C minor

{{Short description|Minor scale based on C}}{{More citations needed|date=May 2025}} {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}{{Infobox musical scale | name=C minor<br><score>{ \magnifyStaff #3/2 \omit Score.TimeSignature \key c \minor s16 \clef F \key c \minor s^"" }</score> | relative=E-flat major | parallel=C major | dominant=G minor | subdominant=F minor | first_pitch=C | second_pitch=D | third_pitch=E{{music|flat}} | fourth_pitch=F | fifth_pitch=G | sixth_pitch=A{{music|flat}} | seventh_pitch=B{{music|flat}} }}

'''C minor''' is a minor scale based on C, consisting of the pitches C, D, E{{music|flat}}, F, G, A{{music|flat}}, and B{{music|flat}}.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=C Minor Scale |url=https://pulse.berklee.edu/scales/c-minor-scale.html |access-date=2025-05-18 |website=Berklee Pulse}}</ref> Its key signature consists of three flats.<ref name=":0" /> Its relative major is E{{music|flat}} major and its parallel major is C major.

The C natural minor scale is:

{{block indent|<score sound raw> \header { tagline = ##f } scale = \relative b { \key c \minor \omit Score.TimeSignature c^"C natural minor scale" d es f g as bes c bes as g f es d c2 \clef F \key c \minor } \score { { << \cadenzaOn \scale \context NoteNames \scale >> } \layout { } \midi { } } </score>}}

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The C harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are:

{{block indent|<score sound raw> \header { tagline = ##f } scale = \relative b { \key c \minor \omit Score.TimeSignature c^"C harmonic minor scale" d es f g as b c b as g f es d c2 } \score { { << \cadenzaOn \scale \context NoteNames \scale >> } \layout { } \midi { } } </score>}} {{block indent|<score sound raw> \header { tagline = ##f } scale = \relative b { \key c \minor \omit Score.TimeSignature c^"C melodic minor scale (ascending and descending)" d es f g a b c bes! as! g f es d c2 } \score { { << \cadenzaOn \scale \context NoteNames \scale >> } \layout { } \midi { } } </score>}}

== Scale degree chords == The scale degree chords of C minor are: * Tonic – C minor * Supertonic – D diminished * Mediant – E-flat major * Subdominant – F minor * Dominant – G minor * Submediant – A-flat major * Subtonic – B-flat major

==Notable compositions== {{See also|List of symphonies in C minor}} {{Div col|colwidth=25em}} *Charles-Valentin Alkan **Prelude Op. 31, No. 16 (Assez lentement) **Symphony for Solo Piano, 1st movement: Allegro **Trois grandes études, Op. 76, No. 3 "Mouvement semblable et perpetuel" *Johannes Sebastian Bach **Passacaglia and Fugue in C minor, BWV 582 **Lute Suite in C minor, BWV 997 **Cello Suite No. 5, BWV 1011 **The Musical Offering, BWV 1079 **Partita No. 2, BWV 826 *Ludwig van Beethoven (See Beethoven and C minor) **Piano Sonata No. 5 **Piano Sonata No. 8 (''Pathétique'') **Piano Concerto No. 3 **Coriolan Overture **Symphony No. 5 **''Choral Fantasy'' **Piano Sonata No. 32 *Johannes Brahms **Symphony No. 1 **String Quartet Op. 51/1 **Piano Trio No. 3 **Piano Quartet No. 3 *Anton Bruckner **Symphony No. 1 **Symphony No. 2 **Symphony No. 8 *Frédéric Chopin **Rondo Op. 1 **Piano Sonata No. 1 **Étude Op. 10, No. 12 (''Revolutionary'') **Étude Op. 25, No. 12 (''Ocean'') **Prélude Op. 28, No. 20 "Funeral March" **Nocturne in C minor, Op. 48, No. 1 **Nocturne in C minor, Op. posth. (Chopin) **Mazurka Op. 56, No. 3 *Gabriel Fauré **Élégie, Op. 24 *Joseph Haydn **Piano Sonata Hob. XVI/20 *Franz Liszt **''Transcendental Étude'' No. 8 "Wilde Jagd" *Gustav Mahler **Symphony No. 2 "Auferstehung" *Felix Mendelssohn **Piano Trio in C minor, MWV Q3 **Symphony No. 1 **Organ Sonata, Op. 65, No. 2 *Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart **''Great Mass in C minor'', K. 427 (417a) **Piano Concerto No. 24, K. 491) **Maurerische Trauermusik K. 477 (479a) **Als Luise die Briefe ihres ungetreuen Liebhabers verbrannte, K. 517 **Adagio and Fugue in C minor. K. 546 **Wind Serenade in C minor. K. 388 (384a) **Fantasy in C minor for violin and piano, K. 396 (385f) **Piano Sonata in C minor, K. 457 **Fantasy in C minor, K. 475 **Kleiner Trauermarsch, K. 453a *Sergei Prokofiev **Symphony No. 3, Op. 44 *Sergei Rachmaninoff **Piano Concerto No. 2 *Camille Saint-Saëns **Symphony No. 3 (''Organ Symphony'') *Dmitri Shostakovich **String Quartet No. 8 **Symphony No. 4 **Symphony No. 8 *Franz Schubert **Symphony No. 4, D. 417 **Piano Sonata No. 19, D. 958 **Impromptu No. 1, D. 899 {{Div col end}}

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== * {{Commons category-inline}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:C Minor}} Category:Musical keys Category:Minor scales Category:Compositions in C minor