Banchinae

{{Short description|Subfamily of wasps}} {{automatic taxobox | image = Lissonota sp01.jpg | image_caption = Unidentified ''Lissonota'' species from [https://www.entomart.be entomart.be] | taxon = Banchinae | subdivision_ranks = Tribes | subdivision = *Atrophini *Banchini *Glyptini }} '''Banchinae''' is a subfamily of ichneumonid parasitoid wasps containing about 1,500 species; the genera ''Glypta'' and ''Lissonota'' are very large. The three tribes (Banchini, Glyptini and Atrophini) are all distributed worldwide.<ref>Townes & Townes (1978)</ref><ref name="Brock2017">{{cite journal|last1=Brock|first1=J.P.|title=The Banchine Wasps (Ichneumonidae: Banchinae) of the British Isles|journal=Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects|date=2017|volume=7|publisher=Royal Entomological Society|issue=4|pages=1–150|isbn=9781910159019}}</ref>

In older treatments, the Lycorininae, Neorhacodinae and Stilbopinae are often included in the Banchinae; newer works usually consider them separate subfamilies.<ref>Townes (1969, 1971), Townes & Townes (1978), Wahl (1999)</ref>

All banchines are koinobiont endoparasites of Lepidoptera. The Glyptini parasitise Tortricoidea. Atrophini parasitise a wider range of small moths. Species of ''Lissonota'' have long ovipositors able to reach deep wood-boring Lepidoptera such as Cossidae.<ref>Aubert (1978), Townes & Townes (1978)</ref> Banchinae and Campopleginae are the only subfamilies of Ichneumonidae known to have polydnaviruses.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lapointe|first=Renée|last2=Tanaka|first2=Kohjiro|last3=Barney|first3=Walter E.|last4=Whitfield|first4=James B.|last5=Banks|first5=Jonathan C.|last6=Béliveau|first6=Catherine|last7=Stoltz|first7=Don|last8=Webb|first8=Bruce A.|last9=Cusson|first9=Michel|date=2007-06-15|title=Genomic and Morphological Features of a Banchine Polydnavirus: Comparison with Bracoviruses and Ichnoviruses|journal=Journal of Virology|language=en|volume=81|issue=12|pages=6491–6501|doi=10.1128/jvi.02702-06|issn=0022-538X|pmid=17428854|pmc=1900126}}</ref>

Most Banchinae have a stalked diamond-shaped areolet.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ichneumonid diagnostics |url=https://www.cedarcreek.umn.edu/insects/album/025016bp.html |access-date=2023-05-12 |website=www.cedarcreek.umn.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Böcher |first=Jens |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5FDFCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA230 |title=The Greenland Entomofauna: An Identification Manual of Insects, Spiders and their Allies |last2=Kristensen (†) |first2=N. P. |last3=Pape |first3=Thomas |last4=Vilhelmsen |first4=Lars |date=2015-05-26 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-26105-1 |pages=230 |language=en}}</ref> A lobe of the propodeum projects over the middle coxae. The propodeum has few ridges (carinae), and the face is described as goat-like.

thumb|Atrophini: ''Diradops bethunei'' thumb|Banchini: ''Banchus volutatorius'' thumb|Glyptini: ''Glypta'' sp.

==Genera== These 42 genera belong to the subfamily Banchinae:<ref name=catlife/> {{Div col|colwidth=20em}} * ''Agathilla'' Westwood, 1882 * ''Alloplasta'' Förster, 1869 * ''Amphirhachis'' Townes, 1969 * ''Apophua'' Morley, 1913 * ''Arenetra'' Holmgren, 1859 * ''Atropha'' Kriechbaumer, 1894 * ''Australoglypta'' Gauld, 1977 * ''Banchopsis'' Rudow, 1886 * ''Banchus'' Fabricius, 1798 * ''Cephaloglypta'' Obrtel, 1956 * ''Ceratogastra'' Ashmead, 1900 * ''Cryptopimpla'' Taschenberg, 1863 * ''Deleboea'' Cameron, 1903 * ''Diblastomorpha'' Förster, 1869 * ''Diradops'' Townes, 1946 * ''Exetastes'' Gravenhorst, 1829 * ''Glypta'' Gravenhorst, 1829 * ''Hadeleboea'' Ugalde & Gauld, 2002 * ''Hadrostethus'' Townes, 1969 * ''Hapsinotus'' Townes, 1970 * ''Helotorus'' Townes, 1978 * ''Himertosoma'' Schmiedeknecht, 1900 * ''Hylesicida'' Ugalde & Gauld, 2002 * ''Lampronota'' Curtis, 1832 * ''Leptobatopsis'' Ashmead, 1900 * ''Levibasis'' Townes, 1969 * ''Lissonota'' Gravenhorst, 1829 * ''Meniscomorpha'' Schmiedeknecht, 1907 * ''Mnioes'' Townes, 1946 * ''Occia'' Tosquinet, 1904 * ''Odinophora'' Förster, 1869 * ''Rhynchobanchus'' Kriechbaumer, 1894 * ''Rynchobanchus'' Kriechbaumer, 1894 * ''Shortia'' Gauld, 1984 * ''Sjostedtiella'' Szépligeti, 1908 * ''Sphelodon'' Townes, 1966 * ''Spilopimpla'' Cameron, 1904 * ''Syzeuctus'' Förster, 1869 * ''Teleutaea'' Förster, 1869 * ''Tetractenion'' Seyrig, 1932 * ''Tossinola'' Viktorov, 1958 * ''Zaglyptomorpha'' Viereck, 1913 {{Div col end}}

==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=catlife> {{Cite web| title=Catalogue of Life, Banchinae Townes, 1951 | url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/V49ZC | access-date=2025-10-25 }}</ref> }} == Other sources == {{refbegin}} * {{aut|Aubert, J.F.}} (1978): ''Les Ichneumonides ouest-palearctiques et leurs hotes 2. Banchinae et Suppl. aux Pimplinae'' ["The Western Palearctic ichneumon wasps and their hosts. 2. Banchinae and supplement to the Pimplinae"]. Laboratoire d'Evolution des Etres Organises{{Verify source|date=June 2008}}, Paris & EDIFAT-OPIDA, Echauffour. [in French] * {{aut|Townes, H.K.}} (1969): Genera of Ichneumonidae, Part 3 (Lycorininae, Banchinae, Scolobatinae, Porizontinae). ''Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute'' '''13''': 1-307. * {{aut|Townes, H.K.}} (1971): Genera of Ichneumonidae, Part 4 (Cremastinae, Phrudinae, Tersilochinae, Ophioninae, Mesochorinae, Metopiinae, Anomalinae, Acaenitinae, Microleptinae, Orthopelmatinae, Collyriinae, Orthocentrinae, Diplazontinae). ''Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute'' '''17''': 1-372. * {{aut|Townes, H.K. & Townes, M.}} (1978): Ichneumon-flies of America North of Mexico: 7. Subfamily Banchinae, tribes Lissonotini and Banchini. ''Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute'' '''26''': 1-614. * {{aut|Wahl, David}} (1999): [https://web.archive.org/web/20080725073724/http://iris.biosci.ohio-state.edu/catalogs/ichneumonids/ Classification and Systematics of the Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera)]. Version of 1999-JUL-19. Retrieved 2008-JUN-18. {{refend}}

==External links== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080610150454/http://bitkikorumamuzesi.netfirms.com/ichneumonidae_anahtar.htm#Banchinae#Banchinae Diagnostic characters] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080804004956/http://www.waspweb.org/Ichneumonoidea/Ichneumonidae/Banchinae/index.htm Waspweb]

Category:Ichneumonidae Category:Apocrita subfamilies Category:Endoparasites