{{Short description|English Anglican theologian and biblical scholar (1874–1937)}} {{Use British English|date=June 2014}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2023}} {{Infobox person | honorific_prefix = [[The Reverend]] | name = B.&nbsp;H. Streeter | honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FBA|size=100%}} | image = <!-- filename only, no "File:" or "Image:" prefix, and no enclosing [[brackets]] --> | landscape = <!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank --> | alt = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software --> | caption = | birth_name = Burnett Hillman Streeter | birth_date = {{birth date|1874|11|17|df=y}} | birth_place = [[London]], England | death_date = {{death date and age|1937|09|10|1874|11|17|df=y}} | death_place = Near [[Waldenburg, Switzerland|Waldenburg]], Switzerland | title = [[Provost of The Queen's College, Oxford]] (1933–1937) | party = | spouse = {{marriage|Irene Streeter|1910}}{{sfn|Boobbyer|2010|pp=547, 550}} | awards = | website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> | module = {{Infobox clergy |child=yes | religion = Christianity ([[Anglican]]) | church = [[Church of England]] | ordained = 1899 | congregations = | offices_held = }} | module2 = {{Infobox academic |child=yes | alma_mater = [[The Queen's College, Oxford]] | thesis_title = | thesis_year = | school_tradition = | doctoral_advisor = | academic_advisors = | influences = [[William Sanday (theologian)|William Sanday]]{{sfn|Neville|1994|p=125}} | era = | discipline = {{hlist | [[Biblical studies]] | [[theology]]}} | sub_discipline = [[New Testament]] studies | workplaces = {{ubl | [[Pembroke College, Oxford]]{{sfn|Court|2006|p=19}} | [[The Queen's College, Oxford]]{{sfn|Court|2006|p=19}}}} | doctoral_students = <!--only those with WP articles--> | notable_students = <!--only those with WP articles--> | main_interests = [[Synoptic problem]] | notable_works = ''The Four Gospels'' (1924) | notable_ideas = [[Four-document hypothesis]] | influenced = {{flatlist| * [[Aiyadurai Jesudasen Appasamy]] <!-- * [[Holger Kersten]]?? --> }} }} | signature = | signature_alt = }} '''Burnett Hillman Streeter''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FBA}}{{sfn|Hardwick|1938|p=251}} (17 November 1874 – 10 September 1937) was an English [[Anglican]] [[theologian]], [[biblical scholar]], and textual critic.

== Life == [[File:Burnett Hillman-Streeter (1874–1937) .jpg|thumb|Grave at the cemetery Hörnli, Riehen, Basel]] Streeter was born in [[Croydon]], [[London]], on 17 November 1874 and educated at [[The Queen's College, Oxford]].{{sfn|Court|2006|p=19}} He was ordained in 1899 and was a member of the [[Doctrine Commission (Church of England)|Archbishops' Commission on Doctrine]] in the [[Church of England]] (from 1922 to 1937).{{sfn|Court|2006|pp=19, 21}} In 1910, Streeter formed a group of Oxford dons known as The Group, which met weekly to discuss theological topics.{{citation needed|date=September 2020}} He attended the 1935 [[Nuremberg Rally]] with [[Frank Buchman]].{{sfnm |1a1=Belden |1y=1976 |1p=272 |2a1=Lean |2y=1985 |2p=236}} He wrote a dozen volumes in the fields of [[philosophy of religion]], [[comparative religion]], and [[New Testament]] textual studies.

He was [[Dean Ireland's Professor of the Exegesis of Holy Scripture]] at the [[University of Oxford]] from 1932 to 1933, when he became Provost of Queen's College.

The most important work of Streeter was ''The Four Gospels: A Study of Origins'' (1924), in which he proposed a "[[four-document hypothesis]]" (instead of the "[[two-source hypothesis]]") as a new solution to the [[synoptic problem]].{{sfn|Streeter|1924|pp=223–270}}{{verification needed|date=September 2020}} In this work, he also developed the theory of "local texts" in the manuscript transmission of the [[New Testament]] (pp.&nbsp;27–50). [[Johann Leonhard Hug]] was his forerunner.{{sfn|Metzger|Ehrman|2005|p=215}}

Streeter found a new textual family: [[Caesarean text-type]]. He remarked a close textual relationship between [[Codex Sinaiticus]] and [[Vulgate]] of [[Jerome]].

Streeter and his wife, Irene, were the only passengers on a [[Koolhoven FK.50]], HB-AMO which crashed into Mount Kelleköpfli on a flight from [[Bern]] to [[Basel]] on 10 September 1937. The crew started the descent to Basel in low visibility due to foggy conditions. The plane hit Mount Kelleköpfli located near [[Waldenburg, Switzerland|Waldenburg]], 25 kilometres southeast of Basel airport. The pilot Walter Eberschweiler and the Streeters were killed immediately, while the radio operator/navigator Hans Huggler survived the accident, but was severely injured.

== Works == * [https://archive.org/stream/foundationsastat00unknuoft#page/n5/mode/2up ''Foundations: A Statement of Christian Belief in Terms of Modern Thought''], (Macmillan and Co.: London 1912). * [https://archive.org/details/cu31924029357666 ''Restatement and Reunion: A Study in First Principles''] (Macmillan and Co.: London 1914) * [https://archive.org/details/warthiswarsermon00strerich ''War: This war (1914–1918) and the Sermon on the Mount''] (Oxford University Press: London 1915) * [https://archive.org/stream/immortalityaness00streuoft#page/n5/mode/2up ''Immortality: an Essay in Discovery Coordinating Scientific Psychical and Biblical Research''] (Macmillan Company: New York 1917) * [https://archive.org/stream/womanchurch00streuoft#page/n5/mode/2up ''Woman and the Church''] (T. Fisher Unwin: London 1917) * [https://archive.org/stream/godandthestruggl00darcuoft#page/n3/mode/2up ''God and the Struggle for Existence''] (Association Press: New York 1919) * [https://archive.org/stream/messageofsadhusu00stre#page/n5/mode/2up ''The Message of Sadhu Sundar Singh: A Study in Mysticism and Practical Religion''], (Macmillan Company: New York 1921). * [https://archive.org/stream/spiritrelation00stre#page/n3/mode/2up ''The Spirit: the Relation of God and Man, Considered from the Standpoint of Recent Philosophy and Science''] (Macmillan Company: New York 1922). * [http://biblicalstudies.org.uk/book_4gospels_streeter.html ''The Four Gospels, a Study of Origins treating of the Manuscript Tradition, Sources, Authorship, & Dates (1924)''], (4th Revised Edition, Macmillan and Co.: London 1930). * [https://archive.org/stream/MN40150ucmf_14#page/n5/mode/2up ''Reality: A New Correlation of Science and Religion''], (Macmillan and Co.: London 1926); reprinted subsequently. * [https://archive.org/details/primitivechurchs027908mbp ''Primitive Church Studied with Special Reference to the Origins of the Christian Ministry''], (Macmillan Company: New York 1929). * [https://archive.org/details/TheChainedLibrary ''The Chained Library''], (Burt Franklin: New York 1931). * ''The Buddha and the Christ'', [[Bampton Lectures]] (1932). * [https://archive.org/details/MN40272ucmf_11 ''The God who speaks''], (Macmillan Company: New York 1936).

== See also == * [[Hereford Cathedral]] * [[Moral Re-Armament]]

== References == === Footnotes === {{reflist|22em}}

=== Bibliography === {{refbegin|35em|indent=yes}} * {{cite thesis |last=Belden |first=David C. |year=1976 |title=The Origins and Development of the Oxford Group (Moral Re-Armament) |url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:af3e69ed-81c2-493f-a6bf-d05cfdec6c48 |degree=DPhil |location=Oxford |publisher=University of Oxford |access-date=28 September 2020 }} * {{cite journal |last=Boobbyer |first=Philip |year=2010 |title=B.&nbsp;H. Streeter and the Oxford Group |journal=The Journal of Ecclesiastical History |volume=61 |issue=3 |pages=541–567 |doi=10.1017/S0022046908005939 |s2cid=146212540 |issn=1469-7637 }} * {{cite journal |last=Court |first=John M. |year=2006 |title=Burnett Hillman Streeter (17th November 1874&nbsp;– 10th September 1937) |journal=The Expository Times |volume=118 |issue=1 |pages=19–25 |doi=10.1177/0014524606069719 |s2cid=145584485 |issn=1745-5308 }} * {{cite journal |last=Hardwick |first=J.&nbsp;C. |year=1938 |title=Burnett Hillman Streeter (1875–1937) |journal=The Expository Times |volume=49 |issue=6 |pages=249–254 |doi=10.1177/001452463804900603 |s2cid=170240359 |issn=1745-5308 }} * {{cite book |last=Lean |first=Garth |year=1985 |title=Frank Buchman: A Life |url=http://frankbuchman.info |location=London |publisher=Constable & Co. |access-date=28 September 2020 }} * {{cite book |last1=Metzger |first1=Bruce M. |author1-link=Bruce M. Metzger |last2=Ehrman |first2=Bart D. |author2-link=Bart D. Ehrman |year=2005 |title=The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration |edition=4th |location=New York |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-516122-9 }} * {{cite book |last=Neville |first=David J. |year=1994 |title=Arguments from Order in Synoptic Source Criticism: A History and Critique |series=New Gospel Studies |volume=7 |location=Macon, Georgia |publisher=Mercer University Press |isbn=978-0-86554-399-7 }} * {{cite book |last=Streeter |first=Burnett Hillman |year=1924 |title=The Four Gospels: A Study of Origins }} (Revised, 1930) {{refend}}

== External links == {{Wikiquote|Burnett Streeter}} * {{BBKL|s/s4/streeter_b_h|volume=11|author=Klaus-Gunther Wesseling|pages=46-48}} * [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/568744/Burnett-Hillman-Streeter Encyclopædia Britannica] * [http://www.katapi.org.uk/4Gospels/Contents.htm Streeter, The Four Gospels] * {{Internet Archive author |sname=Burnett Hillman Streeter}} * [http://www.worldinvisible.com/library/streeter/reality/5764c.htm Reality]

{{s-start}} {{s-aca}} {{s-bef|before=[[Laurence Grensted]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Bampton Lectures|Bampton Lecturer]]|years=1932}} {{s-aft|after=[[Robert Lightfoot (priest)|Robert Lightfoot]]|rows=2}} {{s-bef|before=[[Cuthbert Turner]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Dean Ireland's Professor of the Exegesis of Holy Scripture|Dean Ireland's Professor of<br />the Exegesis of Holy Scripture]]|years=1932–1933}} {{s-bef|before=E.&nbsp;M. Walker}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Provost of The Queen's College, Oxford]]|years=1933–1937}} {{s-aft|after=[[Robert Howard Hodgkin|R.&nbsp;H. Hodgkin]]}} {{s-ach|aw}} {{s-bef|before=[[Francis Crawford Burkitt|Francis Burkitt]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Burkitt Medal]]|years=1926}} {{s-aft|after=[[J.&nbsp;H. Ropes]]}} {{s-end}}

{{Dean Ireland's Professors}} {{Portal bar|Bible|Biography|Christianity|University of Oxford}} {{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Streeter, Burnett Hillman}} [[Category:1874 births]] [[Category:1937 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century Anglican theologians]] [[Category:20th-century Christian biblical scholars]] [[Category:20th-century Church of England clergy]] [[Category:20th-century English theologians]] [[Category:Academics from London]] [[Category:Alumni of the Queen's College, Oxford]] [[Category:Anglican biblical scholars]] [[Category:Anglican clergy from London]] [[Category:Dean Ireland's Professors of the Exegesis of Holy Scripture]] [[Category:English Anglican theologians]] [[Category:English biblical scholars]] [[Category:Fellows of Pembroke College, Oxford]] [[Category:Fellows of the British Academy]] [[Category:New Testament scholars]] [[Category:People educated at King's College School, London]] [[Category:People from Croydon]] [[Category:Provosts of the Queen's College, Oxford]] [[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1937]] [[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Switzerland]] [[Category:Writers from the London Borough of Croydon]] [[Category:19th-century Anglican theologians]] [[Category:20th-century British biblical scholars]]