Ascaridina

{{Short description|Suborder of roundworms}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = T. canis adult worms wiki.JPG | image_caption = Adult ''Toxocara canis''<br />(Ascaridoidea: Toxocaridae) | taxon = Ascaridina | authority = | subdivision_ranks = Superfamilies | subdivision = 5, see text }}

The suborder '''Ascaridina''' contains the bulk of the Ascaridida, parasitic roundworms with three "lips" on the anterior end. The Ascaridida were formerly placed in the subclass Rhabditia by some, but morphological and DNA sequence data rather unequivocally assigns them to the Spiruria. The Oxyurida and Rhigonematida are occasionally placed in the Ascaridina as superfamily Oxyuroidea, but while they seem indeed to be Spiruria, they are not as close to ''Ascaris'' as such a treatment would place them.<ref>ToL (2002)</ref>

These "worms" contain a number of important parasites of humans and domestic animals, namely in the superfamily Ascaridoidea.

== Fossil record == Some paleoparasitological studies have described groups belonging to Ascaridina infecting fish, reptiles, and mammals in the Mesozoic.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Macêdo do Carmo |first1=Gustavo |last2=Garcia |first2=Renato Araujo |last3=Vieira |first3=Fabiano Matos |last4=de Souza Lima |first4=Sueli |last5=Ismael de Araújo-Júnior |first5=Hermínio |last6=Pinheiro |first6=Ralph Maturano |title=Paleoparasitological study of avian trace fossils from the Tremembé Formation (Oligocene of the Taubaté Basin), São Paulo, Brazil |journal=Journal of South American Earth Sciences |date=May 2023 |volume=125 |article-number=104319 |doi=10.1016/j.jsames.2023.104319 |bibcode=2023JSAES.12504319M }}</ref> Ascaridoids are known from coprolitic evidence to have infected crocodyliforms in the Late Cretaceous of Brazil.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Cardia |first1=Daniel Fontana Ferreira |last2=Bertini |first2=Reinaldo J. |last3=Camossi |first3=Lucilene Granuzzio |last4=Letizio |first4=Luiz Antonio |date=21 December 2018 |title=The first record of Ascaridoidea eggs discovered in Crocodyliformes hosts from the Upper Cretaceous of Brazil |url=http://www.sbpbrasil.org/assets/uploads/files/rbp2018304.pdf |journal=Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=238–244 |doi=10.4072/rbp.2018.3.04 |bibcode=2018RvBrP..21..238C |access-date=30 December 2025}}</ref>

==Systematics== The Ascaridina contain the following superfamilies and families:<ref>ToL (2002), SN2K (2008)</ref> <div float="left"> {{col-begin|width=70%}} {{col-1-of-2}} '''Superfamily Ascaridoidea''' * Acanthocheilidae * Anisakidae * Ascarididae * Crossophoridae * Goeziidae * Raphidascarididae (disputed) * Toxocaridae '''Superfamily Cosmocercoidea''' * Atractidae * Cosmocercidae * Kathlaniidae '''Superfamily Heterakoidea''' * Ascaridiidae * Aspidoderidae (disputed) * Heterakidae {{col-2-of-2}} '''Superfamily Seuratoidea''' * Chitwoodchabaudiidae (disputed) * Cucullanidae * Quimperiidae * Schneidernematidae * Seuratidae '''Superfamily Subuluroidea''' * Maupasinidae * Subuluridae {{col-end}} </div>

== Footnotes == {{Reflist}}

== References == * {{aut|Systema Naturae 2000 (SN2K)}} (2008): [http://www.taxonomy.nl/main/classification/115725.htm Suborder Ascaridina]{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Version of 2008-AUG-14. Retrieved 2008-NOV-05. * {{aut|Tree of Life Web Project (ToL)}} (2002): [http://tolweb.org/Nematoda/2472/2002.01.01 Nematoda]. Version of 2002-JAN-01. Retrieved 2008-NOV-02.

Category:Ascaridomorpha Category:Ecdysozoa suborders