{{short description|Danish composer}} [[File:August Winding.jpg|thumb|August Winding in 1865]] '''August Winding''' (24 March 1835{{spaced ndash}}16 June 1899) was a [[Denmark|Danish]] pianist, teacher and composer.
==Life== ===Early life and education=== August Henrik Winding was born in [[:da:Tårs (Lolland Kommune)|Tårs]], near [[Sandby]] on the island of [[Lolland]].<ref name=silver>[http://www.editionsilvertrust.com/winding-string-quintet.htm August Winding: String Quintet in D Major, Op.23] Edition Silvertrust</ref> His father was a clergyman who collected and arranged Danish folk songs, and also an excellent pianist who became his son's first music teacher. August's three brothers were equally highly musical, most of all his brother Peter Buonaventura who, despite his early death at the age of 16, had some of his works published. In 1847, August's parents sent the 12 year old to Copenhagen for musical education. He stayed there at the house of [[Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann]] and was given piano lessons by [[Carl Reinecke]] until the latter's departure for Paris in 1848, and then by [[Anton Rée]] (1820–1886),<ref>[http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/12627-ree-anton Anton Rée, pianist, 1820-1886] The Jewish Encyclopedia</ref> who had been an acquaintance of [[Frédéric Chopin]]. He also was taught theory and composition by [[Niels Gade]].<ref name=bach>[http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Lib/Winding-August.htm Winding-August] www.bach-cantatas.com</ref><ref name=rdr>[http://rdrecs.wordpress.com/2011/03/02/piano-music-of-j-p-e-and-emil-hartmann-and-august-winding/ Romantic Discoveries Recordings] rdrecs.wordpress.com</ref> In 1856 he went to [[Leipzig]] for further studies, and then had lessons with [[Alexander Dreyschock]] in [[Prague]].<ref name=rdr/> who called him «''the best of his pupils hitherto''».
===Pianist=== His public career was originally as a pianist; he became rapidly the leading pianist of his days in Denmark, but also played in many countries of Europe, specialising in [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]] and [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|Mozart]].<ref name=bach/> His "calling card" was Beethoven's [[Piano Concerto No. 4 (Beethoven)|4th Piano Concerto]].<ref name=rdr/>
In 1864 he married [[Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann|J. P. E. Hartmann]]'s daughter Clara<ref name=rdr/> ([[Niels Gade]] married another daughter). In 1867 he became a teacher at the [[Royal Danish Academy of Music|Royal Danish Conservatory]] in [[Copenhagen]]<ref name=silver/><ref name=bach/> and also privately.<ref name=rdr/>
August Winding was one of Edvard Grieg's closest friends.
===Arm injury and career as a composer=== In 1867 he injured his arm through overwork, which forced his retirement as a performer but also enabled him to devote himself to composing.<ref name=rdr/> In 1881, he resumed his pedagogical activity at the conservatorium. Between 1888 and his death he gave some further concerts.<ref name=rdr/>
===Death and legacy=== August Winding died in 1899 in [[Copenhagen]], aged 64. He is buried in [[Søllerød Church|Søllerød graveyard]]. He was survived by a daughter, [[Ingeborg Winding]] (1871–1908), a painter and the mother of architects and designers [[Mogens Lassen|Mogens]] and [[Flemming Lassen]], and a son, Poul Andreas Winding (1877–1966), a violinist.
==Style and legacy== His music was for many years virtually forgotten, apart from some hymn tunes, but attention is now being paid to his major works.
==Compositions== * Orchestral ** ''Nordic Overture'', Op. 7 (1864) **''Concert Overture'' (published in 1885), Op. 14 ** Symphony in C minor, Op. 39, dedicated to [[Emil Hartmann]] **Symphony (1858–59) ** Ballet ''Fjeldstuen'' (''The Mountain Hut, or Twenty Years''; 1859; co-written with his brother-in law [[Emil Hartmann]]). Winding wrote the first part, and among others: *** "''Sæterpigernes Dands om det nydødbte Barn''" *** "''Huldredands''" *** "''Springdands''" * Concertante ** Violin Concerto in A major, Op. 11 (created by [[Wilma Neruda|Wilhelmine Neruda]] on 2 March 1867 in Copenhagen) **Piano Concerto in A minor, Op. 16 ** Concert Allegro in C minor, Op. 29, for piano and orchestra * Chamber works ** First Sonata for violin and piano, in g minor, Op. 5 (dedicated to [[Wilma Neruda|Wilhelmine Neruda]]) **Sonata for cello and piano, Op. 10 (1854, manuscript, dedicated to [[Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann|J.P.E. Hartmann]]) **Piano Quartet in D major, Op. 17 (created at the ''[[Gewandhaus]]'' in [[Leipzig]]) ** Three Fantasy Pieces, Op. 19, for clarinet or violin and piano (1872) ** String Quintet in D, Op. 23 (2 violins, 2 violas, cello)<ref name=silver/> ** Second Sonata for violin and piano, Op. 35 **''Elegi'' for violin (or Oboe) and piano, Op. 41 **''Aftenstemning'' for violin and organ or piano, Op. 47 b **''Miniature Suite'' for violin and piano **''Three Canzonettas'' for violin and piano * Piano pieces ** ''Three Fantasy Pieces, Op. 1'' **''Reisebilder'' (Eight pieces), Op. 3 **''Four Pieces'' (''Festmarsch, Intermezzo, Scherzo, Romance''), Op. 6 **''Landlige Scener'': Skizzer for Piano (Seven Pieces), Op. 9 ** ''Studier og Stemninger'' (Six Pieces)'', Op. 10'' **''Allegro, Romance, Finale,'' Op. 13 **''Genrebilleder'' (Twelve Pieces dedicated to [[Franz Xaver Neruda|Franz Neruda]]), ''Op. 15'' **''Ten Pieces in Etudeform'', Op. 18 **''Aus der Ferienzei''t (''Sommerminder'', Seven Pieces for Piano), Op. 22 **''Five Pieces in Etudeform'', Op. 24 **''Tonebilleder (Four Pieces''), Op. 25 ** ''Preludes in all the Keys'', Op. 26 (Dedicated to [[Isidor Seiss]]):<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://johnkersey.wordpress.com/news/page/3/ |title=John Kersey |access-date=2012-06-07 |archive-date=2016-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307092659/https://johnkersey.wordpress.com/news/page/3/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *** 1. in C major: ''Poco Adagio, maestoso e con nobilità'' *** 2. in A minor: ''Allegro agitato ed affetuoso'' *** 3. in F major: ''Comodo'' *** 4. in D minor: ''Allegro risoluto e energico'' *** 5. in B{{music|flat}} major: ''Allegro non troppo. Giocoso, con allegrezza'' *** 6. in G minor: ''Moderato con fierezza'' *** 7. in E{{music|flat}} major: ''Andante innocente e tenero'' *** 8. in C minor: ''Presto impetuoso'' *** 9. in A{{music|flat}} major: ''Allegro non troppo con dolcezza'' *** 10. in F minor: ''Allegro moderato, poco agitato'' *** 11. in D{{music|flat}} major: ''Con moto. Soave e con grazia'' *** 12. in B{{music|flat}} minor: ''Andantino quasi Allegretto, Grave e mesto'' *** 13. in G{{music|flat}} major: ''Allegro vivace con calore e molt’ animato'' *** 14. in E{{music|flat}} minor: ''Presto furioso e con strepito'' *** 15. in B major: ''Allegretto tranquillo e dolce'' *** 16. in G{{music|sharp}} minor: ''Allegretto dolente e malinconico'' *** 17. in E major: ''Moderato grazioso e con tenerezza'' *** 18. in C{{music|sharp}} minor: ''Allegro energico e molt’ appassionato'' *** 19. in A major: ''Allegretto dolce e piacevole'' *** 20. in F{{music|sharp}} minor: ''Andantino con duolo'' *** 21. in D major: ''Allegro con vivacità ed anima'' *** 22. in B minor: ''Adagio grave e lugubre'' *** 23. in G major: ''Allegro molto con gran vivacità'' *** ''24. in E minor:'' ''Andante sostenuto, quasi una fantasia'' *** 25. Postludium in C major: ''Poco Adagio, maestoso e con nobilità.'' **''Three Pieces for the left hand'' (''Capriccio, Canzonetta, Finale''), Op 27 **''Kontraster'' (Thirteen Pieces), Op. 28 **''Sange ved Klaveret'', Op. 30 (Four Pieces, ''Im Winter, Im Mai, Herbstlied, Sommergruss,'' dedicated to [[Theodor Kirchner]]) **''Four'' ''Etudes'', Op. 31 **''Fra Unge Dage, Dandse, Marscher og Karakterstykker'', for piano four hands, Op. 32, dedicated to [[Christian Barnekow]] **''Albumsblade'' (Three Pieces, dedicated to [[Bodil Neergaard|Bodil Neergaard, née Hartmann]]), Op. 33 **''Three Pieces (Toccata, Notturno, Etude''), Op. 34 **''Four'' ''Etudes'', Op 36 **''Idyller og Legender,'' for piano, Op. 37 **''Danserytmer i forskellig Stil (Nordisk Folkedans, Ländler, Valse, Giga''), Op. 38 **''Minore e Maggiore'' (Six Pieces dedicated to [[Godfred Matthison- Hansen]]), Op. 40 **''Toccata,'' Op 43 **''Aus de Ersten Heimat'', Op. 44 **''Aus Nah und Fern (Nine pieces)'', Op. 45 **''Albumblätter'', Op 46 **''Aftenstemning'', Op. 47 b **''Klaverstykker i Etudeform'', Op. 48 **''Eight Studies'', Op. 51 **''Aus der Kinderwelt'', Fourteen little pieces for small hands, Op. 51 **''Four Studies'', Op. 60 **''Humoreske (Den Vægelsindede'') **XXV ''Danske Folkeviser'' for Piano four hands ** Cadenza for Mozart's [[Piano Concerto No. 21 (Mozart)|Piano Concerto No. 21 in C major]] **Cadenza for Mozart's [[Piano Concerto No. 23 (Mozart)|Piano Concerto No 23 in a major]] **Cadenza for Mozart's [[Piano Concerto No. 26 (Mozart)|Piano Concerto No 26 in d major]] ** Cadenza for Beethoven's [[Piano Concerto No. 3 (Beethoven)|Piano Concerto No. 3 in C minor]] ** Transcription of ten [[chorale prelude]]s by [[Johann Sebastian Bach]]<ref>[http://www.bach-cantatas.com/NVD/PT-Winding.htm PT-Winding, Bach Cantatas.com] www.bach-cantatas.com</ref> ** Piano reduction of [[Niels Gade]]'s cantata ''Baldurs drøm''<ref>[http://imslp.org/wiki/Baldurs_dr%C3%B8m_(Gade,_Niels) Gade,_Niels] IMSLP</ref> * Songs, Romances, Lieder and Hymns (among others Songs for one voice and piano Op. 2, Op. 3, Op. 4, Op. 8, Op.14, Op. 47 a, and Op. 50, and Songs for Choir and Orchestra, Op. 12) *Various other pieces for piano (two and four hands) (''Frühlingsstimmung, Albumsblatt in E minor, Sonate facile et instructive, Valse-Impromptu, Ellen-Vals, Valse caractéristique, Romance et Valse mélancolique, Allegro non troppo'')
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== * {{IMSLP|id=Winding,_August}} * [https://www.geni.com/people/August-Winding/6000000017354222080 August Winding] at geni.com {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Winding, August}} [[Category:1835 births]] [[Category:1899 deaths]] [[Category:Danish male composers]] [[Category:Danish music educators]] [[Category:Piano educators]] [[Category:University of Music and Theatre Leipzig alumni]] [[Category:19th-century Danish composers]] [[Category:People from Lolland Municipality]] [[Category:Pupils of Carl Reinecke]] [[Category:Academic staff of the Royal Danish Academy of Music]] [[Category:19th-century Danish classical pianists]] [[Category:Danish male classical pianists]] [[Category:19th-century Danish male musicians]] [[Category:19th-century Danish musicians]] [[Category:Danish Romantic composers]] [[Category:Hartmann family]] [[Category:19th-century male pianists]]