Arthur Lerner

{{Short description|American painter}} {{Infobox artist | name = Arthur Lerner | image = Arthur Lerner Self-portrait_2000.jpg | birth_date = {{birth year and age|1929}} | birth_place = Chicago, Illinois, U.S. | death_date = | death_place = | education = School of the Art Institute of Chicago (BFA, MFA)<br>University of Chicago (attended)<br>Roosevelt University (attended) | style = Representational | spouse = Carole Harmel | website = {{url|arthurlerner.com|Official website}} }} '''Arthur Lerner''' (born 1929) is an American artist, known for his atmospheric figurative paintings and drawings, landscapes, and still lifes. He is sometimes described as a realist, but most critics observe that his work is more subjective than descriptive or literal.<ref name="Pieszak">Pieszak, Devonna. "Arthur Lerner Enigmatic Realist," ''CITY: A Journal of the City Colleges of Chicago'', Fall 1986.</ref><ref name="Artner86">Artner, Alan G. [https://www.chicagotribune.com/1986/06/20/lerners-brush-still-quicker-than-the-eye/ "Lerner's Brush Still Quicker Than the Eye,"] ''Chicago Tribune'', June 20, 1986, p.59.</ref><ref name="Bone">Bone, James. "Art Facts: a mix of media on Wells Street," ''Chicago Reader'', March 11, 1983.</ref> Associated with Chicago's influential "Monster Roster" artists early in his career, he shared their enthusiasm for expressive figuration, fantasy and mythology, and their existential outlook, but diverged increasingly in his classical formal concerns and more detached temperament.<ref name="Corbett">Corbett, John. "Bleak House: Chicago's Monster Artists," in ''Monster Roster: Existentialist Art in Postwar Chicago,'' John Corbett, Jim Dempsey, Jessica Moss, and Richard A. Born, University of Chicago Press: Smart Museum of Art, 2016.</ref><ref name="Reichert">Reichert, Elliot. [https://art.newcity.com/2015/09/07/review-chicago-connectionukrainian-institute-of-modern-art/ "Review: Chicago Connection/Ukrainian Institute of Modern Art,"] ''New City'', September 7, 2015. Retrieved April 7, 2018.</ref> Critics frequently note in Lerner's art a sense of light that evokes Impressionism, delicate color and modelling that "flirts with dematerialization,"<ref name="Pieszak" /><ref name="Polanski">Polanski, G. Jurek. [http://www.artscope.net/VAREVIEWS/Self-Portraits0101-1.shtml "Self Portraits 2000,"] ''ArtScope'', 2000. Retrieved April 7, 2018.</ref> and the draftsmanship that serves as a foundation for all of his work.<ref name="Bone" /><ref name="Artner00">Artner, Alan G. [https://www.chicagotribune.com/2000/05/04/its-taken-15-years-but-exhibit-is-top-drawers/ "It's Taken 15 Years, But Exhibit Is Top Drawers,"] ''Chicago Tribune'', May 4, 2000, Retrieved April 9, 2018.</ref><ref name="Goldstein">Goldstein, Nathan. [https://www.amazon.com/Design-Composition-Nathan-Goldstein/dp/0131999109 ''Design & Composition''], New York: Prentice Hall, Inc., 1989, p.20.</ref> The ''Chicago Tribune''<nowiki/>'s Alan Artner lamented Lerner's comparative lack of recognition in relation to the Chicago Imagists as the fate of "an aesthete in a town dominated by tenpenny fantasts."<ref name="Artner97">Artner, Alan G. [https://www.chicagotribune.com/1997/01/17/mistiness-and-insight/ "Mistiness And Insight: The Landscapes And Still Lifes Of Chicago Realist Arthur Lerner,"] ''Chicago Tribune'', January 17, 1997.</ref> Lerner's work has been extensively covered in publications, featured in books such as ''Monster Roster: Existential Art in Postwar Chicago'',<ref name="Smart">Corbett, John and Jim Dempsey, Jessica Moss, and Richard A. Born. [https://www.amazon.com/Monster-Roster-Existentialist-Postwar-Chicago/dp/0935573488 ''Monster Roster: Existentialist Art in Postwar Chicago,''] University of Chicago Press: Smart Museum of Art, 2016.</ref> and acquired by public and private collections, including those of the Smithsonian Institution, Art Institute of Chicago, Smart Museum of Art, and Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art, among many.<ref name="Boone">Boone, Garret. Review, ''Chicago Tribune'', October, 1963.</ref><ref name="Artner05">Artner, Alan G. exhibition critique, ''Chicago Tribune'', April 22, 2005.</ref><ref name="AIC Collection">Art Institute of Chicago. [https://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/artwork/88527 Untitled #1, 1961, Arthur Lerner], Collections. Retrieved April 15, 2018.</ref><ref name="Lerner resume">[http://www.arthurlerner.com/resume/resume.htm Arthur Lerner official website, resume]. Retrieved March 30, 2018.</ref>

== Life and education == Lerner was born and raised in the ethnic neighborhood of Humboldt Park on Chicago's west side. Interested in art as a child, he took classes at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago (SAIC) at age twelve, and won a scholarship there in 1946. He joined a student body composed largely of older G.I. Bill veterans, including Leon Golub, Cosmo Campoli and Seymour Rosofsky.<ref name="Corbett" /> Many of them would be collectively dubbed the "Monster Roster" by critic Franz Schulze in the late 1950s, for their expressionist figurative work, and regarded as forerunners to the more widely known and organized Imagists.<ref name="Adrian">Adrian, Dennis. "Introduction," in ''Monster Roster: Existentialist Art in Postwar Chicago,'' John Corbett, Jim Dempsey, Jessica Moss, and Richard A. Born, University of Chicago Press: Smart Museum of Art, 2016.</ref><ref name="Yood">Yood, James. [http://artltdmag.com/2016/03/introducing-the-monster-roster/ "Introducing the MONSTER ROSTER,"] ''art ltd.'', March 1, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2018.</ref> Lerner studied under painters Louis Ritman and Boris Anisfeld, earning his BFA (1951) and MFA (1952) at SAIC. During this time, he exhibited in the seminal Momentum Exhibitions of 1948-1950, organized by SAIC and Institute of Design students in protest over their exclusion from the Art Institute's prestigious "Annual Exhibition by Artists of Chicago and Vicinity."<ref name="Corbett" />

After graduating, Lerner won a foreign travel fellowship (1952)<ref name="AIC press1">Art Institute of Chicago, [https://www.artic.edu/research/art-institute-records/museum-records/news-release-archive/1952-news-releases 1952 Press Releases, June 9, 1952]. Retrieved April 7, 2018.</ref> and a Fulbright grant (1957), which took him for a year to Rome and to Florence, respectively. The experience left an enduring mark; his studies of Renaissance and Baroque art, as well as classical literature like Dante, took his developing work in figurative, mythological and mystical directions, while solidifying his classically influenced aesthetics.<ref name="Lerner Oral" /> Travel would exert a strong influence throughout his career, inspiring a decade-plus shift to landscape painting in the late 1970s, and a return to the figure in the mid-1990s.<ref name="Lerner Oral" />

In 1961, Lerner joined the art faculty at City Colleges of Chicago, where he would teach until retiring in 1996.<ref name="Lerner resume" /> Over the last five decades, he has been featured in solo exhibitions at the Jan Cicero, Walter Wickiser (New York), LIPA, and Printworks galleries, and shown at institutions including the Art Institute of Chicago, Smart Museum of Art, Hyde Park Art Center,<ref name="Glatt">Glatt, Cara. "Six Chicago Artists," ''Hyde Park Herald'', May 1984.</ref> Chicago Ukrainian Institute of Modern Art, and Chicago Cultural Center, which honored him with a solo show in 2000. Lerner continues to work and live, with his wife, artist Carole Harmel, in Chicago.

== Work == Lerner's work reflects both a deep connection to art history and a commitment to his own deeply personal path.<ref name="Pieszak2" /> Fusing his regard for Rembrandt, Renaissance and Baroque masters, Degas, expressionists like Soutine, and modernists like Francis Bacon and Giacometti,<ref name="Lerner Oral" /> he developed an introspective, intuitive style that suggests but eludes labels like Expressionism, Impressionism, Surrealism, Fantasy, Classicism, or Realism.<ref name="Pieszak" /> Hallmarks of his style are his atmospheric modelling, restrained palette, and intense, bleaching light, which often creates a diaphanous space in which subjects appear "inexplicably muted as if viewed through a mist or scrim"<ref name="Artner97" /> or seem to hover "somewhere between mirage and dream."<ref name="Postiglione">Postiglione, Corey. "Images of Quiet Intensity," Walter Wickiser Gallery, catalogue, 1993.</ref><ref name="Pieszak2">Pieszak, Devonna. "Arthur Lerner," Catalogue essay, Galerija, Chicago, IL, 1983.</ref> Lerner's work can be classified into three main categories: figurative works, still lifes, and landscapes.

thumb|left|280px|Arthur Lerner, ''Descent'', oil on linen, 60" x 62", 2001.

=== Figurative work === Lerner has a longstanding affinity for the figure as a universal metaphor capable of expressing the full range of human experience.<ref name="Lerner Oral">The Art Institute of Chicago, ''Artists Oral History Archive'', [http://digital-libraries.saic.edu/cdm/search/collection/artists/searchterm/Lerner,%20Arthur/field/title/mode/all/conn/and/cosuppress/1 Arthur Lerner], Retrieved March 30, 2018.</ref><ref name="MCA">Schulze, Franz. "Art in Chicago: The Two Traditions," in [https://www.amazon.com/Art-Chicago-1945-1995-Jeff-Abell/dp/050023728X ''Art in Chicago 1945-1995''], Museum of Contemporary Art, ed. Lynne Warren. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1996, p.16-20. Retrieved March 30, 2018.</ref> His early work, influenced by Expressionism, mythology, and the existentialism of Sartre and Camus, consisted of frontal paintings and conté drawings that featured isolated, fantastical creatures (''Phoenix'', 1955; ''Harpy'', 1957), anguished heads (''Screaming Head'', 1962), or agonized, cadaver-like figures (the ''Torn'' series, 1960-2), often dissolving into painterly color-field backgrounds.<ref name="Donato">Donato, Marla. "Gallery Tripping: Chicago Artists Expose Themselves," ''Chicago Reader'', May 20, 1983.</ref><ref name="Corbett" /> In addition to their emotional charge, these works have been noted for their "fascination with surface and the interplay of light and shadow" and compared to the work of Moore, Baskin, and Bacon.<ref name="Dose">Dose, Frederic. "The Lions and Lesser Known," ''Chicago Journal'', June 8, 1983.</ref> Lerner exhibited extensively at the time, locally and abroad, notably in several Art Institute "Chicago and Vicinity" exhibits, shows at the Seattle Art Museum, Brooklyn Museum and Antioch College, and solo exhibitions at the John L. Hunt (1963) and Anna Werbe (Detroit, 1964) galleries, Elmhurst College (1972), and Alverno College (1973).

Over time, Giacometti's influence on Lerner grew and his work became more detached and ethereal, with "substantiality and concreteness displaced by diffusion of light" and color suppressed in favor of tonality and pale hue.<ref name="Pieszak" /><ref name="Polanski2">Polanski, G. Jurek. [http://www.artscope.net/VAREVIEWS/Significant0301-1.shtml "Significant Signifiers, Ukrainian Institute of Modern Art,"] ''ArtScope'', 2001. Retrieved June 27, 2018.</ref> The shift, glimpsed in portraits, such as ''Laura I'' (1975), continued into the 1990s when Lerner returned to the figure after abandoning it for roughly a decade. Inspired by a visit to The Museum of the Mummies in Guanajuato, Mexico, he began exploring the beauty of decay and the feelings evoked by death through depictions of mummified, skeletal or hanged figures, corpses, and mythological subjects.<ref name="Silverman">Silverman, Lanny. "In Transition," Chicago Cultural Center, exhibition essay, 2000.</ref> Reviews commented on the epic tone, muted horror,<ref name="Artner04">Artner, Alan G. exhibition critique, ''Chicago Tribune'', October 22, 2004.</ref> "delicate animation and expressive grace" of works like ''Descent'' (2001) that considered humanity "variously as puppets in the game of life, pure physical matter, or tortured souls."<ref name="Silverman" /><ref name="Kerzner">Rosenbloom-Kerzner, Idelle. "Artists recall terrible things," ''Post-Tribune'', April 13, 2003, B1.</ref> Artist Neil Goodman, who curated an Indiana University show of this work, described the paintings as "both troubling and enticing, yet beautiful in the way that only visual language can embrace a paradox."<ref name="King">King, Peter. "'Passages' Arouse Human Emotions," ''Indiana University Northwest News'', April 2, 2003.</ref>

Lerner has said about this work, "Mummies and mythical figures in my work are not intended to represent specific political or historical events in any way, but rather to act as symbols or metaphors for the terror, the anguish, the tragic, the comic—even the absurdity and the beauty of life as we experience it."<ref name="Lerner statement">[http://www.arthurlerner.com/statement/statement.htm Arthur Lerner official website, artist statement]. Retrieved March 30, 2018.</ref> In subsequent years, Lerner exhibited similar work in shows contemplating the effects of war, genocide,<ref name="Artner02">Artner, Alan G. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180413125320/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2002-07-12/entertainment/0207120179_1_indian-works-american-indians-paint "Memento Mori,"] ''Chicago Tribune'', July 12, 2002.</ref> and the Holocaust.<ref name="Rocca">Rocca, Suellen. "24th Annual Holocaust Education Project at Elmhurst College," Program, Curator's note, April 27, 2014, p. 6.</ref>

thumb|right|285px|Arthur Lerner, ''Bones, Gourd and Shells'', oil on linen, 48" x 60", 1990.

=== Still lifes === In the late 1970s, Lerner made a major shift to still lifes and landscapes, prompted by a trip to the French maritime Alps, and later cemented after the purchase of a summer home in coastal Maine. Upon returning to Chicago, he began working on minimalist paintings of paper bags (1978) that, formally, recalled the mountains for him.<ref name="Lerner Oral" /> He then turned to spare groupings of natural materials like rocks, shells, driftwood, leaves, bones and gourds that have been likened to Zen gardens in their "calculated casualness," careful arrangement, and spatial tension.<ref name="Pieszak2" /><ref name="Artner97" /> Contrasting them to his other work, Lerner describes the still lifes as "a more direct approach to the pure pleasure of looking at things."<ref name="Lerner statement" />

Like the landscapes that would follow, these new paintings were simultaneously more precise and concrete—sometimes suggesting the detachment of Philip Pearlstein<ref name="Bone" />—and yet more abstract.<ref name="Pieszak" /> Critics attributed this to Lerner's "opalescent light,"<ref name="Holg">Holg, Garrett. "Contemporary Realism," ''New Art Examiner'', February 1984, p.18.</ref> which gave his shadows palpable form<ref name="Postiglione" /> and created the "effect of a hazy, delicately colored, and possibly mystical procession of shapes across the canvas" that suggested landscapes.<ref name="Bone" /> This artistic fiction transformed what appeared to be simple paintings, such as ''Bones, Gourds and Shells'' (1990), into metaphysical works<ref name="Pieszak2" /> that evoked a mood of mystery and quietude critics likened to the work of Giorgio Morandi.<ref name="Postiglione" />

thumb|left|285px|Arthur Lerner, ''Canyon Series V'', oil on linen, 50" x 72", 1996.

=== Landscapes === Concurrent with the still lifes, Lerner began painting Maine coastscapes. Describing the contrast between Maine's "dramatic, almost brooding landscape" and Chicago's urban unruliness as "a kind of epiphany," he said, "I became drawn into the more spiritual, psychological and atmospheric qualities and the sense of oneness that pervades everything in nature."<ref name="Lerner Oral" /><ref name="Lerner statement" />

Critics described these new paintings as "landscapes of wonderment"<ref name="Postiglione" /> and "hard-headed poetry";<ref name="Artner88">Artner, Alan G. [https://www.chicagotribune.com/1988/06/09/blaze-of-illumination-turns-heads-in-delight/ "Blaze of Illumination Turns Heads in Delight,"] ''Chicago Tribune'', June 9, 1988.</ref> and compared them to the work of Hopper<ref name="Bone" /> and Rothko,<ref name="Pieszak" /> noting Lerner's use of light as an agent of transformation to harmonize what he sees in nature.<ref name="Artner97" /> In reviews covering four shows at Jan Cicero Gallery (1986-1997), Alan Artner observed that the light alternately gave "shadows the solidity of rock and rock the buoyancy of snow"<ref name="Artner86" /> or bleached out land and seascapes in its intensity, detaching them from their natural contexts.<ref name="Artner91">Artner, Alan G. Exhibition critique, ''Chicago Tribune'', May 3, 1991.</ref> He wrote that paintings like ''Coastscape Series III'' (1985-6) revealed keen observation, yet diverged from reality to create a sense of feeling and atmosphere that became almost abstract.<ref name="Artner86" /> In later series, Lerner focused on the brighter reds, yellows and blues of Arizona's red rock country and the subtler palettes of the Grand Canyon, in works like ''Canyon Series V'' (1996).

== Teaching == Lerner began his teaching career at Ray-Vogue College, a commercial art school in Chicago, in 1955. He worked there until 1957, teaching fine arts, illustration and design. In 1961, he was hired at City Colleges of Chicago, where he would teach basic drawing, figure drawing, and painting until his retirement in 1996.<ref name="Lerner resume" /> He was named Distinguished Professor, Richard J. Daley College in 1986–7. Lerner modeled his approach on that of his own SAIC figure drawing teacher, Robert Lifvendahl, taking a highly structured approach to teaching foundational technique and methods to a broad spectrum of students that included college teens, blue-collar workers, and retirees.<ref name="Lerner Oral" /> Lerner also taught at Ox-Bow School of Art, School of the Art Institute of Chicago in 1961.

== Collections and recognition == Lerner's art is represented in numerous public and private collections, including those of the: Smithsonian Institution, Art Institute of Chicago,<ref name="AIC prize">Art Institute of Chicago, Frank B. Hubacheck Purchase Award for Drawing First All-Illinois Biennial of Prints, Drawings and Watercolors, Announcement, [https://www.artic.edu/research/art-institute-records/museum-records/news-release-archive/1961-news-releases 1961 Press Releases, December 4, 1961.] Retrieved April 7, 2018.</ref> Smart Museum of Art,<ref name="SmartColl">Smart Museum of Art. [http://smartcollection.uchicago.edu/objects/27795/harpy?ctx=e5a30c82-b35c-44bb-8000-5a006177bade&idx=1 Arthur Lerner, ''Harpy''], 1957. Retrieved June 27, 2018.</ref> Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art, Farhat Cultural Center (Beirut, Lebanon),<ref name="Farhat">Farhat Cultural Center. [https://farhatculturalcenter.wordpress.com/2014/03/12/arthur-lerner/ Arthur Lerner, ''Abstract Portrait''], 1961–2. Retrieved June 27, 2018.</ref> Ukrainian Institute of Modern Art, U.S. State Department Cultural Division, Harry S. Truman College, United Airlines, Continental Bank of Illinois (now Bank of America), Northern Trust Bank of Illinois, Kemper Insurance Companies, Jenner and Block, Inc., Hahn, Holland and Grossman, Joseph Shapiro, and David and Sarajean Ruttenberg, among many. He has been recognized with National Endowment for the Arts awards (1981, 1982), a Fulbright Grant (1957-8), and a James Nelson Raymond Foreign Travel Fellowship (1952–3).<ref name="Lerner resume" />

== References == {{Reflist}}

== External links == * [http://www.arthurlerner.com/ Arthur Lerner official website] * [http://digital-libraries.saic.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/artists/id/11/rec/1 The Art Institute of Chicago, Artists Oral History Archive: Arthur Lerner] Interview with Linda L. Kramer and Sandra Binion, 2010.

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Lerner, Arthur}} <!--- Categories ---> Category:21st-century American painters Category:21st-century American male artists Category:Painters from Chicago Category:20th-century American painters Category:American male painters Category:American landscape painters Category:School of the Art Institute of Chicago alumni Category:University of Chicago alumni Category:Culture of Chicago Category:1929 births Category:Living people Category:Educators from Illinois Category:20th-century American male artists