{{Short description|Israeli judge (1947–2022)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}} {{Infobox officeholder | image = Justice Miriam Naor.jpg | office = President of the Supreme Court of Israel | nominator = | term_start = 17 January 2015 | term_end = 26 October 2017 | predecessor = Asher Grunis | deputy = Elyakim Rubinstein (2015–17)<br>Salim Joubran (2017) | successor = Esther Hayut | office2 = Justice of the Supreme Court of Israel | nominator2 = | term_start2 = 2003 | term_end2 = 2015 | birth_date = {{birth date|1947|10|26|df=y}} | birth_place = Jerusalem, Mandatory Palestine | death_date = {{death date and age|2022|1|24|1947|10|26|df=y}} | death_place = Jerusalem, Israel | alma_mater = Hebrew University of Jerusalem | native_name = מרים נאור | native_name_lang = he }}

'''Miriam Naor''' ({{langx|he|מרים נאור}}; 26 October 1947 – 24 January 2022) was an Israeli judge who was President of the Supreme Court of Israel from January 2015 to October 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|date=15 January 2015|title=Miriam Naor officially appointed Israel's 11th Supreme Court President|work=The Jerusalem Post|url=https://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Miriam-Naor-officially-appointed-Israels-11th-Supreme-Court-President-387876}}</ref> Naor retired at the end of October 2017 upon reaching the mandatory judicial retirement age of 70.<ref name="Inauguration_news_by_The_Times_of_Israel"/> She was succeeded by Esther Hayut.<ref>[http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/235061 Esther Hayut chosen as Israel's new Supreme Court chief justice]</ref>

==Biography== Naor was born in Jerusalem. Naor hailed from a family rooted in the Revisionist Zionist tradition. Her father, Naftaly Lerner, emigrated from Odessa to Palestine in 1922 and studied civil engineering at the Technion in Haifa. In 1944, he married her mother Batya (née Karklinsky), who immigrated from Lithuania in 1910. She studied nursing at the Hadassah School of Nursing in Jerusalem.<ref>[https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/naor-miriam The Shalvi/Hyman Encyclopedia of Jewish Women]</ref>

She graduated from the Hebrew University’s law school in 1971. Her husband, Aryeh Naor, served as Prime Minister Menachem Begin’s cabinet secretary from 1977 to 1982. Her mother-in-law, Esther Raziel-Naor, was a long-serving member of Knesset for Herut (the precursor to Likud) — from 1949 to 1973 and the sister of David Raziel. Her son Naftali — whose godfather was Menachem Begin — ran unsuccessfully in Likud primaries.

Naor died on 24 January 2022, at the age of 74.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Maanit|first=Chen|date=24 January 2022|title=Former Israeli Supreme Court President Miriam Naor Dies at 74|work=Haaretz|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/former-israeli-supreme-court-president-miriam-naor-dies-at-74-1.10560790|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124091325/https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/former-israeli-supreme-court-president-miriam-naor-dies-at-74-1.10560790|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 January 2022}}</ref>

==Legal and judicial career== thumb|Swearing-in ceremony as Chief Justice, 2015 thumb|Miriam Naor with husband Arie, 2017 Naor clerked for Supreme Court justice (later Chief Justice) Moshe Landau. She worked on constitutional issues in the State Attorney’s Office under Mishael Cheshin, who would later be appointed Deputy Chief Justice.

In 1980 she won her first judicial appointment to the Jerusalem Magistrate’s Court. In May 1989, Naor was appointed to the Jerusalem District Court.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Karpel|first=Dalia|date=17 January 2015|title=Miriam Naor, New President of the Israel's Supreme Court, Is a Woman With a Mission|work=Haaretz|url=https://www.haaretz.com/2015-01-17/ty-article/.premium/a-woman-with-a-mission/0000017f-dc35-db22-a17f-fcb526aa0000|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Later in the 1990s, she served as one of the judges who eventually convicted Shas chairman Aryeh Deri on bribery charges. She became a permanent justice on the Supreme Court in 2003. In 2016, Natasha Hausdorff, a British future barrister, international news commentator, and Israel advocate clerked for her.<ref name="25 ViZionaries">[https://www.jpost.com/influencers-24/visionaries/article-822768 "25 ViZionaries: Natasha Hausdorff - No. 2; Prominent advocate for Israel’s legal rights on the global stage. "] ''The Jerusalem Post'', October 1, 2024.</ref><ref name="Natasha Hausdorff">[https://www.algemeiner.com/author/natasha-hausdorff/ "Natasha Hausdorff,"] ''Algemeiner''.</ref><ref name="Karen Glaser">Karen Glaser (March 2, 2023). [https://www.thejc.com/news/meet-the-brilliant-barrister-battling-lies-about-israel-ab2dxq8g "Meet the brilliant barrister battling lies about Israel,"] ''The Jewish Chronicle''.</ref>

Naor spent 38 years on the bench, 17 of them on the Supreme Court. Her final act was ratifying the verdict allowing Tel Aviv supermarkets and recreation centers to remain open on Shabbat.<ref>[https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-5034291,00.html Naor bids tearful farewell to Supreme Court]</ref>

In October 2018 she was appointed President of the Zionist Supreme Court of the World Zionist Organization.<ref>{{Cite web|title=השופטת מרים נאור - נשיאת בית הדין הציוני|url=https://www.wzo.org.il/index.php?dir=site&page=content&cs=5042|access-date=2022-01-24|website=www.wzo.org.il}}</ref>

==See also== * Women in Israel * Judiciary of Israel

==References== <references>

<ref name="Inauguration_news_by_The_Times_of_Israel">{{cite web|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-swears-in-new-chief-justice-miriam-naor|title=Israel swears in new chief justice Miriam Naor|work=The Times of Israel |date=15 January 2015 |accessdate=18 March 2015}}</ref>

</references>

{{s-start}} {{s-legal}} {{s-bef|before=Ayala Procaccia}} {{s-ttl|title=Chairman of the Central Elections Committee|years=2011–2012}} {{s-aft|after=Elyakim Rubinstein}} {{s-end}} {{Presidents of the Supreme Court of Israel}}

{{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Naor, Miriam}} Category:1947 births Category:2022 deaths Category:Chief justices of the Supreme Court of Israel Category:Hebrew University of Jerusalem Faculty of Law alumni Category:Israeli people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent Category:Israeli people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent Category:Israeli women judges Category:Women chief justices Category:Lawyers from Jerusalem Category:21st-century women judges Category:Rehavia Gymnasium alumni