{{Short description|Genus of trilobites}} {{Automatic taxobox | fossil_range = {{fossil range|Silurian}} | image = Neotype fossil (BU55) of the encrinurine trilobite Balizoma variolaris.jpg | image_caption = ''Balizoma variolaris'' fossil; neotype of the type species | taxon = Balizoma | authority = Holloway, 1980 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = * †''B. variolaris'' }}
'''''Balizoma''''' is a genus of trilobites from the family Encrinuridae established by David J. Holloway in 1980.<ref name=Holloway1980>{{cite journal |last1=Holloway |first1=David J. |title=Middle Silurian trilobites from Arkansas and Oklahoma, U.S.A. |journal=Palaeontographica Abteilung A |date=1980 |volume=170 |pages=1–85|url=https://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/pala/detail/A170/71018/Middle_Silurian_trilobites_from_Arkansas_and_Oklahoma_USA_Part_1}}</ref> It has only been found in rocks of Silurian age. Its type species, ''B. variolaris'' (Brongniart, 1822), is currently the only named species of the genus, and is found in England. The neotype of ''B. variolaris'' was collected from the Much Wenlock Limestone Formation at Dudley, West Midlands.<ref name=TrippTemple&Gass1977>{{cite journal|last1=Tripp| first1=R. P.|last2=Temple|first2=J.T.|last3=Gass|first3=K.C.|title=The Silurian trilobite ''Encrinurus variolaris'' and allied species, with notes on ''Frammia''|journal =Palaeontology|volume=20|issue=4|pages=847–867|year=1977|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301584640}}</ref> That specimen was first illustrated in Sir Roderick Impey Murchison's classic book, ''The Silurian System''.<ref name=Murchison1839>{{cite book|last1=Murchison |first1=Roderick Impey|title=The Silurian System|date=1839|publisher=John Murray|location=London|pages=726|url=https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/siluriansystemfimurc}}</ref> ''B. variolaris'' was the original "strawberry-headed" trilobite of Dudley, so-named because of its nodular glabellar tubercles, and well known to early trilobite collectors.<ref name=TrippTemple&Gass1977b>{{cite journal|last1=Tripp| first1=R. P.|last2=Temple|first2=J.T.|last3=Gass|first3=K.C.|title=Calymene variolaris Brongniart, 1822 (Trilobita): Proposed use of the plenary powers to designate a neotype in harmony with current use. Z.N.(S.) 2189|journal =Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature|volume=33|issue=3&4|pages=250–252|year=1977|url=https://www.palass.org/sites/default/files/media/publications/palaeontology/volume_20/vol20_part4_pp847-867.pdf}}</ref> Additional species were originally assigned to ''Balizoma'', but were subsequently placed in other encrinurine genera.<ref name=Ramskold1986>{{cite journal |last1=Ramskold |first1=Lars |title=Silurian encrinurid trilobites from Gotland and Dalarna, Sweden |journal=Palaeontology |date=1986 |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=527–575|url=https://www.palass.org/sites/default/files/media/publications/palaeontology/volume_29/vol29_part3_pp527-575.pdf}}</ref><ref name=EdgecombeChatterton1993<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Edgecombe |first1=Gregory D. |last2=Chatterton |first2=Brian D. E. |title=Silurian (Wenlock-Ludlow) encrinurine trilobites from the Mackenzie Mountains, Canada, and related species |journal=Palaeontographica Abteilung A |date=1993 |volume=229 |pages=75–112|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271695841}}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
== External links == * [http://www.paleodatabase.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=21455&is_real_user=1] ''Balizoma'' in the Paleobiology Database * [http://mimsy.bham.ac.uk/detail.php?t=objects&type=all&f=&s=variolaris&record=0] Listing of ''Balizoma variolaris'' neotype in Online Collections at University of Birmingham registry. * [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/20019#page/5/mode/1up] Listing in Official Lists and Indexes of Names and Works in Zoology, 1987 (page 307)] * [https://decapoda.nhm.org/pdfs/22720/22720.pdf] Listing in Official Lists and Indexes of Names and Works in Zoology, Supplement 1986-2000 (page 131)
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Category:Encrinuridae Category:Silurian trilobites of Europe Category:Silurian animals of Europe Category:Paleozoic life of the Northwest Territories Category:Paleozoic life of Yukon Category:Phacopida genera
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