{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}} {{for|the culinary herb ''Ocimum basilicum''|basil}} {{Speciesbox |image = Basilicum polystachyon (3966964034).jpg |image_caption = |display_parents = 3 |genus = Basilicum |parent_authority = Moench |species = polystachyon |authority = (L.) Moench |synonyms_ref = <ref name=rath/> |synonyms = *''Lumnitzera'' <small>Jacq. ex Spreng. 1825 not Willd. 1803</small> *''Moschosma'' <small>Rchb.</small> *''Perxo'' <small>Raf.</small> *''Lehmannia'' <small>Jacq. ex Jacq.f. 1844 not Spreng. 1817 nor Tratt. 1824</small> *''Ocimum polystachyon'' <small>L.</small> *''Ocimum moschatum'' <small>Salisb.</small> *''Lumnitzera polystachyon'' <small>(L.) J.Jacq. ex Spreng.</small> *''Moschosma polystachyon'' <small>(L.) Benth.</small> *''Perxo polystachyon'' <small>(L.) Raf.</small> *''Plectranthus parviflorus'' <small>R.Br. 1810 not Willd. 1806 nor Spreng. 1806 nor Gürke 1898</small> *''Plectranthus micranthus'' <small>Spreng.</small> *''Ocimum dimidiatum'' <small>Schumach. & Thonn.</small> *''Moschosma dimidiatum'' <small>(Schumach. & Thonn.) Benth.</small> *''Lehmannia ocymoidea'' <small>Jacq. ex Steud.</small> *''Ocimum tashiroi'' <small>Hayata</small> }}
'''''Basilicum''''' is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described in 1802. It contains only one known species, '''''Basilicum polystachyon''''', native to Africa, Madagascar, southern Asia (Saudi Arabia, India, China, Indochina, Borneo, Philippines, etc.), New Guinea, Australia, and various islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans.{{syn|date=April 2024}}<ref name=rath>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=19929 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bernard |first1=Peyre De Fabrègues |last2=Jean-Pierre |first2=Lebrun |title=Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Niger |date=1976 |publisher=GERDAT-IEMVT |location=Maisons-Alfort |oclc=1366597430 |url=https://agritrop.cirad.fr/347536/ }}{{pn|date=April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Brunel |editor1-first=J. F. |editor2-last=Hiepko |editor2-first=Paul |editor3-last=Scholz |editor3-first=H. |title=Flore analytique du Togo: phanérogames |date=1984 |publisher=Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem |isbn=978-3-921800-18-8 }}{{pn|date=April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Lebrun |first1=Jean-Pierre |title=Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso |date=1991 |publisher=Editions Quae |isbn=978-2-85985-173-6 }}{{pn|date=April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Silva |first1=Mário Calane da |last2=Izidine |first2=Samira |last3=Amude |first3=Ana Bela |title=A Preliminary Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Mozambique |date=2004 |publisher=SABONET |isbn=978-1-919976-12-9 }}{{pn|date=April 2024}}</ref><ref>Suddee, S., Paton, A.J. & Parnell, J.A.N. (2005). Taxonomic Revision of the tribe Ocimeae Dumort (Lamiaceae) in continental South East Asia III. Ociminae. Kew Bulletin 60: 3-75.</ref><ref>Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.</ref><ref>Thulin, M. (ed.) (2006). Flora of Somalia 3: 1-626. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.</ref><ref>Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.</ref><ref>Khanam, M. & Hassan, M.A. (2008). Lamiaceae. Flora of Bangladesh 58: 1-161. Bangladesh National Herbarium, Dhaka.</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Beentje |first1=H. J. |title=Lamiaceae (Labiatae) |date=2009 |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |isbn=978-1-84246-520-2 }}{{pn|date=April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Lejoly |first1=Jean |last2=Ndjele |first2=Mianda-Bungi |last3=Geerinck |first3=Daniel |title=Catalogue-flore des plantes vasculaires des districts de Kisangani et de la Tshopo (RD Congo) |date=2010 |publisher=D.J.P. de Blaay |oclc=665073619 }}{{pn|date=April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Timberlake |first1=J. R. |last2=Martins |first2=E. S. |last3=Diniz |first3=Maria Adé lia |last4=Kok |first4=Rogier P. J. De |title=Flora Zambesiaca Volume 8 Part 8: Labiatae, Pogostemonoideae to Nepetoideae Tribe Mentheae |date=2013 |publisher=Kew Publishing |isbn=978-1-84246-196-9 }}{{pn|date=April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Das |first1=Sumanta |last2=Sultana |first2=Kaniz Wahida |last3=Chandra |first3=Indrani |title=In vitro propagation, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench (Lamiaceae): A short review |journal=South African Journal of Botany |date=April 2023 |volume=155 |pages=178–186 |doi=10.1016/j.sajb.2023.02.009 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist|32em}}
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Category:Lamiaceae Category:Monotypic Lamiaceae genera
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