{{Short description|American lawyer and politician (born 1929)}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Antonia Handler Chayes | image = 1980 Antonia Handler Chayes Former Under Secretary of the Air force (cropped).jpg | office = 14th United States Under Secretary of the Air Force | president = Jimmy Carter | term_start = May 1, 1989 | term_end = January 20, 1993 | predecessor = Hans Mark | successor = Edward C. Aldridge Jr. | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1929|07|21}} | birth_place = New York City, U.S. | spouse = {{marriage|Abram Chayes|1947|2000|end=died}} | children = Sarah Chayes and 4 other children | death_date = | death_place = | party = Democrat | education = Radcliffe College (BA)<br />Georgetown University (JD) }}

'''Antonia "Toni" Handler Chayes''' (born July 21, 1929) is an American lawyer and educator who served as Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Manpower and Reserve Affairs) from 1977 to 1979 and as United States Under Secretary of the Air Force from 1979 to 1981.

==Biography==

Antonia Handler was born in New York City on July 21, 1929.<ref name="autogenerated1979">{{cite web | url= http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=32514 |title= Department of the Air Force Nomination of Antonia Handler Chayes To Be Under Secretary. | date= June 21, 1979 | publisher= The American Presidency Project, UC Santa Barbara | location= Santa Barbara, CA | accessdate= Apr 2, 2014 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20121001170828/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=32514 | archivedate= 2012-10-01|url-status=live}}</ref> She married Abram Chayes on December 24, 1947; they had five children, including journalist Sarah Chayes. She was educated at Radcliffe College, receiving a B.A. in 1950.<ref>[http://www.radcliffe.edu/alumnae/rad_day_pastara.aspx List of Radcliffe Honored Alumnae] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720034051/http://www.radcliffe.edu/alumnae/rad_day_pastara.aspx |date=July 20, 2011 }}</ref> She then attended Yale Law School before transferring to the Georgetown University Law Center and receiving her law degree in 1953.<ref name="autogenerated1979"/>

From 1959 to 1961, Chayes was executive assistant to Erwin Griswold, the Dean of Harvard Law School.<ref name="autogenerated1979"/> In 1961, she joined the staff of the White House, where she worked drafting correspondence.<ref name="autogenerated1979"/> She was then a consultant to a Baltimore community development firm 1962-63, and a social science adviser to the National Institute of Mental Health 1964-65.<ref name="autogenerated1979"/> From 1966 to 1968, she was director of education and urban development for the Model Cities Program's Action for Boston Community Development program.<ref name="autogenerated1979"/> In 1968, she became the dean of the Jackson College for Women (later incorporated into Tufts University).<ref name="autogenerated1979"/> From 1970 to 1972, she was an associate professor of political science at Tufts.<ref name="autogenerated1979"/> Chayes then spent 1972-73 as the law clerk of Judge Charles Edward Wyzanski Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts.<ref name="autogenerated1979"/> In 1974, she joined the Boston law firm of Csaplar & Bok as a partner.<ref name="autogenerated1979"/>

===Carter Administration=== In 1977, President of the United States Jimmy Carter nominated Chayes to be Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Manpower and Reserve Affairs).<ref name="autogenerated1979"/> She held this position until 1979, when she became United States Under Secretary of the Air Force, a position she held until 1981.<ref name="tufts1">[http://fletcher.tufts.edu/faculty/chayes/default.shtml Profile from the Fletcher School] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217174828/http://fletcher.tufts.edu/faculty/chayes/default.shtml |date=February 17, 2011 }}</ref>

After leaving the Carter Administration, Chayes joined the faculty of the John F. Kennedy School of Government in 1981, teaching there until 2003.<ref name="tufts1"/> There, she became Chair of the Project on Compliance and International Conflict Management at the Program on Negotiation.<ref name="tufts1"/> She also served on the Board of Directors of the United Technologies Corporation from 1981 to 2002. She also continued to practice law with Csaplar & Bok.<ref name="tufts1"/> In 2003, she became Professor of Practice of International Politics and Law at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy.<ref name="tufts1"/>

==Selected works== * with Paul M. Doty, ''Defending Deterrence: Managing the ABM Treaty Regime Into the 21st Century'' (Brassey's, 1989). * with Abram Chayes, ''The New Sovereignty: Compliance with International Regulating Agreements'' (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995). * with George T. Raach, eds., ''Peace Operations: Developing an American Strategy'' (Washington, DC: National Defense University Press, 1995). * with Abram Chayes, ''Preventing Conflict in the Post-Communist World: Mobilizing International and Regional Organizations'' (Washington, DC: Brookings, 1996). * with Abram Chayes, Alexei Arbatov, and Lara Olson, eds., ''Managing Conflict in the Former Soviet Union'' (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1997). * with Abram Chayes, ''Planning for Intervention: International Cooperation in Conflict Management'' (The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 1999). * with Martha Minow, eds., ''Imagine Coexistence: Restoring Humanity After Violent Conflict'' (San Francisco, CA: 2003). * "How American Treaty Behavior Threatens National Security" in 33 ''International Security'' 45 (2008). * ''Borderless Wars: Civil Military Disorder and Legal Uncertainty'' (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2015).

==References== <references/>

{{s-start}} {{s-gov}} {{succession box| before=???| title=Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Manpower & Reserve Affairs)| after=Tidal W. McCoy| years=1977 – 1979 }} {{succession box| before=Hans Mark| title=United States Under Secretary of the Air Force| after=Edward C. Aldridge Jr.| years=1979 – 1981 }} {{s-end}} {{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chayes, Antonia Handler}} Category:1929 births Category:Living people Category:United States Air Force civilians Category:Radcliffe College alumni Category:Yale Law School alumni Category:Georgetown University Law Center alumni Category:The Fletcher School at Tufts University faculty Category:Women in the United States Air Force