{{for|the village|Başkale, Narman}} {{Infobox Turkey place | type = metro district | name = Başkale | image_skyline = | image_caption = | image_map = Van location Başkale.PNG | map_caption = Map showing Başkale District in Van Province | coordinates = {{coord|38|02|51|N|44|00|54|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | province = Van | leader_party = | leader_name = | leader_name1 = | area_total_km2 = 2727 | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = <ref name=tuik/> | population_total = 44168 | population_as_of = 2022 | postal_code = 65600 | area_code = 0432 | website = {{url|https://www.baskale.bel.tr/}} }} [[Image: Saint Bartholomew Armenian Monastery.JPG|thumb|300px|right| Ruins of the Armenian [[Saint Bartholomew Monastery]] in Başkale. It was in use by local [[Armenians]] until the [[Armenian genocide]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bulut |first=Uzay |date=15 February 2022 |title=The Destruction of Christian Cultural Heritage |url=https://providencemag.com/2022/02/destruction-christian-cultural-heritage-armenia-azerbaijan-cyprus-syria-turkey/ |access-date=6 September 2022 |website=Providence}}</ref>]]
'''Başkale''' ({{langx|ku-Latn|Elbak}},<ref>{{Cite book |last=Avcıkıran |first=Adem |url= |title=Kürtçe Anamnez, Anamneza bi Kurmancî |year=2009 |page=57 |language=ku, tr}}</ref> {{langx|hy|Ադամակերտ|translit=Adamakert}}) is a municipality and [[Districts of Turkey|district]] of [[Van Province]], [[Turkey]].<ref>[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150706215822/https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx |date=2015-07-06 }}, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.</ref> Its area is 2,727 km<sup>2</sup>,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.harita.gov.tr/uploads/files-folder/il_ilce_alanlari.xlsx|title=İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri|publisher=General Directorate of Mapping|access-date=19 September 2023}}</ref> and its population is 44,168 (2022).<ref name=tuik>{{Cite web |title=Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports|url=https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en |access-date=19 September 2023|publisher=[[TÜİK]]|language=en|format=XLS}}</ref> The municipality Başkale was established in 1937. In the [[2019 Turkish local elections|local elections of March 2019]] Erkan Acar from the [[Peoples' Democratic Party (Turkey)|Peoples' Democratic Party]] (HDP) was elected mayor.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Van Başkale Seçim Sonuçları - 31 Mart 2019 Yerel Seçimleri|url=https://www.sabah.com.tr/secim/31-mart-2019-yerel-secim-sonuclari/van/baskale/ilcesi-yerel-secim-sonuclari|website=www.sabah.com.tr|access-date=2020-05-19}}</ref>
==Geography== Başkale is situated {{convert|20|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} west of the Turkey-Iran border. {{convert|138|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} of the national border is on the east and north-east of the Başkale district. Başkale shares district borders with [[Yüksekova District]] of [[Hakkari Province]] to the south, [[Saray, Van|Saray]] and [[Özalp, Van|Özalp]] districts of [[Van Province]] to the north, and [[Gürpınar, Van|Gürpınar]] district of Van Province to the west.
Başkale is situated 2460 metres above sea level, in the valley of the [[Great Zab]] River (Zapsuyu), and the town stands on the eastern slope of the south-eastern [[Taurus Mountains]]. The majority of the {{convert|2599|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}} Başkale district is mountainous. The agricultural portion is only {{convert|355|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}}, approximately 14% of the total area. Başkale is enclosed by Mount (Yiğit)/Haravil (3468 m) in the east, Mount Başkale/İspiriz (3668 m) in the west, and Mount Gökdağ (3604 m) in the south-east. The mountains of Mor, Haravil, Mengene and Çekvan are in the district of Başkale. Other geographical features in Başkale include the Karasu river, and the plateaus of Nebirnav, Kevçikan, Hanasor, Çekvan, Aşkitan (Ülya), Perihan, Meydan, Harinan, Terazın, Sülav, Medgezeren, Pistekan, Herevil-Şirez, Derevan, Derik, Bağarük, Düava and Mengen.
===Climate=== {{Weather box| location = Başkale, Turkey (1991-2020)| width= 70%| single line = Y| metric first = Y| Jan high C =-1.7| Feb high C =-0.6| Mar high C =3.9| Apr high C =10.0| May high C =15.6| Jun high C =21.7| Jul high C =26.1| Aug high C =26.7| Sep high C =22.3| Oct high C =15.0| Nov high C = 6.7| Dec high C = 0.8| year high C =12.3| Jan low C =-9.7| Feb low C =-9.0| Mar low C =-4.6| Apr low C =0.6| May low C =5.1| Jun low C =9.4| Jul low C =13.1| Aug low C =13.3| Sep low C =9.0| Oct low C =3.8| Nov low C =-2.2| Dec low C =-7.1| year low C =1.9| Jan mean C =-6.3| Feb mean C =-5.3| Mar mean C =-0.8| Apr mean C =4.9| May mean C =10.1| Jun mean C =15.4| Jul mean C =19.5| Aug mean C =19.9| Sep mean C =15.3| Oct mean C =8.8| Nov mean C =1.7| Dec mean C =-3.8| year mean C =6.7|precipitation colour = green| Jan precipitation mm =33.1| Feb precipitation mm =42.4| Mar precipitation mm =59.4| Apr precipitation mm =70.0| May precipitation mm =52.5| Jun precipitation mm =25.1| Jul precipitation mm =17.4| Aug precipitation mm =9.8| Sep precipitation mm =7.7| Oct precipitation mm =28.4| Nov precipitation mm =43.6| Dec precipitation mm =37.2| year precipitation mm =426.3| unit precipitation days = 1 mm| Jan precipitation days =5.4| Feb precipitation days =6.0| Mar precipitation days =7.6| Apr precipitation days =8.6| May precipitation days =8.4| Jun precipitation days =4.7| Jul precipitation days =4.0| Aug precipitation days =2.5| Sep precipitation days =2.0| Oct precipitation days =4.8| Nov precipitation days =5.6| Dec precipitation days =5.8| year precipitation days =65.4 | Jan humidity = 69.2| Feb humidity = 68.0| Mar humidity = 63.1| Apr humidity = 56.0| May humidity = 51.9| Jun humidity = 43.9| Jul humidity = 39.7| Aug humidity = 37.2| Sep humidity = 39.8| Oct humidity = 52.8| Nov humidity = 60.3| Dec humidity = 67.7| year humidity = 54.1 |source = NOAA<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Turkiye/CSV/Baskale_17880.csv| title = Başkale Climate Normals 1991–2020| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]| access-date = January 8, 2024 }}</ref> }}
==Demographics== According to [[Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition]] from 1911, the town included 10 thousand people, mostly consisting of [[Kurds]] but also 1.5 thousand [[Armenians]] and 1 thousand [[Jews]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Bashkala |volume= 3 |last= Maunsell |first= Francis Richard |author-link= Francis Richard Maunsell | page = 465-466}}</ref>
==Composition== There are 69 [[mahalle|neighbourhoods]] in Başkale District:<ref>[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx Mahalle] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150706215822/https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx |date=2015-07-06 }}, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.</ref> {{div col|colwidth=12em}} * Açıkağıl * Akçalı * Albayrak * Aşağıküme * Aşalan * Atlılar * Aydemir * Azıklı * Barış * Belencik * Beşocak * Bilgeç * Böğrüpek * Bölekli * Büklümdere * Çakırdoğan * Çaldıran * Dereiçi * Deringeçit * Ekecek * Erek * Erkonağı * Esenyamaç * Eşmepınar * Evbakan * Gedikbaşı * Gelenler * Güleçler * [[Güroluk, Başkale|Güroluk]] * Güvendik * Hafiziye * Hasanbey * Ilıcak * Işıklı * Kaşkol * Kavurgalı * Keçilioba * Kızılca * Kocaköy * Koçdağı * Konuksayar * Köprüağzı * Kovalıpınar * Mahmutabat * Oğulveren * Ömerdağı * Öncüler * Örencik * Örenkale * Örmetaş * Ortayazı * Ortayol * Özpınar * Saçan * Sallıdere * Savaş * Sualtı * Tahıl * Tepebaşı * Tınazlı * Uğurlu * Yanal * Yavuzlar * Yeni * Yolmaçayır * Yukarıdallı * Yukarıdarıca * Yukarıdikmen * Yurttepe {{div col end}}
==References== {{Reflist}}
==Further reading== *{{Cite EB1911 |first=Francis Richard |last=Maunsell |wstitle=Bashkala|volume=3|pages=465-466}} *{{Cite web |url=http://www.baskale.gov.tr |title=Başkale Kaymakamlığı |language=tr}} *{{Cite web |url=http://www.argia.com/multimedia/docs/diaporamak/Baskale/ |title=Audio slideshow on the town of Baskale, documenting the local election campaign in 2009. Basque captions|language=eu}}
{{Districts of Turkey|provname=Van|sortkey=Baskale}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Baskale}} [[Category:Başkale| ]] [[Category:Populated places in Van Province]] [[Category:Districts of Van Province]] [[Category:Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey]] [[Category:Kurdish settlements in Van Province]] [[Category:Former Armenian communities in Van Province]]