{{Short description|French painter and illustrator (1871–1954)}} {{cleanup|reason=Grammar and usage, general style, formatting.|date=October 2015}} {{Infobox person | name = Jules Marie Auguste Leroux | image = Auguste Leroux et Mlle Mitzy Dalti - 1903.jpg | alt = | caption = Auguste Leroux in his studio (1903) | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1871|04|14|df=y}} | birth_place = Paris, France | death_date = {{Death date and age|1954|03|26|1871|04|14|df=y}} | death_place = Paris, France | other_names = | known_for = | occupation = Painter }}
'''Jules Marie Auguste Leroux''' (14 April 1871 – 26 March 1954) was a French painter and illustrator.
==Biography==
Jules Marie Auguste Leroux was born in the 3rd arrondissement of Paris on 14 April 1871, during the Commune.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://canadp-archivesenligne.paris.fr/archives_etat_civil/1860_1902_actes/aec_visu_img.php?registre=V4E_02688&type=AEC&&bdd_en_cours=actes_ec_1871_1882&vue_tranche_debut=AD075EC_V4E_02688_0005&vue_tranche_fin=AD075EC_V4E_02688_0031&ref_histo=13252&cote=V4E |title=Acte de naissance sur archivesenligne.paris.fr (acte 6 image 2) |access-date=2012-06-18 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205016/http://canadp-archivesenligne.paris.fr/archives_etat_civil/1860_1902_actes/aec_visu_img.php?registre=V4E_02688&type=AEC&&bdd_en_cours=actes_ec_1871_1882&vue_tranche_debut=AD075EC_V4E_02688_0005&vue_tranche_fin=AD075EC_V4E_02688_0031&ref_histo=13252&cote=V4E |url-status=dead }} with marginal mention of marriage and death</ref> His father, Gustav Ferdinand Leroux, was a publisher of prints established at 43 rue Saint-André-des-Arts. The family had its roots in the neighborhood of Coutances (Manche), in the village of Trelly.<ref>{{cite book |title=Saint-Louet-sur-Sienne depuis 1060 jusqu'à nos jours' |author=Adam, L. |publisher=A. Breger Frères |year=1898 |pages=163–164}}</ref>
As a young man he entered the École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs where he studied drawing nudes from models and after academics. He was forced work on fashion drawings and illustrations for children. In 1892 he was then admitted to the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts on the Rue Bonaparte, where he studied in the studio of Léon Bonnat (1833-1922).
[[File:Anatole France par Leroux.jpg|thumb|left|Drawing of Anatole France, 1906]] He won many successes including the 3rd drawing Medal in January 1892,<ref>[https://archive.today/20120728102300/http://www.beauxartsparis.fr/ow2/catzarts/voir.xsp?id=00101-36021&qid=sdx_q1&n=28&sf=&e= Référence d'Antinoüs aux Beaux-Arts]</ref> the 2nd Medal in July and the 2nd Medal in November of that year. He did his military service with the 46th Infantry at Fontainebleau. Back in Paris in September 1893, he won the prize for figure drawing in November 1893 and the prize for torso in March 1894. He remained with the school until he was aged 23. He won the first Grand Prix de Rome in June 1894 with ''Judith presenting the Head of Holofernes to the people of Bethulia''.<ref>{{cite journal |language=fr|title=Nos Gravures |journal=Le Monde artiste|volume=34|issue=33|date=19 August 1894|pages=452 |url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k54533751.image.f2.langFR |access-date=7 August 2010}}</ref> (Painting preserved at the National School of Fine Arts of Paris).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.beauxartsparis.fr/ow2/catzarts/voir.xsp?id=00101-11124&qid=sdx_q0&n=13&sf=&e= |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120723003820/http://www.beauxartsparis.fr/ow2/catzarts/voir.xsp?id=00101-11124&qid=sdx_q0&n=13&sf=&e= |archive-date=2012-07-23 |title=Judith montre la tête d'Holopherne aux habitants de Béthanie |website=Beaux-arts de Paris, l'école nationale supérieure |language=fr |type=Catalogue record }}</ref>
He left for Italy for three years of study at the Villa Medici in Rome from 1895 to 1898, accompanied by the painter Adolphe Déchenaud and musician Henri Rabaud. At the villa, he met the musician Henri Büsser, with whom he befriended and whose portrait he painted. He exhibited at the Salon of French artists from the beginning of the year 1898. He earned a bronze medal at the Universal Exhibition in Paris in 1900.
In 1906, he married Clotilde Morel. In 1908 he moved with his wife to a large house in the Quartier du Petit-Montrouge, in the 14th arrondissement of Paris, Villa d'Alesia.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://parisianfields.wordpress.com/2011/02/25/a-villa-in-the-south/ |title=A villa in the south|date=25 February 2011}}</ref> The top floor of the house, covered with a large glass roof, naturally became his workshop. He would live there until the end of his life surrounded by his wife and three children. He was a professor at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris for 30 years, a jury member of the committee of French Artists Society in 1904, an art teacher at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière, and was made a knight of the Legion of Honor.
Auguste Leroux died in Paris on 26 March 1954. The sculptor Claude Grange, President of the Institute of France, pronounced his eulogy on 31 March 1954. A plate decorated with a medallion portrait by Spanish sculptor Enrique Pérez Comendador is affixed to his house at 11 Villa d'Alesia.<ref>{{cite book |author=Adrien Dautriat |title=Sur les murs de Paris: Guide des plaques commémoratives |year=1999 |publisher=Inventaire |isbn=2-910490-20-3}}</ref> A major retrospective exhibition of his works was held at the Grand Palais from 21 May to 12 June 1955.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Société des artistes français |url=https://data.bnf.fr/fr/11719158/salon_des_artistes_francais/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201090430/https://data.bnf.fr/fr/11719158/salon_des_artistes_francais/ |archive-date=1 February 2022 |title=Exposition rétrospective, quelques œuvres du peintre Auguste Leroux: Salon 1955, 21 May to 12 June. Catalogue. Grand Palais des Champs-Élysées}}</ref>
==Reception== [[File:"Comptoir National D'escompte De Paris. Emprunt National 1918. Pour haser la Victoire, et pour nous revoir bienot, Sousc - NARA - 512451.jpg|thumb|Poster for war loan by Comptoir national d'escompte de Paris, 1918]] Leroux exhibited in several galleries in Paris including the Galerie Allard, Galerie Georges Petit, Galerie Charpentier and Galerie Mona Lisa. He also executed the plans of several public buildings and created some images for the mosaic of the Church of the Sacred Heart of Montmartre. These were four characters for the Lady Chapel: Saint Dominic de Guzmán, Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, John Eudes and Louis-Marie Grignon de Montfort.<ref>{{cite book |language=fr|first=Père Jacques|last=Benoist |title=Le Sacré-Cœur de Montmartre de 1870 à nos jours |publisher=Les éditions De l'Atelier |date=4 December 1992 |isbn=978-2-7082-2978-5}}</ref>
Auguste Leroux was a great success as an illustrator of works by authors such as Giacomo Casanova, Joris-Karl Huysmans, Honoré de Balzac, Gustave Flaubert, Stendhal and Anatole France. These editions are highly prized by bibliophiles. A skilled lithographer, he worked with the greatest engravers of his time including Gusman, {{ill|Eugène Decisy|fr}}, Raoul Serres, Florian and Perrichon. His first works were full of symbolism and art nouveau mixed with many references to mythological and allegorical subjects. His later works show greater academic rigor and an obvious fascination for the female anatomy. They are now sought after by fans, especially his portraits and his ballerinas. Recently, several paintings by Auguste Leroux were sold on the market following the public sale of his studio by his descendants.
==Family== ===Younger brother=== His younger brother Georges Paul Leroux (3 August 1877 – 16 February 1957) was also a brilliant artist who won the Prix de Rome in painting in 1906 and was a member of the Académie des beaux-arts.
===Children=== Auguste Leroux had three children, each of whom received complete training as artists and became well known in their own right.
Madeleine Leroux (Magdalena De Perez Leroux Comendador) (Paris, 1902 – Hervás, 1984)<ref>{{cite web |language = Spanish |work = Consorcio Muséo Perez Comendador-Leroux |url = http://www.mpcl.net/artistas/curmagdalena.htm |title = Madeleine Leroux |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131211060856/http://mpcl.net/artistas/curmagdalena.htm |archive-date = 2013-12-11 }}</ref> studied with her father and with Ferdinand Humbert at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris. She exhibited at the age of 21 at the Salon des Artistes Français (1923 – Summer Evening at the Carrousel).<ref name="Illustration_4810">reproduit dans L'Illustration du 11 mai 1935 - N°4810</ref> She won a Gold Medal at the Salon of French artists in 1926 and the Prix de Rome in 1927. She continued her training at the Casa de Velázquez in Madrid, and in 1931 married in Paris the Spanish sculptor Enrique Pérez Comendador (1900–1981). She pursued a successful career in Spain with her husband (exhibitions in Madrid, Barcelona, Paris, Cairo ....). A museum is entirely devoted to her in Hervás, in the province of Cáceres.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.mpcl.net/index2.html |title = Consorcio Muséo Perez Comendador-Leroux |language = Spanish |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131020132053/http://mpcl.net/index2.html |archive-date = 2013-10-20 }}</ref>
Lucienne Leroux (1903–1981) was a pupil of her father and Ferdinand Humbert at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts. She won the Prix de Rome in 1926 with ''The Family'', Silver medal at the Salon of French artists in 1924, Gold medal at the Paris International Exhibition in 1937. She was a resident of the Casa de Velázquez in Madrid in 1935. Painter of composition, classical influence (''Vénus chez Vulcain''), her touch is sometimes more impressionistic (''On the River'' – 1920).<ref>See the photo and the article in {{cite book |first=Martin|last=Wolpert |title=Modern Figurative Paintings - The Paris Connection |publisher=Schiffer Publishing Ltd|year=2004|page=181 |isbn=978-0-7643-1962-4}}</ref> Spain was a great source of inspiration for her, shown in paintings such as ''View of Toledo''. She was a teacher in Dijon and then in Paris. Until his death she had extreme admiration for her brother, André.
André Leroux (Paris, 1911 – Nogent-sur-Marne, 1997)<ref>See his self-portrait of 1925 and the article {{cite book |first=Martin|last=Wolpert |title=Modern Figurative Paintings - The Paris Connection |publisher=Schiffer Publishing Ltd|year=2004|page=177 |isbn=978-0-7643-1962-4}}</ref> was a pupil of his father and of Peter and Paul Albert Laurens. At 18, he was received at the first entrance exam of the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts. At the age of 23 his painting ''The Eternal Epic''<ref name="Illustration_4810"/> earned him the congratulations of President Albert Lebrun. He won the Leguay-Lebrun prize of the Institute of France and Great Gold Medal. A painter of figures and of history, still lifes (''Bouquet of Peonies'' 1968), portraits (''Antonio Madrid'' 1946; ''Portrait of Manuela del Rio'' 1947), his classicism and romanticism (1930 ''Serenity'') are far removed from the art movements of his day. With virtuosity, knowledge of composition, hard work: the desire for perfection was his only concern. He spent four years over ''The Eternal Epic''. Among his major works were: ''David victorious over Goliath'' - 1932; ''Christ at the Sepulchre'' - 1933 ''Ophelia'' - 1934; ''Into the Light'' - 1936; ''Phantom of Glory'' - 1938 (after a poem by Alphonse de Lamartine). He was appointed professor at the National School of Fine Arts.
==References== {{Commons category|Auguste Leroux}} {{reflist}}
{{Authority control (arts)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Leroux, Auguste}} Category:1871 births Category:1954 deaths Category:19th-century French painters Category:French male painters Category:20th-century French painters Category:20th-century French male artists Category:19th-century French male artists