Avro Type G

{{Short description|Airplane designed by A.V. Roe}}  {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2017}} {{Use British English|date=May 2017}} {{Infobox aircraft |name=Type G |image=Avro Type G.jpg |caption= |type=Experimental aircraft |manufacturer=Avro |designer= |first_flight=August 1912 |introduction= |retired= |status= |primary_user= |more_users= |produced= |number_built=1 |variants= }}

The '''Avro Type G''' was a two-seat biplane designed by A.V. Roe to participate in the 1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition. It is notable for having a fully enclosed crew compartment and for being the first aircraft to have recovered from a spin in front of witnesses.<ref name="Flight" >{{Cite journal |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1912/1912%20-%200787.html |title=Parke's Dive |journal=Flight |date=25 August 1912 }}</ref>

==Design and development== The Avro Type G was a two-seat, two-bay biplane with a fully enclosed crew compartment. The fuselage spanned the entire gap between the upper and lower wings, which featured Roe's characteristic high aspect ratio. Two prototypes were initiated, one equipped with a Green engine and the other with an ABC engine. However, the ABC engine was not delivered in time, leading to the abandonment of the second prototype.

During the military trials, the Type G excelled in the assembly tests, being assembled in just 14½ minutes, and in the fuel consumption tests. Despite its poor rate of climb preventing it from winning a major prize, Avro was awarded £100. The Type G later set a British endurance record of 7 hours and 31 minutes, piloted by F. P. Raynham at Brooklands on 24 October, a record that was broken only an hour later by Harry Hawker. The aircraft was the second British airplane to recover from a spin, and the first to do so in front of witnesses.<ref name="Flight" /> On the morning of 25 August, Lt Wilfred Parke, with Lt Breton as passenger, took off for an endurance trial. After three hours of flight, Parke was performing a series of dives and entered a spin at about 700 feet (210 m). Through a combination of luck, cool nerves, and flying skill, he managed to recover at about 50 feet (15 m) above the ground, allowing the aircraft to fly off under perfect control. Parke's ability to clearly report his experience to expert witnesses was significant, as entering a spin had previously been considered almost certain death.

==Specifications== {{Aircraft specs |ref=''Avro Aircraft since 1908'' <ref name=Jackson>{{cite book |last1=Jackson |first1=A..J. |title=Avro Aircraft since 1908 |date=1965 |publisher=Putnam |location=London }}</ref> |prime units?=imp  |crew=1 |capacity=1 |length ft=28 |length in=6 |length note= |span ft=35 |span in=3 |span note= |height ft=9 |height in=9 |height note= |wing area sqft=335 |wing area note= |aspect ratio= |airfoil= |empty weight lb=1191 |empty weight note= |gross weight lb=1792 |gross weight note= |max takeoff weight lb= |max takeoff weight note= |fuel capacity= |more general=  |eng1 number=1 |eng1 name=Green D.4 |eng1 type=4-cylinder water-cooled in-line piston engine |eng1 hp=64 |eng1 note=

|prop blade number= |prop name= |prop dia ft= |prop dia in= |prop dia note=  |max speed mph=62 |max speed note= |cruise speed mph= |cruise speed note= |stall speed mph= |stall speed note= |never exceed speed mph= |never exceed speed note= |range miles=345 |range note= |ferry range miles= |ferry range note= |endurance= |ceiling ft= |ceiling note= |climb rate ftmin=105 |climb rate note= |time to altitude= |wing loading lb/sqft= |wing loading note= |fuel consumption lb/mi= |power/mass= |more performance= }}

==References== {{reflist}}

==Further reading== * {{cite book |last= Taylor |first= Michael J. H. |title=Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation |year=1989 |publisher=Studio Editions |location=London |pages=91 }} * {{cite book |title=World Aircraft Information Files |publisher=Bright Star Publishing|location=London |pages=File 889 Sheet 93 }}

==External links== {{commons category|Avro Type G}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930184219/http://www.britishaircraft.co.uk/aircraftpage.php?ID=289 Avro Type G] – British Aircraft Directory

Type G Category:1910s British military utility aircraft Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft Category:Biplanes Category:Aircraft first flown in 1912

Avro Type G

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