Attié language

{{One source|date=July 2022}} {{Short description|Kwa language spoken in Ivory Coast}} {{Expand French|Attié (langue)|date=October 2020}} {{Infobox language | name = Attié | states = Ivory Coast | ethnicity = Attie people | speakers = 642,000 | date = 2017 | ref = e25 | familycolor = Niger-Congo | fam2 = Atlantic–Congo | fam3 = Volta–Congo | fam4 = Kwa | iso3 = ati | glotto = atti1239 | glottorefname = Attie }}

'''Attié''' (Akie, Akye, Atche, Atie, Atshe) is a language of uncertain classification within the Kwa branch of the Niger–Congo family. It is spoken by perhaps half a million people in Ivory Coast.

== Phonology ==

=== Consonants === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="2" | !Labial !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Labio- velar !Glottal |- ! colspan="2" |Nasal |m |[n] |[ɲ] |[ŋ] |[ŋw] | |- ! rowspan="2" |Plosive !voiceless |p |t |c |k |k͡p | |- !voiced |b |d |ɟ |ɡ |ɡ͡b | |- ! rowspan="2" |Affricate !voiceless | |t͡s |t͡ʃ | | | |- !voiced | |(d͡z) |d͡ʒ | | | |- ! rowspan="2" |Fricative !voiceless |f |s |ʃ | | |h |- !voiced |v |z | | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Approximant | | |j | |w | |- ! colspan="2" |Lateral | |l | | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Trill | |(r) | | | | |}

* /z/ may also be heard as an affricate [d͡z] in free variation among speakers. * /l/ may also be heard as [r] when following consonants. * Nasal sounds [n, ɲ, ŋ~ŋw] only occur as a result of sounds /l, j, w/ occurring in nasal positions when preceding or following nasal vowels. * /h/ in nasal positions occurs as [h̃]. * /w/ may be realized as labio-palatal [ɥ] when occurring after palatal sounds /t͡ʃ, d͡ʒ, ɟ/.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kutsch Lojenga |first=Constance |title=L'Attié |last2=Hood |first2=Elizabeth |publisher=Abidjan & Paris: Institut de Linguistique Appliquée (ILA); Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique (ACCT) |year=1983 |location=In Hérault, Georges (ed.), Atlas des langues kwa de Cote d'Ivoire |pages=227-253}}</ref>

=== Vowels === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Oral vowels ! !Front !Central !Back |- !High |i | |u |- !High-mid |e |ɨ |o |- !Low-mid |ɛ |ə |ɔ |- !Low | |a | |} Sounds /ɨ, ə/ are phonetically heard as [ɨ̞, ɘ] or [ə̞, ɜ]. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Nasal vowels ! !Front !Central !Back |- !High |ĩ | |ũ |- !Low-mid |ɛ̃ |ə̃ |ɔ̃ |- !Low | |ã | |}

== Writing system == {|class="wikitable alternance" style="text-align: center" |+ Attié Alphabet{{sfn|Hood|Kouachi|Lojenga|1984|p=5-6}} |- | a || an || b || c || d | dzh || e || ë || ën || ɛ |- | ɛn || f || g || gb || h | i || in || j || k || kp |- | l || m || n || o || ö | ɔ || ɔn || p || r || s |- | sh || t || ts || tsh || u | un || v || w || y || z |}

A vowel followed by <n> indicates nasalisation.

Tones are indicated with a diacritic before or after the syllable : {|class="wikitable alternance" |+ Tone notation{{sfn|Hood|Kouachi|Lojenga|1984|p=6}} |- ! Tone !! Sign !! Writing !! Example !! Translation |- | Low || hyphen before syllable || ˗ || ˗ka || thing |- | Mid || nothing || ∅ || wu || acheke |- | High || apostrophe || ʼ || ’mi || mouth |- | Very high || double apostrophe || ˮ || ˮvin || children |- | Falling || hyphen after syllable || ˗ || be˗ || pestle |}

==References== {{Reflist}}

===Works cited=== * {{cite book |last1=Hood |first1=Elizabeth |last2=Kouachi |first2=Acho Jacob |last3=Lojenga |first3=Constance Kutsch |title=Attié, dialecte naindin |date=1984 |publisher=Les Nouvelles éditions africaines |location=Abidjan |isbn=978-2-7236-0680-6}}

{{Languages of Côte d'Ivoire}} {{Kwa languages}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Attie Language}} Category:Languages of Ivory Coast Category:Lagoon languages

Attié language

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