Bacobampo

{{Infobox settlement   |official_name = Bacobampo |image_alt = The town welcome sign of Bacobampo, Etchojoa Sonora , Mexico |other_name = |native_name =  |nickname = |settlement_type = Town |motto =  |image_skyline = Logo-bacobampo.png |imagesize = |image_caption = Monografía de Bacobampo, Etchojoa Sonora |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |city_logo = |citylogo_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Mexico  |pushpin_label_position =  |pushpin_map_caption = |pushpin_mapsize =  |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{MEX}} |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Sonora |subdivision_type2 = Municipality |subdivision_name2 = Etchojoa |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 =  |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title =Mayor |leader_name = |leader_title1 =  |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = Founded |established_date = |established_title2 =  |established_date2 =  |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =  |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 =  |area_land_km2 =  |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi =  |population_as_of = 2010 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 8,539 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title =Municipality |population_blank1 = |population_blank2_title =Demonym |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi =  |timezone = Pacific MST |utc_offset = -7 |timezone_DST = No DST |utc_offset_DST = -7 |coordinates = {{coord|26|59|20|N|109|39|00|W|region:MX|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes =  |elevation_m = |elevation_ft =  |postal_code_type = Postal code  |postal_code = 85287 |area_code = 647 |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Bacobampo''' is a town in Etchojoa Municipality in Sonora, in northwestern Mexico. It is situated on the west bank of the Mayo River,<ref name="que">{{cite news|url=https://www.termometroenlinea.com.mx/vernoticiashistorial.php?artid=5853|title=¿Qué hacer por Bacobampo?|work=Termometro en Línea|date=17 March 2008|access-date=4 March 2021|language=es}}</ref> 20 km north of Huatabampo and 25 km southwest of Navajoa. It is an agricultural town surrounded by fields. Bacobampo is 22 meters above sea level.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Digital Elevation Data - with SRTM voids filled using accurate topographic mapping |url=https://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/dem3.html |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=www.viewfinderpanoramas.org}}</ref>

According to the 2010 INEGI census, the town's population was 8,539 inhabitants,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.microrregiones.gob.mx/catloc/contenido.aspx?refnac=260260011|title=Información de localidad|work=Catálogo de Localidades|publisher=SEDESOL|access-date=4 March 2021|language=es}}</ref> making it the second most populated settlement in the municipality.

==History== The Mayo people have continuously inhabited the valley since pre-Hispanic times. The name Bacobampo comes from the local Mayo language, meaning "Baco" (Snake) + "Bampo" (Water), or "Snake in/near the Water."<ref name="milb">{{cite news|url=https://www.milb.com/news/christian-zazueta-su-momento-decisivo-303066314|title=Christian Zazueta: su momento decisivo|publisher=Minor League Baseball|date=23 January 2019|access-date=4 March 2021|language=es}}</ref> The settlement's original was Cumbrocoa or Cumbrocobe, but it was changed to its current name in 1895 – when the Mayo River dried up, the natives noticed snakes in the puddles left behind.<ref name="unison">{{cite web|url=https://sociologia.unison.mx/docs/publicaciones/cuadernodetrabajo/cuaderno6.pdf|title=LOS CAMPESINOS DEL EJIDO BACOBAMPO N° 3. UNA REFLEXIÓN EN TORNO A SU ASUNCIÓN TEÓRICA AL CAMPESINADO.|work=Cuaderno de Trabajo No. 6|publisher=Universidad de Sonora Sociology Department|first=Abimelec|last=Robles Ibarra|access-date=4 March 2021|language=es}}</ref>

In 1903, the Salido brothers arrived from Álamos and began working the land.<ref name=unison/> Two years later, the settlement classification of Bacobampo was upgraded from ''ranchería'' to ''delegación''.<ref name=unison/> In 1920, the brothers decided to split up their land: Ildefonso and Epifanio got their part in Bacobampo while José María went to {{interlanguage link|Basconcobe|es}}.<ref name=unison/> They found success cultivating wheat, maize, beans, and chickpeas.<ref name="indicios">{{cite magazine|last=Trejo Contreras|first=Zulema|date=June 1999|title=Tras las huellas de un sueño: Bacobampo, de hacienda de los hermanos Salido a ejido colectivo|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299533019|magazine=Indicios|issue=3|access-date=5 March 2021|language=es}}</ref> Bacobampo was then established as a ''comisaría'' on 1 January 1929.<ref name=unison/>

In the 1930s, the federal government invested in the northern border states, building several dams to develop the region's agriculture.<ref>{{cite book |last=Jiménez González|first=Víctor Manuel|date=2010|title=Sonora: Guía para descubrir los encantos del estado|location=Mexico City|publisher=Editorial Océano de Mexico SA de CV|page=40|isbn=978-607-400-319-2|language=es}}</ref> The subsequent agricultural boom caused a population surge in Sonoran towns near these dams, such as Bacobampo and Colonia Irrigación (which would become Villa Juárez).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_sonora|title=Etchojoa|work=Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México|publisher=Secretariat of the Interior|access-date=4 March 2021|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201232501/http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_sonora|archive-date=1 December 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1938, the ''hacienda'' of Bacobampo was redistributed to 802 peasants as a part of President Lázaro Cárdenas's land reform policies, and a collective ejido system was set up.<ref name=unison/><ref name=indicios/> Although the cooperative arrangement seemed to work well at first, the group was divided into "collectivists," who were in favor of continuing to share the profits, and "individualists," who preferred to break away from the group.<ref name=indicios/> Violence broke out, and the problem got so serious that Cárdenas visited the town in June 1939 to restore the peace.<ref name=indicios/>

==Education== There are two middle schools, Lázaro Cárdenas del Río and Gregorio Ahumada,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.elimparcial.com/sonora/sonora/Se-queman-mesabancos-en-escuela-de-Bacobampo-20201130-0013.html|title=Se queman mesabancos en escuela de Bacobampo|work=El Imparcial|first=Jesús|last=Palomares|date=30 November 2020|access-date=4 March 2021|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://bajastar.info/2017/02/17/practican-operacion-mochila-en-secundaria-de-bacobampo/|title=PRACTICAN "OPERACIÓN MOCHILA" EN SECUNDARIA DE BACOBAMPO|work=Baja Star|date=17 February 2017|access-date=4 March 2021|language=es}}</ref> and one high school, CECYTES.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://diariodelyaqui.mx/sonora/condicionan-educacion-en-cecytes-de-bacobampo/40598|title=Condicionan educación en Cecytes de Bacobampo|work=Diario del Yaqui|date=5 November 2020|access-date=4 March 2021|language=es}}</ref>

==Notable people== * Antonio Leyva Duarte, politician and member of the {{ill|LVI Legislature|es|Anexo:LVI Legislatura del Congreso del Estado de Sonora}} of the Congress of Sonora<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.elimparcial.com/sonora/Columnas/Ideas-politicas-20010225-0004.html|title=Ideas políticas|work=El Imparcial|first=Nicolás|last=Pineda|date=25 February 2001|access-date=19 January 2022|language=es}}</ref> * Juan Manuel Verdugo Rosas, politician and member of the LX Legislature of the Chamber of Deputies<ref name=que/> * Christian Zazueta, baseball player and national team member<ref name=milb/>

==References== {{reflist}}

Category:Populated places in Sonora