{{Short description|Russian painter (1856–1933)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}} {{Use British English|date=January 2023}} {{Infobox artist | native_name = {{Nobold|Аполлинарий Васнецов}} | native_name_lang = ru | image = NikDmKuznetsov AppolinaryVasnetsov.jpg | image_size = | caption = Portrait by [[Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kuznetsov (painter)|Nikolai D. Kuznetsov]], 1897 | birth_name = | birth_date = {{OldStyleDate|6 August|1856|25 July}} | birth_place = Ryabovo, [[Vyatka Governorate]], Russian Empire<!-- DO NOT LINK, see [[MOS:GEOLINK]] for further guidance --> | death_date = {{Death date and age|1933|01|23|1856|08|6|df=y}} | death_place = Moscow, Russian SFSR<!-- DO NOT LINK, see [[MOS:GEOLINK]] for further guidance -->, Soviet Union<!-- DO NOT LINK, see [[MOS:GEOLINK]] for further guidance --> | field = Painting | movement = [[Peredvizhniki]] | alma_mater = [[Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture|Moscow School of Painting]] | education = {{Imperial Academy of Arts|Member|1900}} | awards = | notable_works = | relatives = [[Viktor Vasnetsov|Viktor]] (brother) }}
'''Apollinary Mikhaylovich Vasnetsov''' ({{langx|ru|link=no|Аполлина́рий Миха́йлович Васнецо́в}}; {{OldStyleDate|6 August|1856|25 July}} – 23 January 1933) was a Russian painter and graphic artist.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Apollinary-Mikhaylovich-Vasnetsov |title=Apollinary Mikhaylovich Vasnetsov |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=18 August 2018 |language=en}}</ref> He specialised in scenes from the medieval history of Moscow.
Vasnetsov did not receive a formal artistic education. He had studied under his older brother, [[Viktor Vasnetsov|Viktor]], also a famous painter. From 1883, he along with his brother lived and worked in [[Abramtsevo Colony|Abramtsevo]] where he fell under the influence of [[Vasily Polenov]]. In 1898–1899, he travelled across Europe. In addition to epic landscapes of Russian nature, Apollinary Vasnetsov created his own genre of historical landscape reconstruction on the basis of historical and archaeological data. His paintings present a visual picture of medieval Moscow. He was a member of the [[Peredvizhniki|Association of Travelling Art Exhibitions]] (Peredvizhniki) from 1899, and an [[Imperial Academy of Arts|academician]] from 1900. He became one of the founders and supervisors of the [[Union of Russian Artists]].
== Early life == Vasnetsov had three elder and two younger brothers. His only sister died at the age of four months. Vasnetsov's father played an important role in the upbringing and education of his sons, teaching them to love nature and to become familiar with the life of birds and animals. Vasnetsov's father died in 1870, which came as a terrible blow for him.
== The Caucasus and the Urals == In 1890, Vasnetsov made a journey across the North of the [[Russian Empire]] and was able to record beautiful views of [[Siberia]] and the [[Ural Mountains|Urals]], including the paintings: * Forest on the Slopes of Mount Blagodat, Mid-Urals (1890) * [[Boreal forest]] in the Urals (1890) * Mountain lake in the Urals (1892) * The Steppes of [[Orenburg]] (1895) * "Koma" (1895)
In 1895, Vasnetsov visited [[the Caucasus]]. He was deeply impressed by the beauty of the rugged Caucasus mountains. While there, he climbed the glaciers of Mt. [[Elbrus]], visited [[Tiflis]] and lived in the [[Darial Gorge]]. He created a great number of his [[sketch (drawing)|sketch]]es during this period, including: * View of Elbrus from Bermomut (1895) * Red [[Cliffs]] in [[Kislovodsk]] (1896) * Elbrus before Sunrise (1897) * Darial (1897)
In 1890, Vasnetsov made a journey across Europe, visiting France and Italy, where he studied the works of famous masters.
At the beginning of 1920, the Committee of Archaeology (the predecessor of the Community for the Saving of Art Monuments) invited Vasnetsov and several other painters (including [[Vikentii Trofimov]]) to draw the old places of [[Voronezh]].
A minor planet, [[3586 Vasnetsov]], discovered by Soviet astronomer [[Lyudmila Zhuravlyova]] in 1978, is named after [[Viktor Vasnetsov]] and Apollinary Vasnetsov.<ref>{{cite book | last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. | title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names | edition = 5th | year = 2003 | publisher = Springer Verlag | location = New York | isbn = 3-540-00238-3 | page = 301}}</ref>
==Gallery== <gallery mode="packed" heights="170px"> File:Boreal forest in the Urals mountaing.jpg|Boreal forest in the Ural mountains (1890) File:Mountaing lake.jpg|Mountain Lake (1892) File:Аполлинарий Васнецов Кремль.jpg|[[Moscow Kremlin|Kremlin]] (1892) File:Oprichnik by Vasnetsov.jpg|Set for the opera ''[[The Oprichnik (opera)|The Oprichnik]]'' by [[Pyotr Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]] (1911) File:VasnecovA VMoskovskom.jpg|In the Moscow Kremlin File:Novgorod torg.JPG|[[Novgorod]] marketplace File:Vasnetsov Krasnaya Plocshad 17 vek.jpg|[[Red Square]] in the second half of the 17th century File:'Kama'.jpg|Kama River File:Stamp of USSR 1173.jpg|Painting of "Old Moscow" by Vasnetsov, depicted on a 1947 stamp </gallery>
==See also== * [[List of Russian artists]]
==References== {{Reflist}}
===Sources=== *''Apollinary Vasnetsov'' by Vasnetsova, Yekaterina & Schmidt, Igor (eds.), Izobrazitelnoye Iskusstvo, Moscow, 1980, (Russian/English), Book ID V 1121 31. * ''Great painters'' by Gordeeva M., "Direct media", Kyiv, 2011, (Russian)
== External links == {{Commons category}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927005217/http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/Exhibitions/Horizons/En/bio-505.html Short biography 1] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120217135232/http://www.artfact.com/features/viewArtist.cfm?artistRef=1QFQKYMCYG Short biography 2]
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Vasnetsov, Apollinary}} [[Category:1856 births]] [[Category:1933 deaths]] [[Category:People from Zuyevsky District]] [[Category:People from Vyatsky Uyezd]] [[Category:20th-century Russian male artists]] [[Category:Russian male painters]] [[Category:20th-century Russian painters]] [[Category:Russian watercolorists]] [[Category:Soviet painters]] [[Category:Mir iskusstva artists]] [[Category:Peredvizhniki]] [[Category:19th-century male artists from the Russian Empire]] [[Category:19th-century painters from the Russian Empire]] [[Category:Watercolorists from the Russian Empire]] [[Category:Burials at Vvedenskoye Cemetery]]