{{Short description|Genus of lichens}} {{bots|deny=Citation bot}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Bacidina californica 244393.jpg | image_caption = ''Bacidina californica'', magnified 30X | taxon = Bacidina | authority = Vězda (1991) | type_species = ''Bacidina phacodes'' | type_species_authority = (Körb.) Vězda (1991) | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text }}
'''''Bacidina''''' is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Ramalinaceae.<ref name="Wijayawardene et al. 2020"/>
==Taxonomy==
The genus was circumscribed by Czech lichenologist Antonín Vězda in 1990, with ''Bacidina phacodes'' assigned as the type species. Vězda included 11 species in ''Bacidina'', which was originally classified in the Lecideaceae. These species had previously been placed in genus ''Bacidia''.<ref name="Vězda 1990"/>
==Description==
''Bacidina'' species are crustose lichens, forming thin, often inconspicuous thalli that may be smooth, cracked, warted, or {{lichengloss|granular}}. Some species develop specialised reproductive structures such as soredia, isidia, or microsquamules. The thallus is typically pale in colouration, ranging from whitish and pale green to greyish or fawn. The photosynthetic partner ({{lichengloss|photobiont}}) consists of {{lichengloss|chlorococcoid}} algae, which have roughly spherical ({{lichengloss|globose}}) to broadly ellipsoidal cells.<ref name="Cannon et al. 2023"/>
The reproductive structures, or apothecia, are relatively small, usually up to 1 mm in diameter, and can be flat or strongly convex. They lack a distinct {{lichengloss|thalline margin}} but have a well-developed {{lichengloss|true exciple}}, which is composed largely of thick-walled cells with isodiametric to ellipsoidal {{lichengloss|lumina}}. This distinguishes ''Bacidina'' from ''Bacidia'', which has a true exciple made of radiating hyphal tissue with narrow lumina. The hymenium, a spore-producing layer, reacts with iodine (I+) to stain blue. The underlying {{lichengloss|hypothecium}} varies in colouration from colourless to pigmented. The paraphyses within the hymenium are generally few in number, sometimes branched, and often have swollen tips.<ref name="Cannon et al. 2023"/>
The asci, which produce the {{lichengloss|ascospores}}, are club-shaped ({{lichengloss|clavate}}) to cylindrical-clavate in shape and typically contain eight spores. Most ''Bacidina'' species have asci of the ''Bacidia'' type, characterised by an apical dome that stains dark blue in K/I with a pale, conical apical cushion. In some species, the ascus resembles the ''Biatora'' type, which has a darker-staining zone around the apical cushion. The ascospores are colourless, generally three- or more-septate at maturity, and often {{lichengloss|filiform}} (thread-like), {{lichengloss|acicular}} (needle-shaped), or sigmoid (curved like an "S"), though some species have spores that are cylindrical to fusiform. A distinct outer spore coating ({{lichengloss|perispore}}) is absent.<ref name="Cannon et al. 2023"/>
Asexual reproduction occurs through conidia, which are produced in small, often {{lichengloss|immersed}} or sessile pycnidia. The conidia are colourless and vary in shape, with some species producing septate conidia. ''Bacidina'' species do not contain secondary metabolites that react with common chemical spot tests (C−, K−, KC−, Pd−, I−, UV−), but their apothecia and pycnidia may contain a variety of pigments.<ref name="Cannon et al. 2023"/>
==Species== {{As of|2025|February}}, Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts 53 species of Bacidina,<ref name="CoL"/> although a total of 85 taxa have been described in the genus.<ref name="IF"/>
[[File:Fennoscandian crustose lichens (10.3897-mycokeys.25.13375) Figure 1D.jpg|thumb|right|The thick, sterile thallus of ''Bacidina adastra'']] thumb|right|''Bacidina caerulea'' thumb|right|''Bacidina egenula'' *''Bacidina acerina'' {{small|Vondrák, Svoboda & Malíček (2023)}}<ref name="Vondrák et al. 2023"/> – Europe *''Bacidina adastra'' {{small|(Sparrius & Aptroot)<ref name="Sparrius & Aptroot 2003"/> M.Hauck & V.Wirth (2010)}} *''Bacidina aenea'' {{small|S.Ekman (1996)}}<ref name="Ekman 1996"/> *''Bacidina aeruginosa'' {{small|van den Boom (2021)}}<ref name="van den Boom 2021"/> *''Bacidina apiahica'' {{small|(Müll.Arg.) Vězda (1991)}}<ref name="Vězda 1990"/> *''Bacidina arnoldiana'' {{small|(Körb.) V.Wirth & Vězda (1994)}} *''Bacidina arvidssonii'' {{small|(Sérus.) Lücking (2008)}} *''Bacidina assulata'' {{small|(Körb.) S.Ekman (1996)}}<ref name="Ekman 1996"/> *''Bacidina brandii'' {{small|(Coppins & van den Boom) M.Hauck & V.Wirth (2010)}} *''Bacidina brittoniana'' {{small|(Riddle) LaGreca & S.Ekman (2014)}} *''Bacidina caerulea'' {{small|(Körb.) S.Ekman (2023)}} *''Bacidina californica'' {{small|S.Ekman (1996)}}<ref name="Ekman 1996"/> *''Bacidina caligans'' {{small|(Nyl.) Llop & Hladun (2002)}} *''Bacidina canariensis'' {{small|Lumbsch & Vězda (1992)}} *''Bacidina celtica'' {{small|van den Boom & Llop (2021)}}<ref name="van den Boom & Llop 2021"/> *''Bacidina chloroticula'' {{small|(Nyl.) Vězda & Poelt (1991)}}<ref name="Vězda 1990"/> *''Bacidina cinnamomea'' {{small|(Kremp.) Farkas (2015)}} *''Bacidina circumpallens'' {{small|(Nyl.) S.Ekman (2023)}}<ref name="Ekman 2023"/> *''Bacidina circumpulla'' {{small|S.Ekman (2020)}}<ref name="Spribille et al. 2020"/> *''Bacidina clauzadei'' {{small|(Sérus. & Lambinon) Farkas (2015)}} *''Bacidina contecta'' {{small|S.Ekman & T.Sprib. (2009)}} *''Bacidina convexa'' {{small|van den Boom (2017)}}<ref name="van den Boom et al. 2017"/> – Panama *''Bacidina crystallifera'' {{small|S.Ekman 1996)}}<ref name="Ekman 1996"/> *''Bacidina defecta'' {{small|Vězda (1994)}}<ref name="Vězda 1994"/> *''Bacidina delicata'' {{small|(Larbal. ex Leight.) V.Wirth & Vězda (1994)}} *''Bacidina dichroma'' {{small|van den Boom (2014)}}<ref name="van den Boom & Sipman 2014"/> – Guatemala *''Bacidina digitalis'' {{small|M.Cáceres & Lücking (2007)}}<ref name="Cáceres 2007"/> *''Bacidina dissecta'' {{small|S.Ekman (2004)}} *''Bacidina egenula'' {{small|(Nyl.) Vězda (1991)}}<ref name="Vězda 1990"/> *''Bacidina etayana'' {{small|(van den Boom & Vězda) M.Hauck & V.Wirth (2010)}} *''Bacidina ferax'' {{small|S.Ekman (2023)}}<ref name="Ekman 2023"/> *''Bacidina flavoleprosa'' {{small|Czarnota & Guzow-Krzem. (2012)}} *''Bacidina fuscosquamulosa'' {{small|van den Boom (2014)}}<ref name="van den Boom & Sipman 2014"/> – Guatemala *''Bacidina hypophylla'' {{small|Lücking & Kalb (2000)}}<ref name="Lücking & Kalb 2000"/> – Brazil *''Bacidina indigens'' {{small|(Vain.) S.Ekman & J.Gerasimova (2017)}} *''Bacidina inundata'' {{small|(Fr.) Vězda (1991)}}<ref name="Vězda 1990"/> *''Bacidina iqbalii'' {{small|K.Habib & Khalid (2020)}}<ref name="Fatima et al. 2020"/> – Pakistan *''Bacidina jasonhurii'' {{small|J.P.Halda, S.Y.Kondr. & Lőkös (2019)}} *''Bacidina lacerata'' {{small|(Timdal) Kistenich, Timdal, Bendiksby & S.Ekman (2018)}} *''Bacidina lignicola'' {{small|S.Ekman (2023)}}<ref name="Ekman 2023"/> *''Bacidina loekoesiana'' {{small|S.Y.Kondr. & Hur (2019)}} *''Bacidina maculans'' {{small|S.Ekman (2023)}}<ref name="Ekman 2023"/> *''Bacidina margallensis'' {{small|M.Fatima, K.Habib & Khalid (2020)}}<ref name="Fatima et al. 2020"/><ref name="Fatima et al. 2020"/> – Pakistan *''Bacidina medialis'' {{small|(Tuck. ex Nyl.) Kistenich, Timdal, Bendiksby & S.Ekman (2018)}} *''Bacidina mendax'' {{small|Czarnota & Guz.-Krzem. (2018)}}<ref name="Czarnota & Guzow-Krzemińska 2018"/> – Europe *''Bacidina mirabilis'' {{small|(Vězda) Vězda (1991)}}<ref name="Vězda 1990"/> *''Bacidina modesta'' {{small|(Zwackh ex Vain.) S.Ekman (2019)}} *''Bacidina multiseptata'' {{small|M.Cáceres & Lücking (2007)}}<ref name="Cáceres 2007"/> *''Bacidina neglecta'' {{small|(Vězda) Vězda (1991)}}<ref name="Vězda 1990"/> *''Bacidina neosquamulosa'' {{small|(Aptroot & Herk) S.Ekman (2004)}} *''Bacidina neotropica'' {{small|Lücking (2008)}}<ref name="Lücking 2008"/> *''Bacidina pallidocarnea'' {{small|(Müll.Arg.) Vězda (1991)}}<ref name="Vězda 1990"/> *''Bacidina pallidocarpa'' {{small|van den Boom & Magain (2020)}}<ref name="van den Boom & Magain 2020"/> – Macaronesia *''Bacidina paradoxa'' {{small|Palice (2023)}}<ref name="Vondrák et al. 2023"/> *''Bacidina phacodes'' {{small|(Körb.) Vězda (1991)}}<ref name="Vězda 1990"/> *''Bacidina piceae'' {{small|van den Boom (2021)}}<ref name="van den Boom 2021"/> *''Bacidina populnea'' {{small|S.Ekman (2023)}}<ref name="Ekman 2023"/> *''Bacidina pseudohyphophorifera'' {{small|(Lücking & Sérus.) Lücking (2008)}} *''Bacidina pseudoisidiata'' {{small|van den Boom (2013)}}<ref name="van den Boom 2013"/> – Tenerife *''Bacidina pulverula'' {{small|van den Boom (2022)}}<ref name="van den Boom 2022"/> – Ecuador *''Bacidina pycnidiata'' {{small|(Czarnota & Coppins) Czarnota & Guz.-Krzem. (2018)}}<ref name="Czarnota & Guzow-Krzemińska 2018"/> *''Bacidina saxenii'' {{small|(Erichsen) M.Hauck & V.Wirth (2010)}} *''Bacidina scutellifera'' {{small|(Vězda) Vězda (1991)}}<ref name="Vězda 1990"/> *''Bacidina simplex'' {{small|Farkas & Vězda (1993)}}<ref name="Farkas & Vězda 1993"/> *''Bacidina squamellosa'' {{small|S.Ekman (1996)}}<ref name="Ekman 1996"/> *''Bacidina sorediata'' {{small|Seaward & Lücking (2011)}}<ref name="Lumbsch et al. 2011"/> *''Bacidina streimannii'' {{small|Vězda (1994)}}<ref name="Vězda 1994"/> *''Bacidina subfuscula'' {{small|(Nyl.) S.Ekman (2023)}}<ref name="Ekman 2023"/> *''Bacidina sulphurella'' {{small|(Samp.) M.Hauck & V.Wirth (2010)}} *''Bacidina tarandina'' {{small|S.Ekman (2023)}} *''Bacidina tenella'' {{small|(Kullh.) S.Ekman (2023)}} *''Bacidina terricola'' {{small|van den Boom & Alvarado (2019)}} *''Bacidina varia'' {{small|S.Ekman (1996)}}<ref name="Ekman 1996"/> *''Bacidina vasakii'' {{small|(Vězda) Vězda (1991)}}<ref name="Vězda 1990"/> *''Bacidina violacea'' {{small|van den Boom & Magain (2020)}}<ref name="van den Boom & Magain 2020"/> – Macaronesia *''Bacidina ziamensis'' {{small|(Vězda) Vězda (1991)}}<ref name="Vězda 1990"/>
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}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q4838938}}
Category:Bacidina Category:Lichen genera Category:Lecanorales genera Category:Taxa described in 1991 Category:Taxa named by Antonín Vězda