Bangil

{{Short description|Capital of Pasuruan Regency, Indonesia}} {{distinguish|Bangli}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Bangil | native_name = Kecamatan Bangil | native_name_lang = id | settlement_type = Town | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_flag = | flag_alt = | image_seal = | seal_alt = | image_shield = | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = Bangil Bangkit (''Rise Up Bangil'') | image_map = Locator kabupaten pasuruan.png | map_alt = Locator kabupaten pasuruan Regency | map_caption = Location of Bangil in Pasuruan | pushpin_map = Indonesia Java | pushpin_map_caption = Bangil location in Java | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_map_alt = Location of Bangil in Java | coordinates = {{coord|-7.597827|112.784568|display=inline,title}} | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Indonesia | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = East Java | subdivision_type2 = Regency | subdivision_name2 = Pasuruan | subdivision_type3 = District | subdivision_name3 = Bangil | established_title = Established | established_date = 18 September 929 (1094 years) | founder = | seat_type = Administrative Centre | seat = Alun-Alun Bangil | government_footnotes = | leader_party = | leader_title1 = Head of District | leader_name1 = Fathurrahman | leader_title2 = District Chief | leader_name2 = | unit_pref = Metric  | area_footnotes = | area_urban_footnotes =  | area_rural_footnotes =  | area_metro_footnotes =  | area_magnitude =  | area_note = | area_water_percent = | area_rank = | area_blank1_title = | area_blank2_title =  | area_total_km2 = 44.60 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_urban_km2 = | area_rural_km2 = | area_metro_km2 = | area_blank1_km2 = | area_blank2_km2 =  | area_total_ha = | area_land_ha = | area_water_ha = | area_urban_ha = | area_rural_ha = | area_metro_ha = | area_blank1_ha = | area_blank2_ha = | length_km = | width_km = | dimensions_footnotes = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 9 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 85504 | population_as_of = mid 2024 estimate<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2025">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Kabupaten Pasuruan Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3514)</ref> | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_note = | timezone1 = WIB (UTC+7) | utc_offset1 = | timezone1_DST = | utc_offset1_DST = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = 67153 | area_code_type = | area_code = 0343 | iso_code = | website = www.bangil.pasuruankab.go.id | footnotes = }}

'''Bangil''' (Javanese: ''Bangel'', Arabic: بانغيل) is the name of a district and administrative centre of Pasuruan Regency, in the East Java province of Indonesia. Located 30 km from Surabaya, it lies on the southwest coast of the Madura Strait. The district is divided into fifteen villages.

On September 11, 2005, the Regency of Pasuruan declared the name ''Bangkodir (Bangil Kota Bordir)'' – 'Bangil, the embroidery city' – when the district won the MURI record for the longest embroidered fabric. The embroidered fabric was displayed during the Fashion Show (Fashion on the Street) with its length as long as 1 km.

The town of Bangil, lies between the access road from Surabaya to Banyuwangi and Bali, having alternative short routes connecting it to Pandaan, Sukorejo, and Malang. In 2010 the Pasuruan Regency decided to make the town of Bangil the administrative capital of the Regency.

==Villages== The district is composed of the following administrative villages * Kolursari * Kidul Dalem * Pogar * Kauman * Bendo Mungal * Kersikan * Gempeng * Dermo * Latek * Masangan * Raci * Kalianyar * Manaruwi * Kalirejo * Tambakan

==History== thumb|left | Port of Bangil with Madurese pirogues, East Java There is no reliable reference to explain how the name ''Bangil'' originated. The Santri group of students said that Bangil derived from ''Mbah Ngilmu'', referring to a cleric who was known to be courageous in the defense of Islam. The more popular story in the wider community says that the name comes from the Javanese word ''Mbah'e Angel'', where the word ''angel'' Means ''very difficult'', referring to the character of the Bangil people that is difficult to change. The name of Bangil is also listed in an ancient Chinese document stating that when ''King Ta'Cheh'' (either Muawiyah bin Abu Sufyan or his son Yazid I) sent a spy to monitor the Kalinga Kingdom, the messenger landed at a small harbor named Banger, or ''Bang-il'' as the Chinese call it.<ref name="Bangil terlupakan">{{cite web|url=http://kampungarabsurabaya.blog.com/2014/03/20/bangil-kota-sejarah-yang-dilupakan/ |title=Bangil Terlupakan dalam Sejarah |language=id |accessdate=June 4, 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140403231505/http://kampungarabsurabaya.blog.com/2014/03/20/bangil-kota-sejarah-yang-dilupakan/ |archivedate=April 3, 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jSfrShDefd8C&dq=raja++Ta+Cheh&pg=PA68|title=Sejarah 2|isbn=9789797469061|publisher=Yudhistira Ghalia Indonesia|page=68}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EJ9wAAAAMAAJ&q=raja++Ta+Cheh|first=Maharsi|last=Purwadi |title=Babad Demak: sejarah perkembangan Islam di tanah Jawa|language=id|publisher=Tunas Harapan|year=2005|isbn=9789792612042}}</ref>

[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Studioportret van H.E. Boissevain in rechterlijke toga Lawang TMnr 60052560.jpg|thumb|Studio portrait of Henri Edmund Boissevain, the president of the Bangil Land Council in judicial gown, August 18, 1924 (photo by Tjioe Siauw Tjhwan)]] [[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Portret van een Chinese luitenant te Bangil Java TMnr 10005293.jpg|thumb|A portrait of a Kapitan Cina in Bangil]]

The town was also the place where Untung Surapati's last war against the Dutch's VOC in 1706 took place and also where he died. Suropati's force tried to defend the fortification wall surrounding Bangil with its artillery, but eventually the Dutch, led by Govert Knol, defeated him and took over the town, where they lost about 400 to 500 soldiers of the Madurese.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m7sUAAAAIAAJ&dq=bangil&pg=PA39|title=Surapati: Man and Legend : a Study of Three Babad Traditions|isbn=9789004043640|publisher=Brill Archive|year=1976|first1=Ann|last1=Kumar|pages=421|accessdate=June 4, 2014}}</ref>

Arab merchants arrived around 1860 in the old town for trading, along with the Chinese merchants through a port in Porong Creek, located between Bangil and Rembang. Although Bangil was a relatively small area used as a stopover village, it was already known by traders familiar with its economic potentials, before they spread to the surrounding areas. Since 1873, Hadharim settlements were created in Bangil under the leadership of several Kapitan Arab such as Saleh bin Muhammad bin Said Sabaja (1892), Muhammad bin Saleh Sabaja (1920), and Muhammad bin Salim Nabhan (1930).<ref name="Bangil terlupakan"/>

Although not often noted in the historical literature, records show that Bangil was once reached by a Hindu kingdom, Medang Kamulan. However, Bangil is more known as a region that has a very strong Islamic culture, including the presence of Islamic educational institutions spread throughout the town. The spread of Islam in this town was not only carried out by Hadhrami people but also by Chinese people such as ''Bong Swi Ho'' when he was a Captain of the Chinese.<ref name="Bangil terlupakan"/>

left|thumb|Bangil indigenous civil servants with Arab and Chinese leaders during the Dutch East Indies Rule

This town is also known to have a female Islamic hero named Syarifah Khadija, also known as ''Mbah Ratu Ayu'', a grandchild of Sunan Gunung Jati. It was told there was a Muslim missionary who originally settled in Cirebon named ''Abdurrahman ibn Umar Basyaiban'' who married her and had two sons, one named Arif Basyaiban who studied in Segoro Puro. Another son named Sulaiman, otherwise known as Mojoagung Sulaiman, is believed to have been the founder of ''Pesantren Sidogiri'' (Sidogiri boarding school), the oldest boarding school in East Java. It is said that after visiting his two sons, ''Mbah Ratu'' fell ill and eventually died in Bangil, where her grave can be found in the area between Swadesi and Kersikan.<ref name="Bangil terlupakan"/>

Bangil is also the place where Sutomo was sent for his primary education at a Dutch-language elementary school. While in Bangil, he stayed with his maternal uncle.

==Climate== Bangil has a Tropical wet and dry climate, with distinct wet and dry seasons. This climate is considered to be ''Aw'' according to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. The average annual high temperature in Bangil is around {{convert|32.36|C|F}} and the average annual low temperature is {{convert|23.61|C|F}}. The town's wet season runs from October through May, while the dry season covers the remaining four months. Unlike several cities, towns and regions with a tropical wet and dry climate, the average high and low temperatures are very consistent throughout the year. {{Weather box |location = Bangil, Pasuruan Regency (elevation {{convert|9|m|abbr=on|disp=or}}) |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan high C = 31.5 |Feb high C = 31.5 |Mar high C = 31.6 |Apr high C = 31.7 |May high C = 31.9 |Jun high C = 31.9 |Jul high C = 31.8 |Aug high C = 32.3 |Sep high C = 32.7 |Oct high C = 33.1 |Nov high C = 32.8 |Dec high C = 32

| source 1 = Climate-Data.org (temp & precip)<ref> {{cite web | url = https://en.climate-data.org/asia/indonesia/east-java/bangil-977151/ | title = Climate: Bangil, Pasuruan Regency | publisher = Climate-Data.org | accessdate = 11 April 2019}} </ref>

| source 2 = Weatherbase (humidity)<ref> {{cite web | url = http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=602244&cityname=Bangil-Indonesia | title = BANGIL, INDONESIA | publisher = Weatherbase | accessdate = 11 April 2019}} </ref> }}

==Demographics== The town of Bangil is populated with various tribes and ethnicities, including Javanese, Indonesian Chinese, Arab Indonesian, Banjar, Madurese, and others.

The population makeup of Bangil District as of 2010 is 98.05% Muslims, 0.61% Protestants, 0.48% Catholics, 0.72% Hindus, and 0.14% Buddhist.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://petapasuruan.files.wordpress.com/2012/10/jumlah-umat-beragama-di-kabupaten-pasuruan.pdf|title=Jumlah Umat Beragama di Kabupaten Pasuruan|accessdate=June 4, 2014}}</ref>

==Education== Bangil is known as the "Town of ''Santri''" because there are well-known Islamic boarding schools built and established here, for example, ''YAPI''boarding school built by Husein al-Habsyi. The word ''YAPI'' is a contraction of the Indonesian words ''Yayasan Pesantren Islam'' (Arabic: ''Muassasat al-Ma'hadil Islami'') or The Islamic Boarding School Foundation. The school was originally built in Bondowoso in 1976, but five years later it was moved to Bangil.

''PERSIS'' and Muhammadiyah schools also exist in the area. The ''PERSIS'' pesantren (boarding school) was established in Bangil following Ahmad Hassan's move from Bandung to Bangil, where he dedicated the rest of his life to teaching. Several PERSIS leaders, such as Muhammad Natsir and Muhammad Salim Nabhan were involved in the establishment.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cTHqqDr61dMC&dq=bangil&pg=PA69|title=Laskar Jihad|first=Noorhaidi |last=Hasan| publisher=SEAP Publications|year=2006| page=69|isbn=9780877277408}}</ref>

Bangil's people adhere to different denominations: while they are mostly Sunni followers, there is growing number of Shi'ite followers, which believed is taught at YAPI.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IbhIAgAAQBAJ&dq=bangil&pg=PA142|title=The Struggle of the Shi'is in Indonesia|author=Zulkifli|publisher=ANU E Press|year=2013|page=142|isbn=9781925021301}}</ref>

===PP Darullughah Wadda'wah=== Habib Bahar bin Smith, founder of the Prophet's Defender Council {{note|Indonesian: ''Majelis Pembela Rasullulah'', literally "Defenders Council of the Apostle of God"}}, was educated in a ''Pesantren'' in southeast Bangil. That ''pesantren'' is no other than '''Pondok Pesantren Darullughah Wadda'wah''' (literally "Home of Clarity for His Face"), also spelled '''PP Darul Lughoh Wadda`wah''', which is abbreviated '''PP Dalwa'''. As of 27 September 2024, the institution had 856 Google Maps reviews averaging about 4.6 stars and 129,800 Instagram followers.

==Cuisine== One of the favorite foods of Bangil is ''Nasi Punel'' or Punel rice. The word ''Punel'' is an anagram of the javanese word "pulen" (fluffier). This dish was initially sold from village to village in the morning by street vendors, but now can be found anywhere across the town. The rice is usually served on plate covered with a banana leaf. The rice is sprinkled with Serundeng, accompanied with Scallops Sate, ''Lentho'' (kind of fries, made of blackeyed pea and grated cassava) or ''Menjeng'' (oval-shape tempeh), Bali spices, sliced meat, grated coconut, bone gristle, and flavored and slightly sweet steamed coconut milk. Vegetables are usually shoots and young jackfruit. The main side dish can be ''Empal'' (fried meat), fried chicken, scrambled eggs, lung, beef Jerky or others. It is served with pestle spicy chilly sauce mixed with sliced green beans.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wisata.kompasiana.com/kuliner/2013/10/09/nasi-punel-kuliner-khas-bangil-600072.html|title=Nasi Punel: Kuliner Khas Bangil|accessdate=June 7, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714154538/http://wisata.kompasiana.com/kuliner/2013/10/09/nasi-punel-kuliner-khas-bangil-600072.html|archive-date=July 14, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==References== {{Reflist|2}}

==External links== * {{Commons category-inline}} * [http://bangil.pasuruankab.go.id Official Site of Bangil City-District] * [http://www.bangil.info/ Situs Portal Informasi Seputar Bangil Kota Bordir] * [http://www.facebook.com/kotabangil Facebook Kota Bangil]

Category:Pasuruan Regency Category:Populated places in East Java Category:Districts of East Java Category:Regency seats of East Java