]] | 1st Brigade   Col [[Francis Bates Pond|Francis B. Pond]] | * [[39th Illinois Infantry Regiment|39th Illinois]] * [[62nd Ohio Infantry|62nd Ohio]] * [[67th Ohio Infantry|67th Ohio]] * [[85th Pennsylvania Infantry|85th Pennsylvania]] |- | 2nd Brigade   BG [[Joseph R. Hawley]] | * [[7th Connecticut Infantry Regiment|7th Connecticut]] * [[3rd New Hampshire Infantry Regiment|3rd New Hampshire]] * [[16th New York Heavy Artillery Regiment|16th New York Heavy Artillery]], 7 Companies |- | 3rd Brigade   Col [[Harris M. Plaisted]] | * [[10th Connecticut Infantry Regiment|10th Connecticut]] * [[11th Maine Infantry Regiment|11th Maine]] * [[24th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment|24th Massachusetts]] |- | rowspan=1 | Second Division [not engaged] | | |- | rowspan=2 | Third Division      BG [[William Birney]] | 1st Brigade   Col [[Alvin C. Voris]] | * [[7th United States Colored Infantry|7th U.S. Colored Troops]] * [[9th United States Colored Infantry|9th U.S. Colored Troops]] |- | 2nd Brigade   Col [[Ulysses Doubleday (general)|Ulysses Doubleday]] | * [[29th Connecticut Infantry Regiment (Colored)|29th Connecticut]] * [[8th United States Colored Infantry|8th U.S. Colored Troops]] * 45th U.S. Colored Troops |-

| rowspan=3 | Cavalry Division      BG [[August V. Kautz]] | 1st Brigade   Col Robert M. West | * [[5th Pennsylvania Cavalry Regiment|5th Pennsylvania]] |- | 2nd Brigade   Col [[Samuel P. Spear]] | * [[11th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment|11th Pennsylvania]] |- | 3rd Brigade   Col Andrew W. Evans | * [[1st Regiment Maryland Volunteer Cavalry|1st Maryland]] * [[1st Regiment New York Mounted Rifles|1st New York Mounted Rifles]] |}

==Battle== {{details|Richmond-Petersburg Campaign}}

==References==

{{reflist}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080518004317/http://www.nps.gov/hps/abpp/battles/va078.htm National Park Service battle description] *[http://www.nps.gov/hps/abpp/CWSII/VirginiaBattlefieldProfiles/Darbytown%20to%20Deep%20Bottom%20I.pdf CWSAC Report Update and Resurvey:Individual Battlefield Profiles]{{dead link|date=May 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} * Newsome, Hampton. ''Richmond Must Fall: The Richmond–Petersburg Campaign, October 1864''. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 2013. {{ISBN|978-1-60635-132-1}}.

== Notes == {{reflist|group=nb}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Darbytown Road, Battle Of}} [[Category:Petersburg Campaign]] [[Category:Battles of the eastern theater of the American Civil War]] [[Category:Confederate victories of the American Civil War]] [[Category:Henrico County, Virginia, in the American Civil War]] [[Category:1864 in Virginia]] [[Category:Battles of the American Civil War in Virginia]] [[Category:October 1864]]