Parwan Detention Facility

{{Short description|Afghanistan's main military prison}} {{Use mdy dates|date=July 2025}} thumb|500px|Aerial view of the Parwan Detention Facility during its completion in 2009. The '''Parwan Detention Facility''' (also called '''Detention Facility in Parwan''' or '''Bagram prison''') is Afghanistan's main military prison. Situated next to the Bagram Air Base in the Parwan Province of Afghanistan, the prison was built by the U.S. during the George W. Bush administration. The Parwan Detention Facility, which housed foreign and local combatants, was maintained by the Afghan National Army.

Once known as the '''Bagram Collection Point''', initially it was intended to be a temporary facility. Nevertheless, it was used longer and handled more detainees than the U.S. Guantanamo Bay detention camp in Cuba.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/bagram-detention-centre-now-twice-the-size-of-guantanamo-768803.html|title=Bagram detention centre now twice the size of Guantanamo|last=Gumbel|first=Andrew|date=January 8, 2008|work=The Independent|access-date=July 24, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200115234855/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/bagram-detention-centre-now-twice-the-size-of-guantanamo-768803.html|archive-date=January 15, 2020}}</ref> As of June 2011, the Parwan detention facility held 1,700 prisoners; there had been 600 prisoners under the Bush administration. None of the prisoners received prisoner of war status.<ref name="salon1" /><ref name="bush">{{cite news|url=https://www.salon.com/2008/07/03/afghanistan/|title=Bush vows more troops for Afghanistan, but Mullen doesn't have them|last=Benen|first=Steve|author-link=Steve Benen|date=July 3, 2008|work=Salon|access-date=July 24, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326063103/https://www.salon.com/2008/07/03/afghanistan/|archive-date=March 26, 2017}}</ref>

Treatment of inmates at the facility came under scrutiny after two Afghan detainees died in the 2002 Bagram torture and prisoner abuse case. Their deaths were classified as homicides, and prisoner abuse charges were made against seven American soldiers. Concerns about lengthy detentions there prompted comparisons to U.S. detention centers in Guantanamo Bay in Cuba and Abu Ghraib in Iraq. Part of the internment facility was known as the black jail.<ref name="salon1"/><ref name="ChurchReport">{{cite web|url=http://www.defenselink.mil/news/Mar2005/d20050310exe.pdf|title=ISTF Final Report|last=Church|first=Albert T.|author-link=Albert T. Church|date=March 10, 2005|publisher=Department of Defense|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050313171104/http://www.defenselink.mil/news/Mar2005/d20050310exe.pdf|archive-date=March 13, 2005|access-date=December 9, 2007}}</ref>

==Physical site== thumb|Construction of the new detention facility thumb|Inside view of a cell after completion in 2009 thumb|Inside the multi-bed room Bagram Air Base was established by the U.S. in the 1950s.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.meridian.org/insmallthingsremembered/president-dwight-d-eisenhower-inspects-the-honor-guard-upon-arrival-at-bagram-airport|title=President Dwight D. Eisenhower inspects the honor guard upon arrival at Bagram Airport.|publisher=Meridian International Center|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191101155926/http://www.meridian.org/insmallthingsremembered/president-dwight-d-eisenhower-inspects-the-honor-guard-upon-arrival-at-bagram-airport|archive-date=November 1, 2019|access-date=June 1, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.meridian.org/insmallthingsremembered/president-eisenhower-is-welcomed-at-the-airport-by-king-zahir-shah-afghan-government-officials-and-children|title=President Eisenhower is welcomed at the airport by King Zahir Shah, Afghan government officials, and children.|publisher=Meridian International Center|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518124604/https://www.meridian.org/insmallthingsremembered/president-eisenhower-is-welcomed-at-the-airport-by-king-zahir-shah-afghan-government-officials-and-children|archive-date=May 18, 2019|access-date=June 1, 2015}}</ref> It was used by the Soviet Red Army during the 1980s Soviet–Afghan War.<ref name=GlobalSecurityBagram1>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/afghanistan/bagram.htm|title=Afghanistan – Bagram Airbase|publisher=Global Security|access-date=September 24, 2007}}</ref><ref name="Bbc20070227">{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4672491.stm|title=Bagram: US base in Afghanistan|date=February 27, 2007|access-date=September 24, 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622170153/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4672491.stm|archive-date=June 22, 2019|work=BBC News}}</ref> The airfield included large hangars that fell into disrepair amidst the 1990s civil war. After removal of the Taliban and formation of the Karzai administration, the U.S. took control of the base. It did not need the volume of hangar space, so it built a detention facility inside the large unused hangars. As with the first facilities later built at Guantanamo's Camp X-Ray, the cells were built of wire mesh. Only captives held in solitary confinement had individual cells.<ref name=RadioFreeEurope20061005/> Other captives shared larger open cells.

Some accounts reported that captives were provided with shared buckets to use as toilets and lacked access to running water.<ref name=MoazzamBeggBBush>{{cite web|url=http://www.dod.mil/pubs/foi/detainees/csrt_arb/publicly_filed_CSRT_records_2869-2990.pdf#62|title=Moazzqam Begg v. George W. Bush|date=July 2, 2004|page=62|publisher=United States Department of Defense|access-date=September 24, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071204195321/http://www.dod.mil/pubs/foi/detainees/csrt_arb/publicly_filed_CSRT_records_2869-2990.pdf#62|archive-date=December 4, 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> Although captives shared their cells with dozens of other captives, there were reports in 2006 that they were forbidden to speak with or to look at one another.<ref name="RadioFreeEurope20061005">{{Cite news|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/1071811.html|title=Afghanistan: Kabul Seeks Release Of More Bagram Detainees|last=Synovitz|first=Ron|date=October 5, 2006|access-date=April 27, 2007|publisher=Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty}}</ref>

During an interview on ''Now on PBS'', Chris Hogan, a former interrogator at Bagram, described the prisoners' cells as they were in early 2002:<ref name="NowPbs20060728">{{cite news|url=https://www.pbs.org/now/shows/230/detention-facilities.html|title=Interview: Chris Hogan on U.S. Detention Facilities|date=July 28, 2006|work=Now on PBS|access-date=September 24, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310143719/http://www.pbs.org/now/shows/230/detention-facilities.html|archive-date=March 10, 2007}}</ref>

{{Blockquote|I can't speak to what the conditions may be like now. But in my tenure, the prison population lived in an abandoned Soviet warehouse. The warehouse had a cement floor and it was a huge square-footage area.

On the floor of that, what must have been some sort of an airplane hangar, six prison cages were erected, which were divided by concertina wire ... Those prison cages had a wooden floor, a platform built above the cement floor of the hangar. Each prisoner had a bunch of blankets, a small mat, and in the back of each one of those cages was a makeshift toilet, the same type of toilet that the soldiers used, which was a 50-gallon drum, halved with diesel fuel put in the bottom of it and a wooden kind of seat to that platform ... It's very similar, incidentally, to the conditions that the soldiers lived in; almost identical.}}

According to an article by Tim Golden, published in the 7 January 2008 issue of ''The New York Times'', captives in the Bagram facility continued to be housed in large communal pens.<ref name="NYTimes20080107">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/07/world/asia/07bagram.html|title=Defying U.S. Plan, Prison Expands in Afghanistan|last=Golden|first=Tim|date=January 7, 2008|work=The New York Times|access-date=January 7, 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130130174941/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/07/world/asia/07bagram.html?_r=0|archive-date=January 30, 2013|author-link=Tim Golden (journalist)|url-access=limited}}</ref>

The original temporary facilities of 2001 were replaced by permanent facilities completed in September 2009.<ref name="TheNation2009-11-16"> {{Cite news|url=https://www.nation.com.pk/16-Nov-2009/new-us-afghan-prison-unveiled|title=New US Afghan prison unveiled|date=November 16, 2009|work=The Nation|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20091116102837/http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/print/Politics/16-Nov-2009/New-US-Afghan-prison-unveiled|archive-date=November 16, 2009|agency=Reuters}}</ref> According to Reuters'','' transfer of the 700 captives at the time to the new facilities was to begin in late November 2009, for completion by the calendar year end. Brigadier General Mark Martins, Bagram's commandant, told reporters that the facility had always met international and domestic standards.<ref name="TheNation2009-11-16" />

Although the new facility was near the previous facility, DoD sources occasionally referred to it as the Parwan facility, rather than Bagram.<ref name="Afps-2010-08-06"> {{cite news|url=http://www.defense.gov/News/NewsArticle.aspx?ID=103004|title=Task Force Ensures Fair Detainee Treatment, Commander Says|last=Daniel|first=Lisa|date=August 6, 2010|access-date=August 12, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130713190757/http://www.defense.gov/News/NewsArticle.aspx?ID=103004|archive-date=July 13, 2013|publisher=American Forces Press Service|quote=For those transferred to the detention center at Parwan, a detainee review board must be held within 60 days, and every 60 days thereafter, to determine whether the person still poses a threat that warrants continued detention.}} </ref>

On December 11, 2014, U.S. Armed Forces transferred the facility to the Afghan government.{{Citation needed|date=January 2020}}

==Torture and prisoner abuse== {{Main|Bagram torture and prisoner abuse}} At least two deaths were verified in the last decade{{when|date=December 2018}}: captives were known to have been beaten to death by GIs staffing the facility in December 2002.<ref name=DoD20041014>{{Cite press release|url=http://www4.army.mil/ocpa/read.php?story_id_key=6450|title=Army completes investigations of deaths at Bagram and forwards to respective commanders for action|publisher=United States Department of Defense|date=October 14, 2004|access-date=September 24, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071224110128/http://www4.army.mil/ocpa/read.php?story_id_key=6450|archive-date=December 24, 2007}}</ref>

Captives confined to both Bagram and the Guantanamo Bay detention camp recounted that, while in Bagram, they were warned that if they did not cooperate more fully, they would be sent to a worse site in Cuba.<ref name="CsrtAbdullahKhan1">[{{DoD detainees ARB|Set_52_3643-3869.pdf}} Allegations and response], from Abdullah Mohammad Khan's Combatant Status Review Tribunal – pages 59–63. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161011035931/http://www.dod.mil/pubs/foi/Reading_Room/Detainee_Related/Set_52_3643-3869.pdf Archived] from the original on October 11, 2016. </ref><ref name="CsrtAbdullahKhan2">[{{DoD detainees ARB|Set_52_3643-3869.pdf}} Summarized transcripts], from Abdullah Mohammad Khan's Combatant Status Review Tribunal – pages 14–20. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170311133741/http://www.dod.mil/pubs/foi/Reading_Room/Detainee_Related/Set_52_3643-3869.pdf Archived] from the original on March 11, 2017.</ref> Captives compared the two camps said that conditions were far worse in Bagram.<ref name="NyTimes050520">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/20/international/asia/20abuse.html|title=In U.S. Report, Brutal Details of 2 Afghan Inmates' Deaths|last=Golden|first=Tim|date=May 20, 2005|work=The New York Times|access-date=March 27, 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120906002605/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/20/international/asia/20abuse.html?_r=1|archive-date=September 6, 2012|author-link=Tim Golden (journalist)}}</ref>

In May 2010, nine Afghan former detainees reported to the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) that they had been held in a separate facility (known as the black jail) where they had been subject to isolation in cold cells, sleep deprivation, and other forms of torture. The U.S. military denied the existence of a separate facility for detainees.<ref name="BBC20100511Andersson" />

In early 2012, Afghan president Hamid Karzai ordered that control of the Parwan Detention Facility be handed over to Afghan authorities after some inmates complained of being strip-searched and put in solitary confinement.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://news.yahoo.com/karzai-demands-us-hand-over-bagram-prison-133056568.html|title=Karzai demands US hand over Bagram prison|last=Lekic|first=Slobodan|date=January 5, 2012|work=Yahoo! News|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130405205434/https://news.yahoo.com/karzai-demands-us-hand-over-bagram-prison-133056568.html|archive-date=April 5, 2013|agency=Associated Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theage.com.au/world/karzai-demands-us-hand-over-prison-to-afghans-20120106-1pohr.html|title=Karzai demands US hand over prison to Afghans|last1=Boone|first1=Jon|date=January 7, 2012|work=The Age|access-date=July 24, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200116003920/https://www.theage.com.au/world/karzai-demands-us-hand-over-prison-to-afghans-20120106-1pohr.html|archive-date=January 16, 2020|last2=Kabul}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/war-zones/karzai-demands-transfer-of-us-military-prison-to-afghan-control/2012/01/05/gIQAm5b9cP_story.html|title=Karzai demands transfer of U.S. military prison near Bagram to Afghan control|last=Sieff|first=Keivn|date=January 5, 2012|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=July 24, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140902084241/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/war-zones/karzai-demands-transfer-of-us-military-prison-to-afghan-control/2012/01/05/gIQAm5b9cP_story.html|archive-date=September 2, 2014|url-access=limited}}</ref>

==High profile escapes== When the GIs implicated in the December 2002 homicides were about to face court martial, four prisoners escaped from Bagram. At least one of these was a prosecution witness, and was thus unable to testify.<ref name="Bbc20070227"/><ref name="rferl">{{Cite news|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/1059859.html|title=Afghanistan: Manhunt Continues For Four Suspected Al-Qaeda Fighters|last=Synovitz|first=Ron|date=July 12, 2005|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200116003754/https://www.rferl.org/a/1059859.html|archive-date=January 16, 2020|publisher=Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty}} </ref>

==Legal status of detainees== The George W. Bush administration avoided the label "prisoner of war" when discussing the prisoners held at Bagram, preferring to immediately classify them as "unlawful enemy combatants". This way, the administration argued, it was not necessary under the Geneva Conventions to have a competent tribunal determine their classification. (In previous conflicts such as the Vietnam War, Army Regulation 190-8 Tribunals determined the status of prisoners of war.)

The administration also argued initially that the detainees could not access the U.S. legal system. However, the United States Supreme Court's ruling in ''Rasul v. Bush'' confirmed that captives in U.S. jurisdiction did indeed have the right to access U.S. courts. ''Rasul v. Bush'' determined that the Executive Branch lacked the authority, under the United States Constitution, to suspend the right for detainees to submit writs of ''habeas corpus''.

The Supreme Court's ruling in ''Rasul v. Bush'' also resulted in establishing Combatant Status Review Tribunals to review and confirm the information that initially led each captive to be classified as an enemy combatant. The Department of Defense (DoD) convened these tribunals for every captive in Guantanamo Bay, but did not apply the rule to Bagram. The most recently reported legal process governing the status of Bagram captives was the Enemy Combatant Review Board, described by Eliza Griswold in ''The New Republic'':

{{Blockquote|Prisoners don't even have the limited access to lawyers available to prisoners in Guantánamo. Nor do they have the right to Combatant Status Review Tribunals, which Guantánamo detainees won in the 2004 Supreme Court ruling in ''Hamdi v. Rumsfeld.'' Instead, if a combat commander chooses, he can convene an Enemy Combatant Review Board (ECRB), at which the detainee has no right to a personal advocate, no chance to speak in his own defense, and no opportunity to review the evidence against him. The detainee isn't even allowed to attend. And, thanks to such limited access to justice, many former detainees say they have no idea why they were either detained or released.}}

On February 20, 2009, the Department of Justice under President Barack Obama announced it would continue the policy that detainees in Afghanistan could not challenge their detention in U.S. courts.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/obama-administration-backs-bush-grants-no-rights-to-bagram-prisoners-1.860853|title=Obama administration backs Bush, grants no rights to Bagram prisoners|date=February 20, 2009|access-date=January 22, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202005350/https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/obama-administration-backs-bush-grants-no-rights-to-bagram-prisoners-1.860853|archive-date=February 2, 2017|publisher=CBC News|agency=Associated Press}}</ref>

On April 2, 2009, U.S. District Judge John D. Bates ruled that those Bagram captives who had been transferred from outside Afghanistan could use ''habeas corpus''.<ref name="Bbc2009-04-02">{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7979885.stm|title=Foreign detainees 'have US right'|date=April 2, 2009|access-date=April 2, 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320063342/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7979885.stm|archive-date=March 20, 2017|work=BBC News}}</ref> Ramzi Kassem, the lawyer for one of the men, stated:<ref name="Bbc2009-04-02" />

{{blockquote|Today, a U.S. federal judge ruled that our government cannot simply kidnap people and hold them beyond the law.}}

The Obama administration appealed the ruling. A former Guantanamo Bay defense attorney, Neal Katyal, led the government's case.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=112861671|title=Rights Groups Decry U.S. Stand on Bagram Detainees|author=Shapiro|first=Ari|date=September 15, 2009|work=All Things Considered|access-date=March 8, 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170501220424/https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=112861671|archive-date=May 1, 2017|publisher=National Public Radio|author-link=Ari Shapiro}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.politico.com/blogs/joshgerstein/0110/A_Gitmo_bar_turncoat.html|title=A Gitmo bar turncoat?|author=Gerstein|first=Josh|date=January 5, 2010|work=Politico|access-date=March 8, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160530005816/http://www.politico.com/blogs/under-the-radar/2010/01/a-gitmo-bar-turncoat-023884|archive-date=May 30, 2016}}</ref> The decision was reversed on May 21, 2010, the appeals court unanimously ruling that Bagram detainees lacked the right to ''habeas corpus'' hearings.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/22/world/asia/22detain.html|title=Detainees Barred From Access to U.S. Courts|author=Savage|first=Charlie|date=May 21, 2010|work=The New York Times|access-date=May 22, 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827055332/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/22/world/asia/22detain.html|archive-date=August 27, 2017|author-link=Charlie Savage (author)|url-access=limited}}</ref>

{{Blockquote|There is a reason we have never allowed enemy prisoners detained overseas in an active war zone to sue in federal court for their release. It simply makes no sense and would be the ultimate act of turning the war into a crime.|Senator Lindsey Graham}}

==Captives access to video link== On January 15, 2008, the ICRC and the U.S. military set up a pilot project to let certain well-behaved prisoners not in solitary confinement in Bagram to communicate with visitors over a video link.<ref name="IcrcVideoLink20080115">{{Cite news|url=http://southasia.oneworld.net/article/view/156921/1/1893|title=Visual chat facility for Afghan prisoners|date=January 15, 2008|access-date=January 17, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118200650/http://southasia.oneworld.net/article/view/156921/1/1893|archive-date=January 18, 2008|publisher=Integrated Regional Information Networks|via=OneWorld.net}}</ref> The ICRC was to provide captives' families with a subsidy to cover their travel expenses to the video-link's studio at the ICRC office in Kabul, from where video-calls to the US military facility in Bagram could be made via a "dedicated wireless-link setup".{{Update inline|date=January 2020|reason=}}

==General Douglas Stone's report on the Bagram captives== In August 2009, a general in the United States Marine Corps Reserve filed a 700-page report on the Bagram internment facility and its captives.<ref name="NPR2009-08-20">{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=112051193|title=U.S. Gen. Urges Release of Bagram's Detainees|author=Tom Bowman, Steve Inskeep and Renee Montagne|first1=Tom|date=August 20, 2009|work=Morning Edition|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090822115925/http://washingtonindependent.com/55715/u-s-general-admits-most-bagram-detainees-should-be-released|archive-date=August 22, 2009|publisher=National Public Radio|last2=Inskeep|first2=Steve|last3=Montagne|first3=Renee}}</ref><ref name="WashingtonIndepedent2009-08-20">{{Cite news|url=http://washingtonindependent.com/55715/u-s-general-admits-most-bagram-detainees-should-be-released|title=U.S. General: Most Bagram Detainees Should Be Released|author=Eviatar|first=Daphne|date=August 20, 2009|work=The Washington Independent|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090822115925/http://washingtonindependent.com/55715/u-s-general-admits-most-bagram-detainees-should-be-released|archive-date=August 22, 2009}}</ref> According to senior officials who had been briefed by Major General Douglas Stone, he reported,

<blockquote>up to 400 of the 600 prisoners at the U.S.-run prison at the Bagram Air Base in Afghanistan have done nothing wrong and should be released.</blockquote>

According to Daphne Eviatar, writing in the ''Washington Independent'', Stone recommended that the U.S. should try to rehabilitate any genuine enemies it holds, rather than simply imprison them.

==General Stanley McChrystal's assessment== According to Chris Sands, writing in ''The National'', General Stanley McChrystal wrote in a leaked report:

<blockquote>Committed Islamists are indiscriminately mixed with petty criminals and sex offenders, and they are using the opportunity to radicalise and indoctrinate them ... hundreds are held without charge or without a defined way ahead.<ref name="TheNational2009-10-15"> {{Cite news|url=http://www.thenational.ae/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20091015/FOREIGN/710149840/1135|title=Prisons' legacy haunts Afghanistan|author=Sands|first=Chris|date=October 15, 2009|work=The National|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531171946/http://www.thenational.ae/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20091015/FOREIGN/710149840/1135|archive-date=May 31, 2011}}</ref></blockquote>

According to ''The Guardian'', McChrystal wrote:<ref name="TheGuardian2009-10">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/oct/14/afghanistan-prisoners-radicalise-insurgents|title=US to tackle breeding ground for insurgents in Afghan jails: Ex-Taliban officials advise taskforce on ways to de-radicalise inmates and reform prisons|author=Boone|first=Jon|date=October 14, 2009|work=The Guardian|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928202758/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/oct/14/afghanistan-prisoners-radicalise-insurgents|archive-date=September 28, 2018}}</ref>

<blockquote>There are more insurgents per square foot in corrections facilities than anywhere else in Afghanistan. Unchecked, Taliban/al-Qaida leaders patiently co-ordinate and plan, unconcerned with interference from prison personnel or the military.</blockquote>

==Detainees== {{main|Detainees held in the Bagram Theater Internment Facility}} According to Tim Golden of ''The New York Times'', in 2008, the number of people held in Bagram had doubled since 2004, while the number of people held in Guantanamo had been halved.<ref name="NYTimes20080107"/>

A graphic published to accompany Golden's article showed approximately 300 captives in Bagram, and approximately 600 in Guantanamo, in May 2004, and showed the reverse in December 2007.<ref name="NYTimesBagramGraphic20080107">{{Cite news|url=http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2008/01/06/world/07bagram.graph.190.jpg |title=Where the Detainees Have Been Held|author=Golden|first=Tim|date=January 7, 2008|work=The New York Times|access-date=January 7, 2008|author-link=Tim Golden (journalist)}}</ref>

On August 23, 2009, the United States Department of Defense reversed its policy on revealing the names of its captives in Afghanistan and Iraq, including at the Bagram Theater Internment Facility<ref name="NYTimes2009-08-23">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/23/world/middleeast/23detain.html|title=U.S. Shifts, Giving Detainee Names to the Red Cross|author=Schmitt|first=Eric|date=August 22, 2009|work=The New York Times|access-date=August 23, 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190718043346/https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/23/world/middleeast/23detain.html|archive-date=July 18, 2019|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="WAToday2009-08-23">{{Cite news|url=https://www.watoday.com.au/world/us-backdown-on-secret-suspects-in-camps-20090824-evkc.html|title=US backdown on secret suspects in camps|author=Miller|first=Greg|date=August 23, 2009|work=WAtoday|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814114615/https://www.watoday.com.au/world/us-backdown-on-secret-suspects-in-camps-20090824-evkc.html|archive-date=August 14, 2018}}</ref> and announced that their names would be released to the ICRC. In January 2010, the names of 645 detainees were released. This list was prompted by a Freedom of Information Act lawsuit filed in September 2009 by the American Civil Liberties Union, whose lawyers had also demanded detailed information about conditions, rules and regulations.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/17/world/asia/17afghan.html|title=Bagram Detainees Named by U.S.|last1=Rubin|first1=Alissa J.|date=January 16, 2010|work=The New York Times|access-date=July 24, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190629062424/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/17/world/asia/17afghan.html|archive-date=June 29, 2019|last2=Rahimi|first2=Sangar|author-link=Alissa J. Rubin|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8462894.stm|title=US releases names of prisoners at Bagram, Afghanistan|date=January 16, 2010|access-date=July 24, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190613080956/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8462894.stm|archive-date=June 13, 2019|work=BBC News}}</ref>

The number of people imprisoned sharply increased under the Obama administration, reaching 1,700 in June 2011.<ref name="salon1"/>

==Reports of new Bagram review boards== On September 12, 2009, it was widely reported that unnamed officials told Eric Schmitt of ''The New York Times'' that the Obama administration was going to introduce new procedures to allow captives held in Bagram, and elsewhere in Afghanistan, to have their detention reviewed.<ref name="NYTimes2009-09-12">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/13/world/asia/13detain.html|title=U.S. to Expand Review of Detainees in Afghan Prison|author=Schmitt|first=Eric|date=September 12, 2009|work=The New York Times|access-date=September 12, 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705162106/https://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/13/world/asia/13detain.html|archive-date=July 5, 2017|author-link=Eric Schmitt (journalist)|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Bbc2009-09-13">{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8253023.stm|title=US plans Afghan prisoner overhaul|date=September 13, 2009|access-date=September 13, 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003005858/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8253023.stm|archive-date=October 3, 2018|work=BBC News}}</ref><ref name="WashingtonPost2009-09-13">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/09/12/AR2009091202798.html|title=U.S. Gives New Rights To Afghan Prisoners Indefinite Detention Can Be Challenged|author=DeYoung|first1=Karen|date=September 13, 2009|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=September 13, 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719111030/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/09/12/AR2009091202798.html|archive-date=July 19, 2019|last2=Finn|first2=Peter|author-link1=Karen DeYoung}}</ref><ref name="Politico2009-09-12">{{Cite news|url=http://www.politico.com/blogs/joshgerstein/0909/Pentagon_debuts_new_process_for_Bagram_prisoners.html|title=Pentagon debuts new process for Bagram prisoners|author=Gerstein|first=Josh|date=September 12, 2009|work=Politico|access-date=September 12, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120926182158/http://www.politico.com/blogs/joshgerstein/0909/Pentagon_debuts_new_process_for_Bagram_prisoners.html|archive-date=September 26, 2012}}</ref><ref name="Reuters2009-09-12">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSB428763|title=Obama to change policy on detainees at Afghan base-NYT|date=September 12, 2009|access-date=September 12, 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403203608/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSB428763|archive-date=April 3, 2019|work=Reuters}}</ref> Tina Foster, director of the International Justice Network, and a lawyer who represents four Bagram captives, was critical of the new rules:

{{blockquote|These sound almost exactly like the rules the Bush Administration crafted for Guanatmamo that were struck down by the Supreme Court or at least found to be an inadequate substitute for judicial review. They're adopting this thing that [former Vice President] Cheney and his lot dreamt up out of whole cloth. To adopt Gitmo-like procedures seems to me like sliding in the wrong direction.}}

According to Radio Free Europe, Amnesty International's Asia-Pacific director, Sam Zia Zarifi, paraphrasing Major General Douglas M. Stone's report on the US's detentions in Afghanistan: "pointed out that the lack of a legal structure for Bagram means that it is undermining the rule of law in Afghanistan and it has caused a lot of resentment among Afghans."<ref name="Rfe2009-09-14"> {{Cite news|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/New_US_Plan_Reportedly_To_Let_Afghan_Prisoners_Challenge_Incarceration/1822216.html|title=New U.S. Plan Reportedly To Let Afghan Prisoners Challenge Incarceration|author=Synovitz|first=Ron|date=September 14, 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090917023731/http://www.rferl.org/content/New_US_Plan_Reportedly_To_Let_Afghan_Prisoners_Challenge_Incarceration/1822216.html|archive-date=September 17, 2009|publisher=Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty}}</ref>

==US handover of Bagram prison to the Afghan government==

=== Memorandum of Understanding for the transfer of control === A Memorandum of Understanding to transfer control of the Parwan Detention Facility<ref name="Bagram Memorandum">{{cite web|author=Kate Clark|author-link=Kate Clark (journalist)|title=The Bagram Memorandum: Handing over 'the Other Guantanamo'|url=http://aan-afghanistan.com/index.asp?id=2619|work=The Afghanistan Analysts Network|publisher=The Afghanistan Analysts Network|access-date=April 30, 2012|date=March 21, 2012|archive-date=April 8, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130408090842/http://aan-afghanistan.com/index.asp?id=2619|url-status=live}}</ref> from the U.S. to Afghanistan was signed on March 9, 2012.<ref name="New York Times 2012-03-09">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/10/world/asia/us-and-afghanistan-agree-on-detainee-transfer.html|title=U.S. and Afghanistan Agree on Prisoner Transfer as Part of Long-Term Agreement|author=Nordland|first=Rod|date=March 9, 2012|work=The New York Times|access-date=April 12, 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170614053917/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/10/world/asia/us-and-afghanistan-agree-on-detainee-transfer.html|archive-date=June 14, 2017|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Reuters 2012-03-09">{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-afghanistan-usa-prisoners-idUSBRE8280BU20120309|title=Afghanistan and U.S. sign prison transfer deal|author=Harooni|first=Mirwais|date=March 9, 2012|access-date=April 12, 2012|work=Reuters}}</ref><ref name="Al Jazeera 2012-03-10">{{cite news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2012/03/201239161540182861.html|title=Afghanistan and US sign prison transfer deal|date=March 10, 2012|access-date=April 12, 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171006211652/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2012/03/201239161540182861.html|archive-date=October 6, 2017|publisher=Al Jazeera English}}</ref> According to Al Jazeera, the agreement: "will put an Afghan general in charge of Parwan [...] within days, [...] but will also give a six-month window to gradually transfer detainees to Afghan oversight. According to the document, the U.S. will continue to provide logistical support for 12 months and a joint US-Afghan commission will decide on any detainee releases until a more permanent pact is adopted."<ref name="Al Jazeera 2012-03-10" /> The memorandum of understanding also shifted responsibility for all U.S. detention facilities in the country to Afghanistan.<ref name="Bagram Memorandum" /><ref name="NYT20120422">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/23/world/asia/us-and-afghanistan-reach-partnership-agreement.html|title=With Pact, U.S. Agrees to Help Afghans for Years to Come|last1=Rubin|first1=Alissa J.|date=April 22, 2012|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=April 22, 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200116023038/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/23/world/asia/us-and-afghanistan-reach-partnership-agreement.html|archive-date=January 16, 2020|last2=Bowley|first2=Graham|last3=Cooper|first3=Helene|last4=Myers|first4=Steven Lee|author-link=Alissa J. Rubin|author-link3=Helene Cooper|url-access=limited}}</ref> A further clause provides for a committee, made up of the Afghan defense minister and the commander of the American military in Afghanistan, to decide jointly on releases.<ref name="NYT20120330">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/31/world/asia/in-afghanistan-as-bagram-detainees-are-transferred-united-states-keeps-its-grip.html?pagewanted=all|title=Detainees Are Handed Over to Afghans, but Not Out of Americans' Reach|last=Nordland|first=Rob|date=May 30, 2012|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=September 13, 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200116023424/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/31/world/asia/in-afghanistan-as-bagram-detainees-are-transferred-united-states-keeps-its-grip.html|archive-date=January 16, 2020|url-access=limited}}</ref>

=== Transferal ceremony === The U.S. military handed control of the prison on September 10, 2012,<ref name="BBCNews20120910">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-19539412|title=Afghanistan: US hands over controversial Bagram jail|date=September 10, 2012|access-date=September 13, 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403190517/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-19539412|archive-date=April 3, 2019|work=BBC News}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=In pictures: Afghan Bagram prison handover|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-19548497|publisher=BBC News Asia|access-date=September 13, 2012|date=September 10, 2012}}</ref><ref name="AlJaz20120910">{{cite news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/09/201291094118439921.html|title=US transfers Bagram jail to Afghans|date=September 10, 2012|access-date=September 13, 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801033102/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/09/201291094118439921.html|archive-date=August 1, 2018|publisher=Al Jazeera English}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390443921504577643581611097586|title=The Afghan Detainee Fiasco|date=September 10, 2012|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=September 13, 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200116024308/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390443921504577643581611097586|archive-date=January 16, 2020|url-access=subscription}}</ref> at which 16 prisoners, all wearing matching gray sweaters, were released.<ref name="APHP20120910" /><ref name="BBCNews20120910" /><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-09-10/us-begins-handing-over-bagram-prison-to-afghan-authorities/4253368|title=US hands over notorious jail to Afghan officials|last=Edwards|first=Michael|date=September 11, 2012|access-date=September 13, 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305145548/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-09-10/us-begins-handing-over-bagram-prison-to-afghan-authorities/4253368|archive-date=March 5, 2016|work=ABC News}}</ref> Army Col. Robert M. Taradash, who had overseen the prison, represented coalition forces.<ref name="WP20120910" /> "We transferred more than 3,000 Afghan detainees into your custody ... and ensured that those who would threaten the partnership of Afghanistan and coalition forces will not return to the battlefield," said Col. Robert Taradash, the only U.S. official at the ceremony.<ref name="BBCNews20120910" /> "Our Afghan security forces are well trained and we are happy that today they are exercising their capability in taking the responsibility of prisoners independently and guarding the prisoners," said acting Defence Minister Enayatullah Nazari.<ref name="BBCNews20120910" /> "We are taking the responsibility from foreign forces."<ref name="BBCNews20120910" /> "Now, the Bagram prison is converted to one of Afghanistan's regular prisons where the innocents will be freed and the rest of the prisoners will be sentenced according to the laws of Afghanistan," a statement by Afghan President Hamid Karzai said, who did not attend the ceremony.<ref name="APHP20120910" /><ref name="WP20120910">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/us-transfers-prison-control-to-afghan-officials/2012/09/10/7edf7496-fb17-11e1-875c-4c21cd68f653_story.html|title=U.S. transfers control of Bagram prison to Afghan officials|last=Leiby|first=Richard|date=September 10, 2012|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=September 13, 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130205204330/http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/us-transfers-prison-control-to-afghan-officials/2012/09/10/7edf7496-fb17-11e1-875c-4c21cd68f653_story.html|archive-date=February 5, 2013|url-access=limited}}</ref>

===Prisoner transfer=== Since the Memorandum's signing the U.S. had transferred 3,182 detainees<ref name="AlJaz20120910" /> to Afghan control according to Afghan Army General Ghulam Farouk.<ref name="APHP20120910" /> "Some 99 percent of the detainees captured before 9 March have already been transferred to Afghan authority, but we have paused the transfer of the remaining detainees until our concerns are met," said Jamie Graybeal, a spokesman for the U.S.-led military coalition.<ref name="APHP20120910" /><ref name="WP20120910" /> "There are concerns on the U.S. side about division in the Afghan government over internment and that it is not constitutional," said Rachel Reid, a senior policy adviser on Afghanistan for the Open Society Foundations. "The basic concern is that if they don't have internment, they will be released."<ref name="APHP20120910" /> On the flip side of the legal issue, some Afghan legal experts are worried about Afghan officials abusing any authority to hold detainees without trial. "Consider the fact that even our regular laws are ignored by powerful people," said Abdul Qawi Afzali of the Legal Aid Organization Afghanistan. "What will happen when you give them the actual, legal power to detain people like this law does?"<ref name="APHP20120910" />

===Delays and prisoner transfer concerns=== The U.S. refused to hand over hundreds of detainees that they thought might be immediately released.<ref name="APHP20120910">{{cite news|last=Riechman|first=Deb|title=U.S. Completes Formal Handover of Bagram Prison To Afghans|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/10/us-hands-over-bagram-prison-afghanistan_n_1869671.html|agency=Associated Press|work=The Huffington Post|access-date=September 13, 2012|date=September 10, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120913225753/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/10/us-hands-over-bagram-prison-afghanistan_n_1869671.html|archive-date=September 13, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="BBCNews20120910" /> An editorial in ''Hasht-e Sobh'' newspaper noted: "The government has not had a good track record in maintaining inmates and prisons in recent years ... The government has repeatedly called the Taliban their brothers and Taliban fighters detained on suicide-attack charges have been repeatedly released without trial."<ref name="BBCNewsAfghanPundits20120910">{{cite news|title=Afghan pundits question Bagram prison deal|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-19544118|publisher=BBC News Asia|access-date=September 13, 2012|date=September 10, 2012}}</ref>

On November 18, 2012, Afghanistan's president Karzai accused US forces of continuing to capture and detain Afghans in violation of the handover agreement signed earlier in 2012. Karzai decried the continued arrest of Afghans by US forces and said some detainees were still being held by US troops even though Afghan judges have ruled that they should be released.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2012/11/201211199249909232.html|title=Karzai accuses US of violating detainee pact|date=November 19, 2012|access-date=December 26, 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181218010636/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2012/11/201211199249909232.html|archive-date=December 18, 2018|publisher=Al Jazeera English}}</ref> During a meeting with Afghan President Karzai on January 11, 2013, U.S. President Obama and his counterpart agreed that the U.S. would hand over full control of Afghan prisoners and prisons to Afghanistan,<ref name="CNN20130112">{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2013/01/11/us/obama-karzai-meeting/|title=Obama, Karzai agree to accelerate military transition|date=January 12, 2013|access-date=January 12, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200116011524/https://edition.cnn.com/2013/01/11/us/obama-karzai-meeting/|archive-date=January 16, 2020|publisher=CNN}}</ref><ref name="BBC20130111">{{cite news|title=US troops will end 'most' Afghanistan combat this spring|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-20993047|publisher=BBC News US & Canada|access-date=January 12, 2013|date=January 11, 2012}}</ref>

===Formal handover=== On March 25, 2013, the formal hand-over of the facility was made public. In a statement it was said that the hand-over followed after a week of negotiations between US and Afghan officials "which includes assurances that inmates who "pose a danger" to Afghans and international forces will continue to be detained under Afghan law."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2013/03/201332534437116216.html|title=US hands over Bagram prison to Afghanistan|date=March 25, 2013|access-date=March 25, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606081423/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2013/03/201332534437116216.html|archive-date=June 6, 2017|publisher=Al Jazeera English}}</ref>

===Remaining prisoners=== When the US relinquished control of the prison, now called Parwan Detention Facility, to Afghan security forces in December 2014, Washington renounced responsibility for the six remaining former US prisoners held there, according to Jenifer Fenton.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/3/16/how-obama-handed-afghanistan-a-prisoner-dilemma.html|title=How Obama handed Afghanistan a prisoner dilemma|last=Fenton|first=Jenifer|date=March 16, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225075749/https://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/3/16/how-obama-handed-afghanistan-a-prisoner-dilemma.html|archive-date=February 25, 2016|publisher=Al Jazeera America}}</ref>

The six men—two Tunisians, two Tajiks, an Uzbek and an Egyptian, whose identities have been confirmed by the Pentagon—included Redha al-Najar of Tunisia. He had the distinction of being the first CIA prisoner held at an Afghanistan facility called detention site Cobalt—notorious in U.S. security circles as “the Salt Pit.” The Tunisians were repatriated. One Tajik man, Said Jamaluddin, Internment Serial Number 4057, was repatriated from Afghanistan to Tajikistan, where he faces almost-certain ill-treatment, according to legal advocates from the Allard K. Lowenstein International Human Rights Clinic at Yale Law School, who are working on his behalf. The clinic believes his brother Abdul Fatah, ISN 4058, was also forcibly sent back.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/happened-prisoners-bagram-afghanistans-guantanamo-190210222540759.html|title=What happened to prisoners at Bagram, 'Afghanistan's Guantanamo'?|last=Fenton|first=Jenifer|date=February 11, 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320015041/https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/happened-prisoners-bagram-afghanistans-guantanamo-190210222540759.html|archive-date=March 20, 2019|publisher=Al Jazeera English}}</ref>

==Taliban takeover== Following the US withdrawal, the Taliban swept into the prison and freed thousands of prisoners, including senior Al-Qaeda and Taliban figures from the prison complex.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Guttenfelder |first1=David |last2=Zucchino |first2=David |date=21 December 2021 |title=At an Abandoned American Base, a Notorious Prison Lies Empty |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/21/world/asia/afghanistan-taliban-bagram-prison.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250707100828/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/21/world/asia/afghanistan-taliban-bagram-prison.html |archive-date=7 July 2025 |access-date=24 July 2025 |website=The New York Times |url-access=registration }}</ref>

==See also== *Ameen Mohammad Albakri *List of prisons in Afghanistan *Joint Task Force 435 *Task Force 373, who captured many of the prisoners

==References== {{Reflist|refs=

<ref name="salon1"> {{cite news|url=https://www.salon.com/2011/06/04/bagram_obama_gitmo/|title=The Gitmo no one talks about|work=Salon|last=Elliott|first=Justin|date=June 4, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103073633/http://www.salon.com/2011/06/04/bagram_obama_gitmo/|archive-date=November 3, 2012|access-date=May 26, 2017|url-status=live|quote=There are currently more than 1,700 detainees at Bagram, up from over 600 at the end of the Bush administration.}} </ref>

<ref name="BBC20100511Andersson"> {{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8674179.stm|title=Red Cross confirms 'second jail' at Bagram, Afghanistan|work=BBC News|last=Andersson|first=Hilary|date=May 11, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111103010514/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8674179.stm|archive-date=November 3, 2011|access-date=May 26, 2017|url-status=live|quote=Nine former prisoners have told the BBC that they were held in a separate building, and subjected to abuse.}} </ref>

}}

==External links== {{Commons category}} {{Wikisource|Ghulam Mohammed v. Don Rumsfeld}} *[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8116046.stm Allegations of abuse and neglect at a US detention facility in Afghanistan - BBC video] *{{Cite news|url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,650242,00.html|first1=Matthias|date=September 21, 2009|title=Prisoner Abuse Continues at Bagram Prison in Afghanistan|author=Gebauer|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130106124156/http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/the-forgotten-guantanamo-prisoner-abuse-continues-at-bagram-prison-in-afghanistan-a-650242.html|archive-date=January 6, 2013|publisher=Der Spiegel|last2=Goetz|first2=John|last3=Sandberg|first3=Britta|url-status=dead|access-date=November 19, 2009}} *{{Cite news|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/1071811.html|first=Ron|date=October 5, 2006|title=Afghanistan: Kabul Seeks Release Of More Bagram Detainees|author=Synovitz|publisher=Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty|access-date=September 24, 2007}} *Human Rights First; [https://web.archive.org/web/20100414211437/http://www.humanrightsfirst.info/pdf/USLS-080409-arbitrary-justice-report.pdf Arbitrary Justice: Trial of Guantánamo and Bagram Detainees in Afghanistan (April 2008)] *Human Rights First; [https://web.archive.org/web/20101224123455/http://www.humanrightsfirst.info/pdf/HRF-Undue-Process-Afghanistan-web.pdf Undue Process: An Examination of Detention and Trials of Bagram Detainees in Afghanistan in April 2009 (November 2009)] *{{Cite news|url=http://www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/JA16Df02.html|title=Bagram: The other Gitmo|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322043555/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/JA16Df02.html|archive-date=March 22, 2012|publisher=Asia Times|author=Fisher|first=William|date=January 16, 2008|access-date=January 22, 2008|url-status=unfit}} *{{Cite news|url=http://www.sundayherald.com/international/shinternational/display.var.2356730.0.0.phpar|title=US military deny that new prison is planned as 'Guantanamo Two'|last1=Gardesh|last2=MacKenzie|first2=Jean|first1=Hafizullah|date=June 21, 2008|work=Sunday Herald|access-date=June 21, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313163544/http://www.sundayherald.com/international/shinternational/display.var.2356730.0.0.phpar|archive-date=March 13, 2012}}

Category:Detention centers for extrajudicial prisoners of the United States * Category:Military installations of the United States in Afghanistan Category:United States war crimes in Afghanistan Category:War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) sites Category:Extrajudicial prisons of the United States

Parwan Detention Facility

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