Atlantic bumper

{{Short description|Species of fish}} {{Speciesbox | name = Atlantic bumper | image = Chloroscombrus chrysurus.jpg | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = <ref name = iucn>{{cite iucn | author1 = Smith-Vaniz, W.F. | author2 = Brown, J. | author3 = Pina Amargos, F. | author4 = Williams, J.T. | author5 = Curtis, M. | name-list-style = amp | year = 2015 | title = ''Chloroscombrus chrysurus'' |errata=2017 | volume = 2015 | article-number = e.T16437187A115358128 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T16437187A16510252.en | access-date = 3 December 2022}}</ref> | taxon = Chloroscombrus chrysurus | authority = (Linnaeus, 1766) | synonyms = *''Scomber chrysurus'' Linnaeus, 1766 *''Micropterus chrysurus'' (Linnaeus, 1766) *''Micropteryx chrysurus'' (Linnaeus, 1766) *''Scomber chloris'' Bloch, 1793 *''Seriola cosmopolita'' Cuvier, 1829 *''Micropteryx cosmopolita'' (Cuvier, 1829) *''Chloroscombrus caribbaeus'' Girard, 1858 *''Chloroscombrus ectenurus'' Jordan & Osgood, 1897 *''Chloroscombrus hesperius'' Fowler, 1906 | synonyms_ref = <ref name = "fishbase"/> }}

The '''Atlantic bumper''' ('''''Chloroscombrus chrysurus''''') is a game fish in the family, Carangidae. It was first described by the "father of modern taxonomy", Carl Linnaeus in the book, ''Systema Naturae''. Atlantic bumper are known to eat smaller fish, cephalopods, and zooplankton.<ref>Diouf, P.S., 1996. Les peuplements de poissons des milieux estuariens de l'Afrique de l'Ouest: L'exemple de l'estuaire hyperhalin du Sine-Saloum. Université de Montpellier II. Thèses et Documents Microfiches No.156. ORSTOM, Paris. 267 p.</ref>

==Description== [[File:Atlantic bumper aquarium.jpg|left|thumb|Shoaling Atlantic bumper in an aquarium.]] The Atlantic bumper is best recognized by its profile, the bottom being much more curved than the top.<ref name="fishbase">{{FishBase|Chloroscombrus|chrysurus|month=August|year-2019}}</ref> Also, the lateral line is arched near the head.<ref name="fishbase" /> Atlantic bumper are generally described as silver to golden colored, with golden yellow on the anal and caudal fins,<ref name="myfwc">{{cite web |url=http://research.myfwc.com/gallery/image_details.asp?id=14507 |title=Research.myfwc.com entry on Atlantic bumper |access-date=2008-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080114212352/http://research.myfwc.com/gallery/image_details.asp?id=14507 |archive-date=2008-01-14 }}</ref> which have 3 spines, 25–28 rays and 9 spines, 25–28 rays, respectively.<ref name="fishbase" /> There is an obvious black saddle-shaped blotch on the caudal peduncle and a similar patch near the edge of the opercle.<ref name="myfwc" />

Although the average size of Atlantic bumper is {{convert|25|cm|in}},<ref>{{cite web |url=http://zipcodezoo.com/Animals/C/Chloroscombrus_chrysurus.asp |title=zipcodezoo.com entry on Atlantic bumper |access-date=2008-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080507121956/http://zipcodezoo.com/Animals/C/Chloroscombrus_chrysurus.asp |archive-date=2008-05-07 |url-status=live }}</ref> the largest recorded Atlantic bumper was {{convert|65|cm|in}} long.<ref>Daget, J. and W.F. Smith-Vaniz, 1986. Carangidae. p. 308–322. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2.</ref>

==Distribution and habitat== In the western Atlantic, Atlantic bumper is found from Massachusetts, to south Brazil.<ref name="fishbase" /> They are known to be found off Bermuda, in the Caribbean, and the Gulf of Mexico.<ref>Cervigón, F., 1993. Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas, Venezuela. 497 p.</ref> Their range continues south to the coast of Uruguay.<ref>Smith, C.L., 1997. National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p.</ref> In the eastern Atlantic, the Atlantic bumper are known from the coast of Mauritania to Angola.<ref name="fishbase" /> One single record was reported in the Mediterranean Sea off Spain in 1997.<ref>Atlas of Exotic Fishes in the Mediterranean Sea (''Chloroscombrus chrysurus''). 2nd Edition. 2021. 366p. CIESM Publishers, Paris, Monaco.https://ciesm.org/atlas/fishes_2nd_edition/Chloroscombrus_chrysurus.pdf</ref> They are not found in the eastern Pacific although a visually similar species, ''Chloroscombrus orqueta'', or the Pacific bumper is ranged for that area. Little is known about how these two species relate to each other, and they may represent only one species.<ref name="fishbase" /> [[File:Kamerun1969-014 hg.jpg|thumb|right|Atlantic bumper caught in Cameroon.]]

The Atlantic bumper is found in subtropical waters up to 55 m in depth.<ref name="fishbase" /> They usually dwell near soft bottoms of the continental shelf, but have been observed schooling near the surface.<ref name="cervigon">Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez, 1992. Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD.</ref> While it is primarily a salt water fish, juveniles have been found in brackish estuaries.<ref name="cervigon" />

==References== {{Reflist|2}}

==External links== {{Commons category|Chloroscombrus chrysurus}} *http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=385 *https://web.archive.org/web/20080114212352/http://research.myfwc.com/gallery/image_details.asp?id=14507 *http://zipcodezoo.com/Animals/C/Chloroscombrus_chrysurus.asp

Atlantic bumper Category:Fish of the Atlantic Ocean Atlantic bumper Category:Animal taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Category:Fish of Aruba