{{Short description|Roman province in Egypt}} {{Infobox former subdivision |native_name = {{aut|Provincia Augustamnica}}<br>{{lang|grc|ἐπαρχία Αὐγουσταμνικῆς}} |conventional_long_name = |common_name = Augustamnica |subdivision = Province |nation = the Byzantine Empire |era = Antiquity |capital = Pelusium |title_leader = |image_map = |image_map_caption = |life_span = |year_start = 315 |event_start = |event1 = |date_event1 = |year_end = 641 |event_end = Arab-Byzantine Wars |today = Egypt |p1 = Roman Egypt |s1 = Rashidun Caliphate }}

'''''Augustamnica''''' (Latin) or '''''Augoustamnike''''' (Greek) was a Roman province of Egypt<ref>Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, p. 102</ref> created during the 4th century and was part of the Diocese of Oriens first and then of the Diocese of Egypt, until the Muslim conquest of Egypt in the 640s.

Some ancient episcopal sees of the province are included in the Catholic Church's list of titular sees.<ref name=AP/>

== Augustamnica == The province was instituted in tetrarchic times under the name of '''''Aegyptus Herculia''''' (for Diocletian's colleague Maximian), with ancient Memphis as capital (315-325), but later re-merged in Aegyptus. In 341 the province was reconstituted, but the name was changed into ''Augustamnica'' to remove pagan connotations. It consisted of the Eastern part of the Nile Delta and the ancient ''Heptanomia'', and belonged to the Diocese of Oriens.<ref>Alan K. Bowman, ''Egypt after the pharaohs: 332 BC-AD 642. From Alexander to the Arab Conquest'', University of California Press, 1996, {{ISBN|0-520-20531-6}}, p. 79.</ref><ref name="keenan">Keenan, p. 613.</ref>

[[File:Dioecesis Aegypti 400 AD.png|thumb|right|300px|Map of the late Roman Diocese of Egypt, with Augustamnica in the East.]]

Augustamnica was the only Egyptian province under a corrector, a lower ranking governor.

Around 381 the provinces of Egypt become a diocese in their own right, and so Augustamnica became part of the Diocese of Egypt. Between 386 and the end of the 4th century the new province of Arcadia Aegypti, named after Emperor Arcadius, was created with territory from Augustamnica, the ''Heptanomia'';<ref name="keenan" /> Augustamnica's capital was moved to Pelusium.

From the military point of view, the province was under the ''Comes limitis Aegypti''. According to the ''Notitia dignitatum'', the province hosted several military units:<ref>''Notitia Dignitatum In partibus Orientis'', XXVIII.</ref> *''Ala secunda Ulpia Afrorum'' at Thaubasteos *''Ala secunda Aegyptiorum'' at Tacasiria, *''Cohors prima sagittariorum'' at Naithu *''Cohors prima Augusta Pannoniorum'' at Tohu, *''Cohors prima Epireorum'' at Castra Iudaeorum *''Cohors quarta Iuthungorum'' at Affroditus *''Cohors secunda Ituraeorum'' at Aiy *''Cohors secunda Thracum'' at Muson *''Cohors quarta Numidarum'' at Narmunthi

== Augustamnica I and II == Before 539, Augustamnica was divided into two provinces: '''''Augustamnica Prima''''' (First - North) and '''''Augustamnica Secunda''''' (Second - South).<ref name="keenan"/>

Augustamnica Prima had Pelusium as ''metropolis'' (administrative centre) and was under a ''corrector'', who governed the following cities: Pelusium, Setroithes (or Sethroitis), Tanis, Thmuis, Rhinocorura, Ostracine (or Ostracina), Pentaschoinon, Casium, Aphnaion, Hephaestus, Panephysis, the Tents outside Gerra, the Tents inside Gerra, Thennesus, Panephusis.<ref>Georgius Cyprius, 685-700; Hierocles, Synecdemos 726:3-727:6.</ref>

Leontopolis was the capital of Augustamnica Secunda.

== Episcopal sees == Ancient episcopal sees of Augustamnica I listed in the ''Annuario Pontificio'' as titular sees:<ref name=AP>''Annuario Pontificio 2013'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 {{ISBN|978-88-209-9070-1}}), "Sedi titolari", pp. 819-1013</ref> {{columns-list|colwidth=22em| * Aphnaeum (ruins of Tell-Defenneh?) * Casius * Damiata * Gera * Hephaestus * Ostracine * Panephysis (near Lake Menzaleh) * '''Pelusium, the Metropolitan Archbishopric''' * Phacusa * Rhinocorura (Arish) * Shata * Sela (near El Qantara) * Sethroë (between San-El-Hagar and Tell-Farama) * Tamiathis * Tanis * Thennesus * Thmuis }}

Ancient episcopal sees of Augustamnica II listed in the ''Annuario Pontificio'' as titular sees:<ref name=AP/> {{columns-list|colwidth=22em| * Arabia (Uadi-Tumilat) * Athribis * Babylon * Bubastis * Clysma * Heliopolis in Augustamnica * '''Leontopolis in Augustamnica, the Metropolitan archbishopric''' * Pharbaetus * Phelbes }}

== Notes == {{reflist}}

== References == * {{cite book | last = Keenan | first = James K. | chapter = Egypt | pages = 612–637 | title=The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume XIV - Late Antiquity: Empire and Successors, A.D. 425–600 | editor1-last=Cameron | editor1-first=Averil | editor2-last=Ward-Perkins |editor2-first=Bryan | editor3-last=Whitby | editor3-first=Michael | publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2000 | isbn=978-0-521-32591-2 | chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Qf8mrHjfZRoC&pg=PA612}}

{{Late Roman Provinces|state=collapsed}} Category:310s establishments in the Roman Empire Category:States and territories established in the 310s Category:Byzantine Egypt Category:Late Roman provinces Category:Roman Egypt Category:Pelusium